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| man who wrote The Underdogs and said "It is like a hurricane, if you're in it, you're a leaf blown by the wind." to talk about the Mexican Revolution |
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| dictator of Mexico in 1910 who welcomed foreign investors and later resigned because of rebellion |
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| liberal reformer who rebelled against Diaz and became president of Mexico and was murdered two years later |
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| hard-riding rebel from the north of Mexico who fought for personal power,but had supporters |
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| southern Mexican who lead a peasant revolt |
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| followers of Emiliano Zapata who lead a peasant revolt in southern Mexico |
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| women soldiers in Mexico who cooked, tended to the wounded, and fought in the Mexican revolution |
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| conservative persident of Mexico in 1917 who approved the Constitution of 1917 |
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| Mexican constitution that adressed the issues of land, religion, and labor |
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| government takeover of natural resources |
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| Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) |
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| group of government leaders in Mexico that manages to accommodate all groups in Mexican society; created in 1929 |
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| emphasis on domestic control of the economy |
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| pride in one's own culture |
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| Diego Rivera;Jose Clemente Orozco;David Alfaro Siqueiros |
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| great muralists during the 1920s and 30s in Mexico |
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| Mexican port that the US attacked in 1914 for imprisoning American sailors |
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| Nicaraguan who lead a guerrilla attack against the US in his country |
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| US president in 1930s who made the Good Neighbor Policy |
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| said that the US would be nice to people; withdrew troops in Haiti and Nicaragua and lifted the Platt Amendment |
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| limited Cuban independence; lifted under the Good Neighbor Policy |
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| people from Kenya who resented colonial rule and protested against the British policies |
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| women in Nigeria who denounced British policies and had the "Women's War" |
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| revolt when Ibo women in Nigeria denounced British policies and demanded a voice in decisions |
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| dry, infertal, crowded areas that South African blacks were sent to after being evicted from the best lands |
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| 1948 policy of strict racial seperation in South Africa; abolished in 1989 |
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| African National Congress (ANC) |
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| political party of educated Africans that worked to protest laws restricting the freedoms of black Africans |
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| 1920s movement that emphasized the unity of Africans and of African descent around the world;Marcus Garvey preached "Africa for Africans" |
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| Jamaican-born man who preached "Africa for Africans" even though he never visited Africa |
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| group led by W.E.B. DuBois in 1919 that met in Paris and included delegates from African colonies, the West Indies, and the United States ; established cooperation among African and African American leaders |
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| movement in which french-speaking writer in West Africa and the Caribbean further awakened self-confidence among Africans by expressing pride in their African roots |
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| Senegalese poet who celebrated Africa's rich cultural heritage during the negritude movement with his poem "Black Woman"; later became Senegal's first president |
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| Egyptian group of western-educated officials, peasants, landowners, Christians, and Muslims that launched strikes and riots against Britain |
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| Egypt's first king as an independent country in 1922 who was controlled by Britain |
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| 1930s group that Egyptians liked that fostered a broad Islamic nationalism that rejected western culture and denounced widespread corruption in the Egyptian government |
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| Mustafa Kemal/ Ataturk "father of the Turks" |
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| leader of Turkish nationalists who overthrew the sultan, defeated western occupation forces, and declared Turkey a republic |
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| the custom allowing men to have more than one wife; was banned with Ataturk in Turkey |
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| ambitious army officer in Iran in 1925 who overthrew the Pahlavi dynasty and made himself shah |
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| dynasty in Iran that was overthrown by Reza Khan in 1925 |
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| nationalist movement from the Arabian Peninsula through North Africa that emphasized a common history and language in Arab civilization |
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| First Arab Students' Conference |
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| conference whos national pact was "I am an Arab, and I believe that the Arabs constitute one nation. The sacred right of this nation is to be sovereign in her own affairs, to liberate the Arab homeland, to unite all its parts and to found distinctively Arab political, economic, and social institutions." |
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| territories administered by European nations set up by the Paris Peace Conference |
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| Jewish nationalists in Palestine (a British mandate) who wanted their own homeland |
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| founded the modern Zionist movement in 1897 to build a Jewish state in Palestine "our ever-memorable historical home" |
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| issued by Britain in 1917 to win support of European Jews; supported national home for Jews in Palestine, but said nothing should be done to the existing Arab communities - created conflict between Arab and Jewish people |
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| event in Northern India when British General Reginald Dyer killed many people in 10 minutes |
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| British commander who banned public meetings in Amritsar and killed many people in the massacre in 10 minutes |
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| party in India that called for full independence after Amritsar |
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| nickname for Gandhi meaning "great soul" |
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| new leader of the Congress party in India in 1920s |
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| "soul-force"; Gandhi's weapon of nonviolent (passive) resistance |
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| nonviolence and reverence for all life; Gandhi embraced this Hindu tradition |
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| American philosopher of the 1800s who believed in civil diobedience; Gandhi read his works |
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| the refusal to obey unjust laws |
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| simple white garment traditionally worn by village Indians that Gandhi dressed in |
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| symbol of the nationalist movement in India led by Gandhi |
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| Ghandi's law-breaking march on March 12, 1930 when thousands of people followed him to the sea where he picked up a lump of sat and said "with this, I am shaking the foundations of the British empire." |
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| leader of the Muslim League in the 1930s who supported a seperate state for Muslims called Pakistan- "land of the ritually pure" |
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| "father" of the Chinese revolution who told of China after the overthrow of the Qing dynasty saying "in comparison with other nations, we have the greatest population and the oldest culture, of 4,000 years' duration" |
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| Three Principles of the People |
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| principles on wich Sun Yixian wanted to rebuild China; attempt failed |
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| powerful general who made himself an emperor in 1912; opposition divided the nation - country in disorder |
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| demands put on China by Japan which sought to make China a Japanese protectorate; China gave in, they were too weak to resist |
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| 1919 movement when student protests erupted in Beijing and cities across China that organized the boycotts of Japanese goods |
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| played a key role in the May Fourth Movement; they joined marches and campaigned against traditional practices |
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| elite leaders of a communist revolution; Chinese communists formed their own political party |
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| Nationalist party that established a government in south China lead by Sun Yixian in 1921 |
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| young army officer who took over the Guomindang in 1925 |
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| party that Jiang Jieshi saw as a threat to his power and he attacked it , but they were still growing in numbers |
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| young Chinese revolutionary who believed that the Chinese Communists sould seek support among the large peasant masses; organized the peasants in southeastern China |
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| Jiang Jieshi's name for Communists |
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| series of events that Jiang Jieshi led against the "Red bandit" Communists |
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| extermination campaign led by Mao Zedong against Jiang Jieshi in which 100,000 people trekked for a year and recruted more people to become Communist |
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| area in northeastern China that Japan invaded in 1931 which caused Jiang Jieshi to unite with the Communists |
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| capital in China that Jiang Jieshi set up after the Japanese attacked Chinese cities in 1937 |
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| nickname for the Japanese siege of the important cultural city and former Nationalist capital of China which was very cruel and distructive |
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| emperor or Japan 1926-1989 who pledged "to preserve world peace and benefit the welfare of the human race" |
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| place where Hirohito was sworn in to being the emperor of Japan with purification rituals |
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| empress of Japan; wife of Hirohito |
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| powerful business leaders in Japan ; like the Medici family |
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| Japanese leading military officials and extreme nationalists |
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| Japanese name for Manchuria when they took it over |
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| pamphlet which became required reading in Japanese schools that criticized the Japanese adoption of western ideas |
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| Germany, Italy, and Japan who were allied and led to WWII |
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