Term
| where do most herniated disc often occur |
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Definition
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Term
| buldgin herniated nuicleus pupossus in the lumbosacral area can cause what |
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Definition
| pressing on the sciatic nerve that can cause sever stabbing pain that radiates dwon the leg |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when one vertebrea slips forward on the one belwo it this can press of nerve roots leading to pain in the lower back and butt |
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Term
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Definition
| narrowing of the spinal cancal in those usually over 50 |
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Term
| what has beeen linked to back pain and deeneration |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| applied science in the workplace to icrease the workers comfort and reduce injury o the back |
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Term
| if the sciatic nerve is pressed where is the pain |
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Definition
| when the persons leg is straight or lifted upward |
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Term
| williams position for lower back pain |
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Definition
| semi fowlers with apillow under the knees to keep them flexed |
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Term
| why are opiods usually avoided in those with lower back pain |
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Definition
| because they are no more effective then nonsteroidal analgesic and should be avoided |
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Term
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Definition
| topicaldrug flollowed by continuous ultrasound |
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Term
| iontrophoresis WHAT IS IT SIMILAR TO AND WHAT DO BOTH OF THESE PROCEDURES DO FOR BACK PAIN |
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Definition
| similar to that of phonophoresis both of thesse procedures push the medicaitons deper sub Q AND PROVEID LONGER PAIN RELEIF |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| if csf is around the dressing after surgery what should be done |
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Definition
| notify the surgeon- pt is usually kept on flat bed rest |
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Term
| if a pt is unable to void following back surgery what could that mean |
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Definition
| damge to the sacral spinal area and detrusor muscles |
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Term
| what is the correct way to reposition a pt with back surgery |
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Definition
| log rolling, pt is turned while back is striaght |
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Term
| what are some techniques used for cervial neck pain with pt |
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Definition
shoulder shrugs
shoulder squeeze
seated row |
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Term
| who usually cares for those with an acute spinal injury |
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Definition
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Term
| what can a spinal cord injury lose funciton of |
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Definition
| sensation reflexes bowel and bladder control |
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Term
| what is a complete spinal cord injury what is an incomplete injury |
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Definition
the spinal cord is severly damged in a way that eliminates all innervations below the level of the injury
incomplete is when there is still some funciton left below the level of injury |
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Term
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Definition
| head is suddenly accelerated forward |
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Term
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Definition
| when a vehicle is struck from behind and the head accelerates the decelerates |
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Term
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Definition
| vertical compression when a jump occurs and the person lands on the feet or a blow to th top of the head |
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Term
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Definition
| turning the head beond normal range |
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Term
| secondary injuries with spinal injuries |
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Definition
| worsent the primary injury |
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Term
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Definition
| occur suddenly as a cord response to an injury the pt has loss of motor and sensory reflex and it usually lasts 49 hrs but can go on for several weeks |
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Term
| how can you test a spinal cord injured persons sensory |
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Definition
| have them close their eyes and touch them with a cotton tipped and ask if they can feel it |
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Term
| hypoestherisa/ hypertheisa |
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Definition
| decresed sensation/ increased sensation |
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Term
| what is the six point gradin scale and whats a 0- 5? |
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Definition
| spinal scale to asess funciton/ 0 is no movement and a 5 is normal strength agaisnt resistance |
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Term
| what injury does a pt have if they can flex their arms but can not extend them |
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Definition
| 5th or 6th cervical vertebrae |
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Term
| cardiovascular dysfuntion from a disruption of the ans is especially true if there is an injury above what vertebrae |
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Definition
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Term
| what is a sing of loss of sympathetic input from an above 6th vertebrae injury |
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Definition
| bradycardia hypotension and hypothermia |
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Term
| a lack of sympathetic response can cause the pt to lose thermoregulatory functions why/ what temp does the body take over |
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Definition
| lack of hypothalamic control causes the body to attempt to take the temperature of the enviroment around them |
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Term
| why is a pt with a spinal injury at risk for breathing problems |
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Definition
| there is an interruption from spinanl intervation to the respiratory muslces |
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Term
| autonomic dysfunciton can cause areflexic bladder |
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Definition
| no refelx for bladder contraction which can lead to urinary retention |
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Term
| what are some complications from long term spinal injuries and prolonged immobility |
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Definition
muslce wasting
skin breakdown
heterotopic ossification |
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Term
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Definition
| bony overgrwoth into muscle from prolonged immobility |
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Term
| pt with a leve t6 are especially at risk for respiratory problems why |
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Definition
| these are from complications of impaired funcitoning of the intercoastol muscles and decreased mobility |
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Term
| what can you teach a pt who is tetrapalegic to do to cough |
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Definition
| cough assis place both hand on eithere side of the rib cage below the diaphram and push upward to exapnd lungs and cough |
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Term
| neurogenic shock usually will occur in 24 hrs with a pt with a t6 injury what will you monitor for |
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Definition
sever bradycardia
warm dry skin
sever hypotension |
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Term
| halo fixation is used to fix a cervial spine injury it is worn for 8 week how is it place in th ept |
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Definition
| four pins are inserted into the skull and attached to a special vest |
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Term
| what are some common complications from a halo device |
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Definition
infection looses pins
scarring
osteomyletis |
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Term
| what medicaiton is perscribed with spinal cord injuries |
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Definition
| solumedrol (*methylpredisoe) to decrease inflammation |
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Term
| what will be used if the pt becomes severly bradycardia |
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Definition
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Term
| decompression laminectomy |
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Definition
| rmoval of one or more laminae to allow for cord expansion |
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Term
| why does a person with a spinal injury at risk fro blackouts and syncope |
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Definition
| because ther si a disruption in the psinal cord and it doesnt always allow the blood up to the brain |
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Term
| how can you direct a pt with a flaccid bladder to empth=y bladder |
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Definition
| valsalva maneuver or tightening ab muscles |
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Term
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Definition
excessive uncontrolled sympathetic output
headache
b\rady
nasal stuffiness and flushing |
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Term
| emergency interventions for those with autonomic dysreflexia 4 |
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Definition
sitting position
looses tight clothes
check bladder distention
give nitrates |
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Term
| what does sexula funciton after a spinal injury depend on |
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Definition
| level and extent of the injury |
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Term
| expalin sexual function and diferent levels of lesions for spinal injuries |
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Definition
incomplete- control over some sensation
complete - no control
men above t6 injury can still have an erection, ejaculation may be less predicatable |
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Term
| what areosme instructions for the pt with a halo device 4 |
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Definition
use straws to drink\
bed baths or baths
do not drive
wrap pins with cloth before going in the cold |
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Term
| what are the most common complication later with a spinal injury and what is done to prevent it |
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Definition
| repiratory infections get a f lu shot |
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Term
| what is the most common problem with a spinal tumor |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| stabbing or dull pain that increases during coughing or lying flat |
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Term
| what are some sings of cortocospinal tract porblems |
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Definition
ataxia
hypotonia
babinskis sign |
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Term
| multiple sclerosis what is it and whos it affect |
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Definition
affects the mylin sheath and condution of the path to the cns
young adults and has periods of exacterbation and remission |
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Term
| what is the patho behind MS |
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Definition
inflammatory response with patchy areas of plaque in the white matter of the cns this dymelinates
impulses are still transmitted but not as well |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs in MS symptoms develop but then the pt retunrs to basline |
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Term
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Definition
| steady deteroation without remission |
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Term
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Definition
| begins with a relapse that later becomes steadily progressive |
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Term
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Definition
| frequent relapses with partial recovrey but never returns to baseline |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
sensitivty to temps
flexor spasms
hyperactivedeep reflexes
positive babinskis |
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Term
| intention tremor and dysmetria with MS |
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Definition
| tremors when performing acitivy/ inability to direct movement |
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Term
| what should you ask the pt during an assesment with ms |
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Definition
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Term
| what are 5 typical findings in pupils with MS |
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Definition
double vision'decreased vision
blured vision
sctomas ( changesin visual field)
nystagmus ( involuntary rapid eye movemtn) |
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Term
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Definition
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