Term
| The three states of matter are gas, |
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Definition
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Term
| The terms that defines a change in matter from a liquid to a solid is... |
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Definition
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Term
| Which term defines the change in state from a solid to a gas? |
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Definition
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Term
| What changes of state absorb heat from the surrounding environment? |
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Definition
| Vaporization, fusion, and sublimation. |
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Term
| Cloud droplets grow after their initial growth by the... |
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Definition
| solute and curvature effects; occuring between other droplets. |
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Term
| What is the most efficient method of cloud droplet growth? |
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Definition
| Collision and coalescence. |
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Term
| Which process is the most important atmospheric factor necessary for cloud formation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most effective means of cooling water vapor to condensation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the process by which the outter edge of the cloud mixes with air outside of the cloud, leading to dissipation? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which cloud forecasting tool is dependent upon inital conditions? |
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Definition
| Conditional Climatology Tables |
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Term
| Which cloud forecasting tool will be biased towards climatology (average condition), and may not be as acurate during abnormal conditions. |
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Definition
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Term
| On metograms, cirrus clouds above 24,000ft can be forecast using dew point depressions of less than... |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the main difference in the occurence of convective or cumuliform clouds versus stratus clouds. |
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Definition
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Term
| Where the thermal currents are the greater factor causing cloud development, the bases of the cumulus generally occur near the... |
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Definition
| Convective Condensation Level (CCL) |
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Term
| In which situation would you not expect cirrus clouds to form? |
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Definition
| Onshore winds in an area of anticyclonically curved contours. |
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Term
| Instability showers and cumuliform clouds occur in the cold air mass only when the air is moving in a... |
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Definition
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Term
| The type of intensity of precipitation observed at the surface is related to the thickness of the clouds aloft, and particularly to the... |
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Definition
| temperatures in the upper part of the cloud. |
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Term
| With a flat, fast westerly flow aloft, the snow rain zone extends in a narrow... |
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Definition
| west-to-east belt that undergoes little latitudinal displacement. |
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Term
| With a quasistationary front in the southern United States under a broad west flow aloft and a weak surface low, the snow rain border becomes... |
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Definition
| elongated in the direction of the upper-level current with precipitation rates stretching over long periods. |
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Term
| Which conditions increase the probability of fog formation? |
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Definition
| Advection, a warm moist air mass over a cold surface. |
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Term
| Dense sea fog may persist even if high winds occur when it is... |
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Definition
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Term
| Which meterological situation is most favorable for the formation of radiation fog? |
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Definition
| A clear, cool night with light breezes in a stationary high pressure area. |
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Term
| Which visibility restriction is the most localized restriction? |
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Definition
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Term
| What prevailing visibility would you forecast with moderate drizzle? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which tool provides information on frictions effects that may effect local winds? |
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Definition
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Term
| How much does the mean surface wind direction in the Northern Hemisphere deviate from geostrophic direction? |
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Definition
| By minus 10 over oceans areas and up to minus 50 over rugged terrain. |
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Term
| What would the estimated low-level wind speed be from satelitte imagery displaying arc-shaped open cell cumulus clouds? |
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Definition
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Term
| In an atmostphere with a flat pressure gradient, what factors can be considered as the major indicators of the winds? |
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Definition
| Temperature distribution and atmosphere stability. |
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Term
| The usual way to forecast frontal winds is by... |
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Definition
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Term
| In forecasting frontal winds, the deepening or filling of a frontal trough... |
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Definition
| increases or decreases the winds. |
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Term
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Definition
| a forced circulation wind. |
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Term
| Which tertiary circulation is associated with mountain wave turbulence? |
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Definition
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Term
| Object A has a temperature of 49 C, Object B has a temperature of 65 C, and object C has a temperature of 88 C. How might thermal energy be transfer between the 3 objects? |
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Definition
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Term
| A temperature of 20 C is equal to... Kelvin? |
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Definition
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Term
| Determine which item is a measure of the ability of a moisture source to exchange water molecules with the surrounding air. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which term describes the ratio of the mass of water vapor to the mass of dry air? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which measure of humidity is the same a mixing ratio? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which statement is not a limitation of the modeled output statistics when forecasting temperatures? |
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Definition
| Minimum temperature forecast show a marked cold bias in midwinter synoptic situations with a shallow cold air mass near the surface. |
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Term
| During the formation of fog the temperature may... |
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Definition
| Increase a little due to the latent heat of condensation. |
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Term
| A heat wave over the midwest and eastern part of the United States may develop when... |
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Definition
| a long wave trough stagnates over the rockies and a long wave ridge lies over the eastern United States. |
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Term
| A cold wave in the United States is a net temperature decrease of... |
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Definition
| 20F or more in a 24 hour period with the temperature falling below a preset minimum. |
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Term
| The Mesoscale Model 5th version output bulletin contains a forecasted sea level pressure every... |
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Definition
| Six hours out to 48 hours, and takes diurnal effects into consideration. |
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Term
| When the proper altimeter setting is used, the altimeter of an aircraft should read... |
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Definition
| Whatever the station elevation is. |
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Term
| Assume that an aircraft whose altimeter setting reads 29.92 inches is flying along the 820 mb surface. If the standard height of the 820 mb surface is 5,750 ft the aircraft's indicated altitude is... |
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Definition
| the same as the standard height. |
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Term
| If a temperature through a vertical column is warmer than standard, then the air density is... |
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Definition
| less than standard and the pilot must fly higher to reach a given indicated altitude. |
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Term
| How is D-value calculated? |
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Definition
| D = true altitude minus standard altitude |
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Term
| What do you need to compute pressure altitude? |
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Definition
| field elevation and altimeter setting. |
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Term
| Compute the pressure altitude for a station that has a field elevation +480ft temperature of 70F, runway temperature of 69F and an altimeter setting of 30.05 in. |
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Definition
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Term
| Density altitude is the... |
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Definition
| altitude in which a given density is found in the standard atmosphere |
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Term
| Turbulence should not be anticipated in areas of... |
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Definition
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Term
| What product can show the presense of turbulence and is not a forecast product? |
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Definition
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Term
| For what category of aircraft are you specifying turbulence for in a terminal aeordrome forecast? |
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Definition
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Term
| As a general rule the effects of turbulence for a fixed-wing aircraft are increased with decreased... |
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Definition
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Term
| The most dangerous features of the mountain wave are the turbulence in the cap cloud and the... |
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Definition
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Term
| All turbulence not thermally induced or associated with convective activity is classified as... |
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Definition
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Term
| Tests have shown that after the aircraft vorticies are formed aloft, they sink 500ft per minute and stabilized about how many feet below the flight path? |
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Definition
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Term
| How can an aircraft avoid the effects of wake turbulence? |
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Definition
| Land beyond the touchdown point of a leading aircraft, lift off ahead of the liftoff point of a leading aircraft and fly above a leading aircraft. |
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Term
| Which type of aircraft icing has a rough, milky, opaque appearance and occurs in stratiform clouds? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of aircraft icing occurs in cumuliform clouds and is hard glossy and heavy? |
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Definition
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Term
| When supercooled water droplets vary in size and are mixed with snow or ice particles, what type of icing may form on inflight aircraft? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the intensity of inflight icing when deicing/ati-icing equipment fails to reduce or control the hazard and immediate diversion is necessary? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which reference is an ice protection system that is activated before the aircraft enters the icing conditions? |
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Definition
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Term
| What icing intensity corresponds to freezing drizzle? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which item is not a guidance tool or a product for icing? |
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Definition
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Term
| An aircraft is flying 150nm ahead of a warm front at an altitude where the temperature is -13 C. If the aircraft is flying in unstable clouds, what intensity and type of icing would you expect inflight |
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Definition
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Term
| If icing conditions are favorable, an aircraft flying above 12,000 feet in stratiform clouds will encounter... |
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Definition
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Term
| Significant icing occurs in developing and mature thunderstorms, but little icing occurs in the dissipating thunderstorm due to the... |
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Definition
| large number of downdrafts |
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Term
| With a frontal system, the greatest icing occurs when updrafts exist. The only exception is the icing associated with... |
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Definition
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Term
| How would an aircraft be affect during landing if it were flying from a headwind over the outer marker to a tailwind over the runway? |
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Definition
| The indicated airspeed decreases, and the aircraft drops below the glideslope. |
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Term
| How would an aircraft be affected during the penetration of the frontal boundary if it encounters a headwind after flying from a tailwind? |
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Definition
| The indicated airspeed increases, and the aircraft rises above the glideslope. |
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Term
| If the conditions are favorable, how long is low-level wind sheer expected with fronts |
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Definition
| 6 hours for a warm front and 2 hours for a cold front. |
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Term
| In which condition would you expect LLWS? |
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Definition
| When the sustained surface wind is 10kt or greater and the difference between the gradient wind speed is 20kt or greater |
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Term
| In which condition would you not expect LLWS? |
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Definition
| When their is a vector wind difference across a front with a magnitude with 5 to 15 knots per 50nm. |
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Term
| An unsaturated air parcel is rising at the dry adiabatic lapse rate. The environmental lapse rate is 12 C per 1,000 meters. The atmostphere is... |
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Definition
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Term
| The combination of cold air aloft and warm surface air can produce a... |
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Definition
| sharp lapse rate and an unstable atmosphere. |
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Term
| In the CONUS, what months of the year are the best for severe thunderstorm activity? |
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Definition
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Term
| In forecasting the severity of thunderstorms, what levels should be forecasted for? |
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Definition
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Term
| For the development of severe thunderstorms, what is the optimum height above the terrain of the wet bulb zero? |
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Definition
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Term
| The conditions necessary for the development of tornadoes, severe thunderstorms, and their associated destructive phenomena are a conditionally... |
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Definition
| unstable atmostphere, large quantities of moisture, strong mid-level winds, surface-based lifting mechanism, and favorable WBZ |
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Term
| What air masses separate the dry line? |
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Definition
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Term
| What stage of non severe thunderstorm occurs when precipitation is suspended aloft? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Hail size is dependent on the... |
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Definition
| strength of the updraft the length of fall from the freezing level. |
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Term
| Thunderstorms that appear to move to the right of the mid-level winds are called... |
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Definition
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Term
| Which action is associated with the gust front? |
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Definition
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Term
| What month has the greatest frequency of tornado occurences in the US? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what tornado producing air structure do tornadoes most frequently occur in families, with paths that are commonly long and wide compared to tornadoes occuring in other types of air masses? |
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Definition
| Type 1, Great Plains Type |
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Term
| What kind of dewpoint temperature difference should occur across a dry line? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of weather pattern is the most predominate severe weather producer in the CONUS? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common severe weather phenomenon associated with Type E, major cyclone pattern? |
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Definition
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Term
| There are two well-defined northwest flow frequency axes. Which statement describes one of them? |
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Definition
| It extends from eastern North Dakota to southwestern Pennsylvania |
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Term
| Northwest flow outbreaks usually repeat themselves over several consecutive days with the highest threat of repeat outbreaks occuring during the month of... |
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Definition
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Term
| A type of destructive summertime mesoscale system associated with NWF outbreaks is known as... |
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Definition
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Term
| The most intense convective elements during the developmental stage of a MCC occur along the... |
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Definition
| convergence zone produced by the interaction of the outflow boundary and the low level inflow |
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Term
| What tropical oceans are entirely free from tropical cyclones? |
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Definition
| South Atlantic and the Eastern South Pacific Oceans |
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Term
| The typical hurricane season extends from... |
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Definition
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Term
| Which are the only agencies authorized to issue warnings on tropical cylones? |
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Definition
| Tropical Prediction Center and the Joint Typhoon Warning Center |
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Term
| The strongest pressure gradient in relation to a mature tropical cyclone is to the... |
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Definition
| right of the storm's path |
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Term
| Where does precipitation concentrate within a mature tropical cyclone? |
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Definition
| In the inner core of the spiral bands. |
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Term
| Warm advection in the lower level during snow-producing situations... |
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Definition
| can suggest increased snow potential. |
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Term
| A severe blizzard contain winds... |
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Definition
| => 50kts and temperatures <= 10F |
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Term
| In the US with a surface temperature of 29F, what type of precipitation is expected? |
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Definition
| Freezing rain, ice pellets or mixed. |
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Term
| What is the threshold value for strong non-convective winds |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Which conditions decrease the likelihood of fog formation? |
|
Definition
| Increased temperature and decreased moisture content |
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Term
| Assuming favorable temperatures and dew-point conditions, in which meterological situations would you forecast a low stratus type of cloud layer instead of fog? |
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Definition
| The wind velocity is between 8 and 12 knots over a rough terrain |
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