Term
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Definition
| a government controlled by a temporary alliance of several political parties |
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Term
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Definition
| The republic that was established in Germany in 1919 and ended in 1933. |
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Term
| What were the problems of the Weimar Republic? |
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Definition
| It was weak. There were too many political parties. Millions of Germans blamed the Weimar Republic for their country's loss in WW I. |
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Term
| What were the lasting effects of the Great Depression? |
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Definition
| Many social and economic programs were introduced around the world to combat the Great Depression, and those programs are still operating. |
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Term
| Economic problems in Germany after WW I. |
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Definition
| During WW I, Germany didn't raise taxes, so they just printed money to pay the bills. So their money lost value. Then there was severe INFLATION where everything kept getting more and more expensive. So people couldn't afford to buy anything. |
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Term
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Definition
| A plan for how Germany could repay its war debts. A committee headed by American Charles Dawe came up with it. They loaned Germany $200 million. |
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Term
| What was the result of the Dawes Plan? |
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Definition
| It slowed inflation in Germany, so German companies started doing better. |
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Term
| Who were Stresemann and Briand, and what did they do? |
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Definition
Stresemann was the German foreign minister. Briand was the French foreign minister.
They signed a treaty promising that Germany and France would never again make war on each other. |
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Term
| Kellogg-Briand peace pact |
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Definition
| A treaty signed by Kellogg (U.S. Secretary of State) and Briand (French foreign minister). It renounced war as an instrument of national policy. |
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Definition
| An international association formed after WW I with the goal of keeping peace between nations. The U.S. didn't join it. |
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Term
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Definition
| First U.S. president to be elected after the Great Depression. Began a program called the New Deal to help give jobs to people. |
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Term
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Definition
| Franklin D. Roosevelt's economic reform program designed to solve the problems created by the Great Depression. |
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Term
| What caused the Great Depression? |
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Definition
| 1) Too many people were too poor to buy the goods being produced, so stores couldn't sell anything. 2) Technology advances let more food being produced, but it was too much so prices dropped. Farmers couldn't pay their loans, so banks started to fail. 3) People gambled on the stock market. |
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Term
| What was the Stock Market Crash? |
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Definition
| Everyone started to sell their stocks, so the stock values dropped very fast. People who once were millionaires suddenly became poor. It was the beginning of the Great Depression. |
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Term
| What did the American Government do to try to fix the Great Depression? |
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Definition
| Congress placed high tariffs on imported goods, trying to get people to buy American products. This didn't work. It set off a chain reaction where other countries set tariffs. World trade dropped 65 percent and unemployment got much worse. |
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Term
| How did the Great Depression affect Europe? |
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Definition
| Austria's largest bank failed, which caused a panic in Europe and made their economies worse. |
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Term
| How did the Great Depression affect Japan? |
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Definition
| Economy slumped. Crop failures led to a lot of people starving (famine) and they had to eat tree bark to stay alive. Many lost their jobs in the cities and had to move back to the country. |
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Term
| How did the Great Depression affect Latin America? |
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Definition
| Prices for its products (sugar, beef, copper, and tin) dropped. Costs for imported goods rose. They had borrowed a lot of money from other countries, and they had no way to pay it back. |
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Term
| How did Britain respond to the economic crisis of the Great Depression? |
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Definition
| Created a multi-party coalition known as the National Government. Passed high tariffs, increased taxes, regulated the currency. |
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Term
| How did France respond to the economic crisis caused by the Great Depression? |
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Definition
| Had great political instability. Five different governments formed and fell. The Popular Front (coalition government) passed reforms to help workers. |
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Term
| What was the Popular Front? |
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Definition
| French coalition government that passed reforms to help workers. |
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Term
| How did Scandinavian countries react to the Great Depression? |
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Definition
| Raised taxes, started more social programs for people. |
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