Term
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Definition
| external part of the ear with cartilage covered by sin and attached to the head |
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Term
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Definition
| bony ridge located over the temporal bone behind the pinna |
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Definition
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Definition
| mallesu (hammer) and the stapes ( stirrup) and theincus |
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Term
| how is the eardrum attahced |
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Definition
| to the bony ossicle, then the maleus |
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Term
| how is the mdidle ear separated from the inner ear |
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Definition
| round and the oval window |
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Term
| where does the eustachian tube begin |
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Definition
| at the floor of the middle ear and extends to the throat |
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Term
| what is contained int he middle ear |
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Definition
| bony ossicles, malleus,s tpes, eardrum |
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Term
| what is contained in the inner ear |
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Definition
| semicircular canas'cochleaorgan of corti and the vetibule |
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Term
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Definition
| tubes made of cartilage and contain hair follicles and fluid conected to sensory nerves |
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Term
| cochlea what is it and what does the lfuid here protect |
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Definition
| spiral organ of hearing filled with endolymph to protect the chochlea and semicircular cancals |
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Term
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Definition
| recpetor of hearing located in the baslar membrane of the cochlea |
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Term
| what contain hair cells that detect vibraiton of sound and stimulate the eight cranila nerve |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| small oval shaped bony chamber between the semicircular canasl and the cochlea |
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Term
| explain the funciton of hearing |
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Definition
| sound waves strike the mastoid and nonmovable eardrum creating vibrations, this is then tranferred from the eardrum to the malleus , the incus, and the stapes from the stapes the are transmitted to the cochlea |
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Term
| what do the recpetors at the cholclea do with sound |
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Definition
| change the vibrations into action potential and thenc onduct them to the brain0\-8th cranial nerve |
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Term
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Definition
| spinning sensation/ ringing in the ears |
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Term
| wht are some things to ask a pt with a potential hearingproblem |
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Definition
ear itch
health problems that decrease blood lfow to the ear
vitiligosmoking
vitaminb deficiency |
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Term
| how can vitiligo affect hearing |
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Definition
| loos of melanin cells in the inner ear that can cause hearing loss |
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Term
| what are two genetic risks for heairng loss |
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Definition
| down syndrom and those with osteogenisis imperfecta |
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Term
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Definition
| intolerance for sound levles that do not bother other people |
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Term
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Definition
| painless nodule on the pinna |
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Term
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Definition
| ligth appears as outlined triangle |
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Term
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Definition
| from physical obstruction of sound waves like a foreing object |
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Term
| sensorineural hearing loss |
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Definition
| defect in the cochlea the eight cranila nerve or the brian iteself |
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Term
| mixed conductive-sensorialneurla hearing loss |
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Definition
| from both conductive and sersorineural |
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Term
| normal tests results from weber tuning fork test |
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Definition
| middle of the pt head and it should be heard equally in both ears |
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Term
| when the weber test produces sound that is louder in one ear over the other what is this called |
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Definition
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Term
| rhinnetunign fork test what should be normal |
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Definition
| should be hear longer on air conduction then ears and bones- fork is on the mastoid process and then when they cant hear it is it placed in the air |
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Term
| intesity of sound/ threashold of sound |
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Definition
| decibles/ lowest level of sound heard |
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Term
| what is the lowest sound normal young ears can hear |
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Definition
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Term
| what decible is so intense that it is painful |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| pure air tone ocnduciton testinf |
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Definition
| determines if a person hears normally- test thru earphones from differnet threashold |
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Term
| pure tone bone conduciton test |
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Definition
| to determine if a hearing loss is conductive or sensineural |
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Term
| speech reception threashold |
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Definition
| minimus loudness at which pt can repeat simple words to determie how loud a speech si heard well enough to repeat it correctly |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| if the pt can discriminat amoung similar sounds and words |
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Term
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Definition
| brainstem evoked responses- electordes are placed on the scalp to determine conductive or sensineuroal hearing loss |
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Term
| why is nystagmus tested even with the ears |
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Definition
| beacuse the eyes and ears work together for balance |
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Term
| what should the pt do before an electonystagmography |
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Definition
| fast and avoid caffienif they have a pscemaker they can not do this test |
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Term
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Definition
| evaluates the vestibular portion of the auditory nerve with warm water or warm air that is infused into the ear |
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Term
| what si a normal response for caloric tsting |
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Definition
| onset of vertigo and nystagmus within 20 t 30 seconds |
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Term
| dix hallpike testing for vertigo |
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Definition
| use postion changes from sitting to standing to see if vertigo is present |
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Term
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Definition
| painful when an irritaing agent is in contact with the skin of the external ear |
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Term
| when does external otits most often odcur and what else is it known as |
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Definition
| in hot humid weather- swimmer itch |
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Term
| what is the most virulent fomr of external otis and what happens |
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Definition
| necrotizing or malignant- when organisms spread beyond the externale ar |
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Term
| opiods may be given for pain with external otitis what may be done whenthe inflammation and pain has subsided |
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Definition
| rubbing alcohol mixed with white vinegar and water to keep it clean and dry and prevent reoccurances |
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Term
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Definition
| usually form staphn of the hair follicle |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the tough fibrous layer that surrouds the cartilage and shapes the pinna |
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Term
| when infection occurs between the perichondrium and the cartilage what happnes |
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Definition
| blood flow to the cartilage is deformed a |
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Term
| how can perichonditis occur |
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Definition
| from high helical ear peircing |
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Term
| if a person is doing cercum removal with fludi what should they do if they start with n/v |
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Definition
| stop the process immedialtely |
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Term
| what to do if theres an insect int he ear |
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Definition
| try to get it out with a flashlight then if that doesnt work it needs to be killed before removal with mineral oil or alchol |
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Term
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Definition
| infecting agent in the middle ear that causes inflammtion leading to swelling and irritaiton of the middle ear |
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Term
| why would a person have chronic otits media |
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Definition
| from biofilms created in the ear- a biofilm is a community of bacteria that work together to overcome the host |
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Term
| what may the pt with otitis media notice while yawning |
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Definition
| cracking sound in the ear |
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Term
| the pt with otitis media have vertigo |
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Definition
| as the pressure pushed against the inner ear they will experience this |
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Term
| what is found on scope exams with otits media 1st thru the 3rd stage |
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Definition
| eardrum is retracted may appear red at the thrid stage the eardrum becomes red thicken and buldging |
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Term
| if a pt has an eardrum that ruptures with otits media what is notices |
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Definition
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Term
| mastoiditis what is ti and hows it caused |
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Definition
| infection of the air cells caused by untreated or inadequate treated media |
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Term
| what are the s/s of mastoiditis is it releived with a tubes |
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Definition
| swelling behind the ear and pain with movements of the tagus pain is not releived by a myringotomy |
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Term
| cellultis can occur with mastoiditis what iwll this look lie |
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Definition
| the ear may be pushed odwn or sideways |
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Term
| on microscopic examination of one with mastoidist what is seen |
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Definition
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Term
| what are some complicaitons of mastoidtis to the cranial nerves |
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Definition
VI (decreasing the ability to look sideways)
VII (drooping of the mouth) |
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Term
| how long can it take for a perforated eardrum to heal |
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Definition
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Term
| neoplasm of the ear what is the most common type and where does it arise |
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Definition
| tumore of the middle ear are rare the most ocmomon type is glomus jugulare that begins as a leision from the jugular vein |
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