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| term coined by Mark Twain to describe the post-Reconstruction era |
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| doctrine stating that government should not interfere in private business |
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| a payment by the government to encourage the development of certain key industries |
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| regulation that prohibited certain private activities people considered immoral, such as drinking alcohol on Sundays |
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| the government's non-elected workers |
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| Pendelton Civil Service Act |
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| 1883 law that created a Civil Service Commission and stated that federal employess could not be required to contribute campaign funds nor be fired for political reasons |
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| 1877 Supreme Court decision that allowed states to regulate certain businesses within their borders |
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| a large open area beneath a ship's deck, often used to house traveling immigrants |
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| a time of isolation to prevent the spread of disease |
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| an area in which one ethnic or racial group dominates |
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| an agreement among homeowners not to sell real estate to certain groups of people, especially Jews or African Americans |
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| Law passed in 1882 that prohibits Chinese laborers from entering the country, did not prevent those who had previously established US residence |
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| a 1907 agreement between the US and Japan that restricted Japanese immigration |
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| a residential community surrounding a city |
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| a low-cost apartment building that usually has low standards of sanitation, safety and comfort and is designed to house as many families as possible |
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| a tenement building that narrowed in the middle, creating airshafts on either side, and allowed light and air into the rooms |
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| an unofficial city organization designed to keep a particular party or group in power and usually heade by a single, powerful boss |
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| use of one's job to gain profit; a major source of income for political machines |
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| a social reform movement that developed within religious institutions and sought to aapply the teaching of Jesus directly to society |
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| community center organized to offer variuos services to the urban poor |
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| the study of how people interact with one another in a society |
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| a policy of favoring native-born Americans over immigrants |
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| an organized campaign to eliminate alcohol comsumption |
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| a ban on the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages |
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| immoral or corrupt behavior |
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