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| Virtues the American people would need to govern themselves, such as self-reliance, industry, frugality, harmony, and the ability to sacrifice individual needs for the good of the community |
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| A society in which people are constantly moving about |
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| A religious movement of the early 1800s |
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| Focusing on emotionally powerful preaching, rather than formal ceremonies, and on the teachings of the Bible |
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| The people of a church; a religious gathering |
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| A gathering where people are "revived", or brought back to a religious life |
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| Area west of the Appalachian mountains |
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| An 1819 treaty between the United States and Spain, in which Spain ceded Florida to the United States; also called the Transcontinental Treaty |
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| To surrender officially or informally |
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| Argument that it was the undeniable fate of the United States to expand across North America |
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| An American fur trader who explored the Rocky Mountains and regions farther west in the early 1800s |
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| A trail from Independence, Missouri, to Oregon, used by many pioneers during the 1840s |
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| A low place in a mountain range that allows travelers to cross over to the other side |
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| A trail from Independence, Missouri, to Santa Fe, New Mexico, in the mid-1800s |
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| A mass migration to California following he discovery of gold in 1848 |
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| A town that has been abandoned due to lack of economic activity |
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| A vast grassland between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains |
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| People who move their homes regularly, usually in search of available food sources |
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| Forts built in the Southwest by the Spanish |
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| Texas War for Independence |
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A successful revolt by Texans against Mexican rule in
1835-1836 |
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| Capture by Mexican troops of a Texas-held mission in San Antonio in 1836 |
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