Term
| What organs are contained within the female pelvis? |
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Definition
Uterus
Vagina
Uterine or fallopian tubes
Ovaries
Urinary bladder
Pelvic colon |
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Term
| What forms the outer boundaries of the pelvic cavity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What lies deep to the boney osseous pelvis? |
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Definition
| The skeletal muscles that line the pelvic cavity |
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Term
| What do the urogenital folds from embrionic development contain? |
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Definition
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Term
Where are the gonads originally located?
When do they move?
Where do they move? |
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Definition
In cephalad position
Descend during fetal development
Into true pelvis
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Term
| What is the precursor to the mesonephros, urogenital sinus, Wolffian or mesonephric ducts & Mullerian or paramesonephic ducts? |
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Definition
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Term
| What fetal structures become the urinary system? |
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Definition
| Mesonephros & urogenital sinus |
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Term
| What fetal structure becomes the male genital tract? |
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Definition
| The Woffian or mesonephric ducts |
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Term
| What fetal structure becomes the female genital tract? |
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Definition
| Mullarian or paramesonephic ducts |
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Term
| What happens to the Wolffian or mesonephic ducts & Mullerian or paramesonephic ducts in female development? |
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Definition
The Wolffian ducts degenerate.
The Mullerian ducts fuse at midline to form the vagina, the uterus & fallopian tubes. |
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Term
| What is the most common malformation of the female genital tract? |
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Definition
| Bicornuate uterus (heart shaped) |
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Term
| How is a bicornuate uterus recognized sonographically? |
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Definition
| Two endometrial canals that usually conect at the level of the cervix |
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Term
| Which view best to visualize a bicornuate uterus? |
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Definition
| Short axis or transverse view |
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Term
| What are examples of congenital ovarian malformations? |
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Definition
Unilateral Mullarian or paramesonephic duct anomaly
Gonadal dysgenisis
Acessory, lobulated or supernumerary ovaries
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Term
| What congenital ovaian malformation appears as uterus-like paraovariam mass characterized by a thick smooth muscle wall? |
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Definition
| Unilateral Mullarian or paramesonephic duct anomaly |
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Term
| What congenital ovaian malformation is characterized by the absence of both ovaries? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is unilateral ovarian dysgenesis common? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are accessory, lobulated or supernumerary ovaries common or rare? |
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Definition
| They are among the most rare of gynecologic malformations |
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Term
| Where is the pelvic cavity located? |
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Definition
| The part of the paritoneal cavity that extends from the iliac crests superiorly to the pelvic diaphram inferiorly |
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Term
| What are the 3 descriptive regions in the pelvis? |
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Definition
R Iliac
L Iliac
Hypogastic region
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Term
| What are the 2 structurally continuous regions that comprise the pelvic cavity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What arbitrary line divides the true & false pelvis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What landmark determines where the linea terminalis lies? |
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Definition
| Sacral promintory posteriorly and the pubic symphysis anteriorly |
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Term
| Which direction does the pelvis tilt? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another name for the false pelvis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the false pelvis lie? |
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Definition
| The more superior aspect of the pelvic cavity which extends fromt he iliac crests superiorly to the linea terminalis inferiorly |
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Term
| What is another name for the true pelvis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the true pelvis lie? |
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Definition
| The more inferior aspect of the pelvic cavity which extends from the linea terminalis superiorly to the pelvis diaphram inferiorly |
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Term
| What are situated within the true pelvis? |
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Definition
| Urinary bladder, various loops of small bowel, genital tract & ovaries |
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Term
| Where is the nonpregnant uterus situated? |
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Definition
| In the hypogastic region of the peritoneal cavity in the true pelvis between the urinary bladder anteriorly and the rectum posteriorly |
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Term
| Where is the cervix located? |
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Definition
| At right angles to the vagina |
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Term
| Where is the vagina located? |
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Definition
| In the hypogastic region of the peritoneal cavity between the urniary bladder & uretha anteriorly and the rectum posteriorly |
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Term
| How does the vagina extend? |
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Definition
| Superior to inferior from the uterus to the external genitalia |
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Term
| Where is the exterior orifice of the vagina located? |
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Definition
| Posterior to the urethral orifice between the labia minora |
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Term
| Where do the uterine or fallopian tubes extend? |
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Definition
| From the uterus to the ovaries |
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Term
| Where do the uterine or fallopian tubes course? |
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Definition
| Within the peritoneal folds of the broad ligaments |
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Term
| Where do the uterine or fallopian tubes lie in relation to the uterus? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do the uterine or fallopian tubes lie in relation to the ovaries? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do the uterine or fallopian tubes lie in relation to the urinary bladder? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Peritoneal cavity spaces located posterior to the broad ligaments. |
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Term
| Even though the ovary position is variable, they never move where? |
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Definition
| Anterior to the uterus or broad ligaments |
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Term
| During a pregnancy it is common for what to happen to the ovaries? |
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Definition
| They become displaced & never return to their original position |
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Term
| The ovaries in a nulliparous woman lie where? |
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Definition
| Craniocaudal long axis direction on the iliopsoas muscle bewteen the external iliac vessels anteriorly and the interior iliac vessels & ureters posteriorly |
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Term
| Where is the urinary bladder fixed? |
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Definition
| Anchored to the pelvis by the pubovesical & lateral ligaments. It is fixed anteriorly at its base in the true pelvis posterior to the public symphysis and anterior to the uterus & vagina |
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Term
| What is the location of the superior portion of the urinary bladder? |
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Definition
| It varies depending upon the amount of urine in the bladder. It can extend into the false pelvis, displacing movable pelvic organs & loops of small bowel. |
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Term
| What parts of the colon are contained within the pelvis? |
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Definition
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Term
| The sigmoid colon lies within which part of the pelvis? |
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Definition
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Term
| The sigmoid colon is continuous with which part of the colon? In which abdominopelvic cavity? |
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Definition
| Descending colon in the LLQ |
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Term
| What loosely attaches the sigmoid colon to the posterior pelvic wall? |
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Definition
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Term
| What ligaments provide rigid support for the uterine cervix? |
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Definition
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Term
| What ligaments extend from the cornua to the anterior wall of the pelvis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What ligaments maintain the anterior bend of the normal anteverted uterus? |
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Definition
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Term
| The sigmoid colon descends towards the rectum & the infroposterior aspect of the pelvis at the level of the _______ sacral vertebra. |
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Definition
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Term
| The rectum is situated _______ to the vagina, is in a fixed postion & is largely retroperitoneal. |
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Definition
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Term
| What bones does the pelvic skeleton contain? |
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Definition
| Sacrum, coccyx & inominate bones |
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Term
| What bones constitute the distal segment of the verterbral spine & form the posterior border of the pelvic cavity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What bones encircle most of the pelvic cavity, forming it's lateral and anterior margins? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the inominate bones comprised of? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do the inominate bones join? |
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Definition
Posteriorly at the sacrum & coccyx
Anteriorly at the pubis or pubic symphysis |
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Term
| What two external palpable landmarks aid in evaluating the pelvis? |
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Definition
Iliac crests of inominate bones superiorly
Pubic symphysis |
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Term
| What are the prominate paired muscles that extend across the posterior wall of the posterior pelvic cavity? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do the psoas muscles originate & where do they course? |
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Definition
| Lateral aspect of the of the lower thorasic vertebra and the course anterolaterally in their descent to the iliac crest. |
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Term
| What are the names of the false pelvis muscles? |
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Definition
| Iliopsoas, Rectus abdominus, & Transversus abdominus |
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Term
| What bundles does the joining of the psoas major muscle and iliacus muscle form? |
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Definition
| Iliopsoas bundles of the false pelvis |
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Term
| Where does the iliopsoas course & insert? |
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Definition
| Courses anteriorly along the linea terminalis to travel over the pelvic brim & insert intot he lesser trochanter of the femur |
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Term
| What muscle forms much of the anterior wall of the abdominopelvic cavity? It extends from the 6th rib & xyphoid process to the pubic symphysis. |
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Definition
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Term
| These paired muscles are intersected by transverse tendonous bands and are wrapped in a muscular sheath that fuses with transversus abdominus muscles to form the linea alba. |
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Definition
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Term
| These muscles fuse with the rectus sheath to form the linea alba. |
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Definition
| Transversus abdominus muscles |
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Term
| The midline structure that forms by the fusing of the transverus abdomninus muscles & the rectus sheath. |
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Definition
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Term
| This forms anterolateral borders of the abdominopelvic cavity. |
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Definition
| Transversus abdominus muscles |
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|
Term
| This muscle group lies deep to the internal & external oblique muscles. |
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Definition
| Transversus Abdominus muscles |
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|
Term
| What are the muscles of the true pelvis? |
|
Definition
Obturator Internus
Piriformis
Pelvis diaphram (which consists of the pubococcygeus & iliococcygeus or levator ani muscle & the coccygeus) |
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Term
| What muscles originate along the arcuate line of the inominate bones & course parallel to the lateral walls of the true pelvis? |
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Definition
| Obturator inturnus muscles |
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Term
| What triangular muscles narrow inferiorly to pass through the lesser sciatic notch? |
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Definition
| Obturator internus muscles |
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Term
| What muscle is secured to the medial aspect of the greater trochanter? |
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Definition
| Obturator internus muscles |
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Term
| The internal surface of which muscle is covered by a tough membranous layer called the obturator fascia? |
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Definition
| Obturator internus muscles |
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Term
| What muscle originates at the most posterior aspect of the true pelvis along the lower portion of the sacrum, posterior to the uterus? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the piriformis travel and where does it attach? |
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Definition
| Travels anterolateraly narrowing to pass through the greater sciatic notch & attaches at the superior aspect of the greater trochanter |
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|
Term
| What is the group of skeletal muscles lining the floor of the true pelvis & supporting the pelvic organs? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| This muscular floor is composed of 3 paired muscles: the pubococcygeus, the iliococcygeus & coccygeus |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The most medial & anterior muscle pair of the pelvic diaphram that eztends from the pubic bones to the coccyx, encircling urethra, vagina & rectum |
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Definition
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|
Term
| These paired muscles are located lateral to the pubococcygeus muscles & extend from the obturator fascia & ischial spine anteriorly to the coccyx posteriorly |
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Definition
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Term
| What muscles form a hammock across the floor of the true pevis & are termed the levator ani muscles? |
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Definition
| Pubococcygeus & iliococcygeus muscles |
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Term
| What muscles provide primary support of the pelvic viscera & aid in the contraction the vagina and rectum? |
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Definition
| Levator ani muscles (pubococcygeus & iliococcygeus muscles) |
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Term
| What muscles are the most posterior muscle pair of the pelvic diaphram & extend from the ishial spine to the sacrum & coccyx? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the pelvic ligaments |
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Definition
| Cup, broil, cardinal, uterosacral, pubovesicle, broad, round, ovarian, infundibulopelvic & lateral ligaments |
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