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| Any body part attached to a main structure |
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| Place of union between two or more bones; also called joint |
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| Lattice-like arrangement of bony plates occurring at the ends of long bones |
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| Ligaments that cross each other, forming an X within the notch between the femoral condyles |
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| Production and development of blood cells, normally in the bone marrow |
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| moves closer to the midline |
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| moves away from the midline |
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| decreases the angle at a joint |
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| increases the angle at a joint |
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| moves a bone around its own axis |
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| moves the sole of the foot inward |
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| moves the sole of the foot outward |
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| lowers the foot (points the toes) |
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| lamina (part of the vertebral arch) |
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| acromion (projection of the scapula) |
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| neck; cervix uteri (neck of the uterus) |
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| fibula (smaller bone of the lower leg) |
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| ilium (lateral, flaring portion of the hip bone) |
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| ischium (lower portion of the hip bone) |
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| phalanges (bones of the fingers and toes) |
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| pelvis bone (anterior part of the pelvic bone) |
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| radiation, x-ray; radius (lower arm bone on the thumb side |
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| tibia (larger bone of the lower leg) |
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| rod-shaped (striated) muscle |
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| band, fascia (fibrous membrane supporting and separating muscles) |
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| synovial membrane, synovial fluid |
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| binding, fixation (of a bone of joint) |
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| malignant tumor of connective tissue |
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| Stiffening and immobility of a joint as a result of disease, trauma, surgery, or abnormal bone fusion |
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| Deformity characterized by lateral deviation of the great toe as it turns in toward the second toe (angulation), which may cause the tissues surrounding the joint to become swollen and tender |
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| carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) |
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| Painful condition resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel (wrist canal through which the flexor tendons and the median nerve pass |
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| Fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint. |
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| Dry, grating, sound of sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction |
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| increase in severity of a disease or any of its sx; also called flare |
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| Fluid-filled tumor that most commonly develops along the tendons or joint of the wrists or hands, but may also appear in the feet. |
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| Effusion of blood into a joint cavity |
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| Rupture of a vertebral disk's center (nucleus pulposus) through its outer edge and back toward the spinal canal with pressure on the adjacent spinal nerve that results in pain, numbness, or weakness in one or both legs. |
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| Loss of muscular tone or a diminished resistance to passive stretching |
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| Malignant tumor of plasma cells (cells that help the body fight infection by producing abx) in the bone marrow |
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| Perceived sensation, following amputation of a limb, that the limb still exists |
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| form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency; also called rachitis |
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| Fragment of necrosed bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue |
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| Any slipping (subluxation) of a vertebra from its normal position in relationship to the one beneath it |
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| Degeneration of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae and related tissues |
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| tearing of ligament tissue that may be slight, moderate, or complete |
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| muscular trauma caused by violent contraction or an excessive forcible stretch |
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| Partial or incomplete dislocation |
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| Congenital deformity of one of both feet in which the foot is pulled downward and laterally to the side; also called clubfoot |
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| Use of electrical stimulation to dx the health of muscles and the nerve cells that control them (motor neurons) |
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| procedure that restores a bone to its normal position |
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| reduction in which fractures bones are realigned by manipulation rather than surgery |
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| reduction in which fx bones are placed in their proper position during surgery |
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| procedure used to restrict movement, stabilize, and protect a fx, and facilitate the healing process |
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| casting bone immobilization |
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| bone immobilization by application of a solid, stiff dressing formed with plaster of Paris or similar material |
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| splinting bone immobilization |
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| bone immobilization by application of an orthopedic device to the injured body part |
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| traction bone immobilization |
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| bone immobilization by application of weights and pulleys to align or immobilize a fx |
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| Partial or complete removal of an extremity due to trauma or a circulatory disease |
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| puncture of a joint space using a needle to remove accumulated fluids |
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| Surgical breaking of an ankylosed joint to provide movement |
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| visual examination of the interior of a joint and its structures using a thin, flexible fiberoptic scope called an arthroscope that contains a magnifying lens, fiberoptic light, and miniature camera that projects images on a monitor |
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| Implantation of transplantation to bone tissue from another part of the body or from another person to serve as replacement for damaged or missing bone tissue |
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| Excision of bursa (pad-like sac or cavity found in connective tissue, usually i the vicinity of joints. |
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| excision of the posterior arch of a vertebra |
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| replacement of a missing part of an artificial substitute, such as an artificial extremity |
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| surgery repeated to correct problems of a previously unsuccessful surgery or to replace a worn-out prosthesis |
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| revision surgery to correct misalignment of bones, broken prosthesis, and bone fx occurring around the prosthesis |
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| excision of a sequestrum (segment of a necrosed bone) |
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| excision of a synovial membrane |
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| total hip replacement (THR) |
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| surgical procedure to replace a hip joint damaged by a degenerative disease, commonly arthritis |
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| series of radiographs taken after injection of contrast material into a joint cavity, especially the knee or shoulder, to outline the contour of the joint |
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| bone density test (bone densitometry) |
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| Noninvasive procedure that uses low-energy x-ray absorption to measure bone mineral density (BMD) and usually measures bones of the spine, hip, and forearm; also called dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) |
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| Radiological examination of the intervertebral disk structures with injection of a contrast medium |
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| lumbosacral spinal radiography |
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| Radiography of the five lumbar vertebrae and the fused sacral vertebrae, including anteroposterior, lateral, ad oblique views of the lower spine |
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| radiography of the spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium to identify and study spinal distortions caused by tumors, cysts, herniated intervertebral disks, or other lesions |
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| Nuclear medicine procedure that visualizes various tissues and organs after administration of a radionuclide |
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| Scintigraphy in which the radionuclide is injected intravenously and taken up into the bone |
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