Term
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Definition
| condition without speech; impairment due to localized brain injury that affects understanding, retrieving and formulating meaningful and sequential elements of language |
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Definition
| condition of difficult articulation; group of related speech impairments that may affect the speed, range, direction, strength, and timing of motor movement as a result of paralvsis, r,veakness,or incoordination of speech muscles |
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| general term referring to levels of decreased consciousness u,ith varying responsiveness; a common method of assessmentis the Glasgow coma |
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Definition
| state of mental confusion due to disturbances in cerebral function-there are many causes, including fever, shock, or drug overdose |
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Definition
| impairment of intellectual function characterized by memory loss, disorientation, and confusion |
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Definition
| lossor impairment of muscle function |
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Definition
| lossor impairment of sensation |
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Term
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Definition
| pain along the course of a nerve |
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Definition
| temporary or permanent loss of motor control |
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Term
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Definition
| defective (flabby) or absent muscle control caused by a nerve lesion |
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Term
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Definition
| stiff and awkward muscle control caused by a central nervous system disorder |
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Definition
| partial paralysis of the right or left half of the body |
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Definition
| pain that follorvs the pathu'ay of the sciatic nerve causedby compression or trauma of the nerve or its roots |
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Term
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Definition
| sudden, transient disturbances in brain function resulting from abnormal firing of ner-veimpulses |
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Term
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Definition
| to pull together; type of seizure that causesa seriesof sudden, inrroluntarry contractions of muscles |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| evoking a response by touching |
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Term
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Definition
| increased sensitivity to stimulation such as touch or pain |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal sensation of numbness and tingling without objective cause |
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Term
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Definition
| any of many types of loss of neurological function associated with interpretation of sensory information |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to judge the form of an obiect by touch |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to locate a sensation properly, such as to locate a point touched on the body |
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Term
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Definition
| disease of structural changes in the brain resulting in an irreversible deterioration that progresses from forgetfulness and disorientation to loss of all intellectual functions. total disability. and death |
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Term
| amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) |
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Definition
| a condition of progressive deterioration of motor nerve cells resulting in total loss of voluntary muscle control; symptoms advance from muscle weakness in the arms, legs, muscles of speech, swallowing, and breathing to total paralysis and death |
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Term
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Definition
| condition of motor dysfunction caused by damage to the cerebrum during development or injury at birth, characterized by partial paralysis and lack of muscle coordination |
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Term
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Definition
| disorder resulting from a change within one or more blood vessels of the brain |
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Term
| cerebral arteriosclerosis |
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Definition
| hardening of the arleries of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| condition of lipid (fat) buildup within the blood vessels of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| dilation of a blood vessel in the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| presence of a stationary clot in a blood vesselof the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| obstruction of a blood vesselin the brain by an embolus transported through the circulation |
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Term
| cerebrovascular accident (CVA) stroke |
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Definition
| damage to the brain caused by cerebrovascular disease |
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Term
| transient ischemic attack (TIA) |
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Definition
| brief episode of loss of blood flow, to the brain usually caused by a partial occlusion that results in temporary neuroIogicaI deficit (impairment)- often precedesa CVA |
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Term
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Definition
| ischemia of the anterior circulation of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| ischemia of the oosterior circulation of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| disorder affecting the central nervous system characterized by recurrent seizures |
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Term
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Definition
| tiffening-jerking; a major motor seizure involving all muscle groups, previous called a grand mal |
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Term
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Definition
| seizure involving a brief loss of consciousness without motor involvement |
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Term
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Definition
| seizure involving only limited areas of the brain with localized symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
| tumor of glial cells graded by degree of malignancy |
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Term
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Definition
| protrusion of a degenerated or fragmented intenertebral disk so that the nucleus pulposus protrudes, causing compression on the nerve root |
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Term
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Definition
| viral diseaseaffecting the peripheral nerves, characterizedby painful blisters that spreadover the skin following the affectednerves,usually unilaterally-also known as shingles |
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Term
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Definition
| characterizedby bizarre involuntary body movements and progressive dementia |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain as a result of developmental anomalies, infection, injury, or tumor |
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Term
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Definition
| benign tumor of the coverings of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the meninges |
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Term
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Definition
| paroxysmal attacks of mostly unilateral headache often accompanied by disordered vision, nausea, and/or vomiting, lasting hours or days and caused by dilation of arteries |
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Term
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Definition
| diseaseof the central nervous systemcharacterized by the demyelination (deterioration of the myelin sheath)of nerve fibers, with episodesof neurological dysfunction (exacerbation)followed by recovery (remission |
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Term
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Definition
| autoimmune disorder that affects the neuromuscular junction, causinga progressive decrease in muscle strength with activity and a return of strength after a period of rest |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| sleep disorder characterized by a sudden, uncontrollable need to sleep, attacks of paralysis (cataplexy), and dreams intruding while ar't'ake (hvpnagogic hallucinations) |
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Term
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Definition
| condition of slowly progressive degeneration of an area of the brainstem (substantia nigra) resulting in a decrease of dopamine (a chemical neurotransmitter that is necessary for proper movement); characterized bv tremor, rigidity of muscles, and slow movements (bradykinesia), usually occurring later in life |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| paralvsis on one side of the bodY |
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Definition
| paralysis from the waist down |
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Term
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Definition
| paralysis of all four limbs |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord caused by a virus, often resulting in spinal and muscle deformitv and paralysis |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation involving two or more nerves, often owing to a nutritional deficiency such as lack of thiamine |
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Term
| reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) |
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Definition
| condition of abnormal function of the sympathetic nervolls svstem in response to pain perception, usually as the result of an injury to an extremity; symptoms include persistent burning pain, tissue edema,joint tenderness,changesin skin color and temperature, and abnormal sweating at the pain site-decreased mobility caused by pain can lead to muscle atronhv and loss of motor function |
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Term
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Definition
| periods of breathing cessation that occur during sleep,oFtencausing snoring |
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Term
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Definition
| congenitaldefectin the spinal column characterized by the absenceof verlebral arches,often resulting in pouching of spinal membranes or tissues |
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