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| the first American civilization |
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| located in the tropical forests along the Mexican Gulf Coast |
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| *best known for priestly leadership and religious devotion |
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| Located in the Yucatan Peninsula in southern Mexico (through much of Central America) |
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| They grew corn beans, squash, cotton, fruit trees and tropical flowers. |
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| Trade provided much of their wealth: honey, cocoa and feathers. |
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| They developed 365 day solar calendar. |
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| Build pyramid temples that were the tallest in the Americas until 1903. |
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| Decline began in 900AD when they abandoned their cities. No one knows why. |
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| Built channels(could be opened to drain off excess water. |
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| These Priests were very powerful. They performed Sacrifices. |
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| Located in Southern Mexico. |
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| Capital of Aztecs(present day Mexico City) Island on a lake. |
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| From 1200’s to mid 1500’s |
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| By 1500, this empire numbered about 30 million people. |
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| Required Tribute- payment from conquered people. |
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| Built “Floating Gardens”. |
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| Artificial (man-made) islands were used for growing crops. |
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| Built CANALS for transportation. |
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| DECLINE: Conquered people rebelled, Spanish invasion by Cortez, Disease from Europeans (small pox) |
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| Developed MEDICINE to treat fevers and wounds. |
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| Practiced human sacrifices on a much larger scales. |
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| Located in Peru along the Western coast of South America stretching 2,500 miles. |
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| Leader was a skilled warrior (Sapa Inca) and he had absolute power over the empire and was proclaimed god (divine). |
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| They believed in Reincarnation. |
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| The empire was so large it was divided into 4 regions. |
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| They made weapons of Bronze and Copper with bone tips. |
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| Used the COCA plant for many things. |
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| Records were kept on a QUIPU, a collection of knotted, colored strings. |
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| Built one of the greatest ROAD systems, over 12,000 miles to connect the empire. |
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| they understood Equinox and Solstices. |
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| Excelled in Medicine. Performed BRAIN SURGERY on the skull to relieve swelling caused by fluids with 80 – 90% success rate. |
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| Decline: Civil war broke out (between sons), Spanish invaders (Pizarro – 168 soldiers and 127 horses and Indians) and Disease. |
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| Incan city of ruins discovered 300 years later. |
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