Term
| An electrical current passing through a wire coiled around a metal bar that induces a magnetic field is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which wavelength is best for the detection of small water droplets? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which wavelength would be best for interrogating a large thunderstorm? |
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Definition
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Term
| When choosing an operating wavelength for radar, it is dependent upon the: |
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Definition
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Term
| The number of cycles per a given unit of time is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| As electromagnetic waves a emitted from radar and travel through the atmosphere, some of their energy is lost. What is the loss of energy due to interaction with atmopsheric phenomena called? |
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Definition
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Term
| The amount of time it takes the radar to transmit one pulse is the: |
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Definition
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Term
| What decides the minimum range of the radar? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the beam width vary with the wavelength; how does it vary with the diameter of the antenna? |
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Definition
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Term
| The ability of the radar to distinguish between two targets at the same range but at approximately the same direction from the radar is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| The ability of the radar to differentiate between two closely spaced targets at the same range and bearing but at different elevations depends on: |
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Definition
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Term
| Range resolution depends on: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Another term for second-trip echoes is: |
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Definition
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Term
| Under which condition is anomalous propagation of the radar beam most likely to occur? |
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Definition
| During abnormal atmospheric conditions |
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Term
| Superrefraction is when the curvature of the radar beam is: |
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Definition
| greater than the earth's curvature |
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Term
| An unusual straightening of the radar beam upward best defines: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What does subrefraction do? |
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Definition
| Reduces the maximum range of detection of low-level targets. |
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Term
| Subrefraction effects the radar's displayed height values by making display height values: |
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Definition
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Term
| When using weather radar to measure the intensity of precipitation, the presence of both liquid and frozen scatterers may: |
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Definition
| decrease the accuracy of the measurement because the radar equation does not handle mixed precipitation. |
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Term
| Computation of the equivalent reflectivity factor (Z) depends on: |
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Definition
| average returned power, range to target, and a set of known factors called the "radar constant." |
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Term
| While preforming a radar metwatch, the operator notices a storm that has increased from 40 to 43 dBZs at one elevation slice. The operator must assume the intensity of this storm has: |
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Definition
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Term
| What will the 2.2 nm (resolution) reflectivity product display, when the values of the four consecutive .54 nm data bins are 23,24,30, and 26. |
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Definition
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Term
| The factor that allows a Doppler radar to remember the frequency of transmitted energy for later comparison to returning energy is: |
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Definition
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Term
| The technique the radar uses to compare the frequency of each new pulse with that of the pulse immediately preceding it is known as |
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Definition
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Term
| The actually wind speed is determined if the flow of wind is: |
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Definition
| parallel to the radar beam axis |
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Term
| What limits velocity detection in a Doppler radar? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which action is an effective means of decreasing velocity aliasing? |
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Definition
| Increase the pulse repetition frequency. |
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Term
| The Doppler dilemma is a tradeoff between: |
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Definition
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Term
| The spectral slope of the Doppler spectrum of a large thunderstorm with hail appear: |
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Definition
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Term
| The spectrum width product is useful for the early detection of thunderstorm development because: |
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Definition
| the detection of high spectrum widths may be indicative of currents present in a convective atmosphere. |
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Term
| Widespread low spectrum width values with isolated areas of higher values is most likely indicative of: |
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Definition
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Term
| The beam width of the WSR-88D is approximately: |
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Definition
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Term
| Processing of ground clutter and range unfolding are functions of the: |
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Definition
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Term
| Base data is collected by the: |
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Definition
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Term
| Two distinct properties common to most ground clutter are: |
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Definition
| small spectrum width and near zero Doppler velocity. |
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Term
| How many elevation slices does both VCP 31 and VCP 32 (clear air mode) complete in ten minutes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Control of the radar product generator is accomplished from a computer terminal known as what? |
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Definition
| RDA/RPG remote access terminal |
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Term
| The radar product generator uses what method to dealias velocity data before it is used by the meteorological algorithms? |
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Definition
| eilts dealiasing technique |
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Term
| The clear-air analysis task contains which two algorithms? |
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Definition
| Velocity azimuth display and velocity volume processing algorithms. |
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Term
| The radar product generator provides: |
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Definition
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Term
| The workstation is the interface to which processors in the Weather Surveillance Radar 1988-Doppler system? |
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Definition
| Display and graphic processors |
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Term
| The primary interface used to request, control, and manipulate Weather Surveillance Radar 1988-Doppler system products is the: |
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Definition
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Term
| The principal user with dedicated communications to a WSR-88D unit is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| The two ways to select products from the principal user processor database are by using the: |
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Definition
| graphic tablet and puck and through the applications terminal. |
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Term
| Which procedure is not a way to request products on the principal user processor? |
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Definition
| Product-parameter selection list |
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Term
| A request for product not on the current routine product set list is called: |
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Definition
| a one-time product request. |
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Term
| Who determines the various alert thresholds for meteorological phenomena? |
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Definition
| Local unit radar committee. |
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Term
| What are the different group of alert thresholds? |
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Definition
| Volume group, forcast group and grid group. |
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Term
| Which archive levels are at the radar data acquisition? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which archive level is the most important and useful because it allows the total recreation of a weather scenario? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which archive level can only record those products being received at the principal user processor? |
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Definition
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Term
| The open principal user processor software concepts replaces the graphics tablet and puck because it uses: |
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Definition
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Term
| The main difference between an open principal user processor (OPUP) used at an Opertional Weather Squadron and an OPUP used at a Combat Weather Team is: |
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Definition
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Term
| Weather Flights that use an open principal user processor are limited when compared to an OPUP at an Operational Weather Squadron because the WF has: |
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Definition
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Term
| For the WSR-88D to generate a base reflectivity product, the antenna must complete: |
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Definition
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Term
| The line echo wave pattern (LEWP) signature should signal the radar operator that: |
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Definition
| a favorable environment exists for severe weather development. |
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Term
| Embedded thunderstorms are detected by the WSR-88D quite well because: |
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Definition
| its 10cm wavelength can see through the stratiform precipitation that tends to hide the storms on 5cm radars. |
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Term
| Outflow boundaries may be seen on the WSR-88D even when no clouds are present because: |
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Definition
| a gradient in the refractive index due to density differences will exist with the boundary. |
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Term
| Which product is used in the detection and location of rotating thunderstorms and in determining wind field characteristics. |
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Definition
| Base mean radial velocity. |
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Term
| When the Doppler zero line has a noticeable forward S-shaped pattern, winds are considered: |
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Definition
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Term
| When the radar detects pure cyclonic rotation, the doppler zero line is oriented: |
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Definition
| parallel to the viewing direction. |
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Term
| Which concept should be considered when trying to determine hail size? |
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Definition
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Term
| The spectrum width product is most effective when: |
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Definition
| used with other products. |
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Term
| The spectrum width product is useful for the early detection of thunderstorm development. |
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Definition
| the detection of high spectrum widths may be indicative of currents present in a convective atmosphere. |
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Term
| Data collected for generation of the composite reflectivity product is derived from: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which statement is not a use for the composite reflectivity (CR) product? |
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Definition
| It can be used to show the 3-D structure of the reflectivity pattern. |
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Term
| Which procedure is a primary use for the layered composite reflectivity maximum product? |
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Definition
| Quickly identifying strong storms and areas with a greater potential for convection. |
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Term
| Identify the three processing regions of the layered composite reflectivity maximum (LRM) anomalous propagation removed (APR) algorithm. |
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Definition
| Omit all, accept is, and reject if. |
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Term
| Vertically Integrated Liquid (VIL) algorithms display VIL values for storms based on: |
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Definition
| reflectivity data converted to liquid water content. |
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Term
| A strongly tilted storm may cause what kind of vertically integrated liquid (VIL) values to be displayed. |
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Definition
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Term
| In comparison to the vertically integrated liquid (VIL) grid boxes, severe weather porbability (SWP) grid boxes are: |
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Definition
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Term
| Although severe weather probability (SWP) is calculated using vertically integrated liquid (VIL), occasionally VIL values will drop dramatically while SWP values change little or not at all. This is caused by: |
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Definition
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Term
| The echo tops (ET) product is based on data from what other product? |
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Definition
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Term
| The echo tops (ET) product computes echo top height by using: |
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Definition
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Term
| The echo tops (ET) product is very useful in: |
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Definition
| showing the presnce of vertical tilt within a storm. |
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Term
| Which product is best used to determine the accuracy of WSR-88D precipitation products? |
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Definition
| Hybrid scan reflectivity. |
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Term
| What is the function of the tilt test in the hybrid scan reflectivity (HSR) algorithm? |
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Definition
| It compares the areal coverage of echoes at the .5 and 1.5 elevation slices. |
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Term
| The storm total precipitation (STP) product provides continuously updated information on precipitation accumulations within how many nautical miles of the radar? |
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Definition
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Term
| A limitation of the STP product is that it: |
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Definition
| has trouble with smal-scale features. |
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Term
| Which information is included in the attribute table that accompanies the user selectable precipitation (USP) product? |
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Definition
| the total number of hours used to build the product. |
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Term
| How long is the database for the user selectable precipitation (USP) product? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the maximum number of hours that the user selectable precipitation product can be generated for? |
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Definition
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Term
| The 2-D processor searches for cyclonic shear by identifying: |
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Definition
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Term
| Once the mesocyclone algorithm identifies all pattern vectors, it attempts to consolidate them to form: |
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Definition
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Term
| The maximum range MESOs can be identified by the mesocyclone algorithm is 110 nm, due to |
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Definition
| a maximum height threshold of 8km |
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Term
| No-data gaps are most prevalent in: |
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Definition
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Term
| The graphic symbol for a tornadic vortex signature (TVS) is a: |
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Definition
| red filled, inverted, isosceles triangle. |
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Term
| The graphic symbol for an elevated tornadic vortex signature (ETVS) is: |
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Definition
| red, open, inverted, isosceles triangle. |
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Term
| Concerning tonadic vortex signatures (TVS), localized shear should extend several thousand feet and should be present for at least how many elevation slices? |
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Definition
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Term
| The velocity azimuth display (VAD) winds profile (VWP) provides: |
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Definition
| a time-height profile of wind velocity at a predetermined range. |
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Term
| The total number of vertical wind profiles that can be dispalyed on a single velocity azimuth dispaly winds profile (VWP) is: |
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Definition
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Term
| Whenever the velocity azimuth display (VAD) algorithm determines that velocity data for a particular altitude does not meet reliability thresholds, the product displays which symbol for that altitude? |
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Definition
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Term
| The color-coded root mean square (RMS) of displayed velocity azimuth display (VAD) winds is related to the: |
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Definition
| reliability of the winds. |
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Term
| If the velocity azimuth display (VAD) algorithm finds no difference between the zero velocity line and the zeroth harmonic, then the offset is zero, and the wind field is: |
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Definition
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Term
| The VAD winds profile (VWP) can detect features such as: |
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Definition
| winds shifts and jet streams. |
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Term
| The storm relative mean radial velocity map and storm relative mean radial velocity region (SRM/SRR) products are derived from the base: |
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Definition
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Term
| A limitation causing small features at long distances to go undetected is: |
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Definition
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Term
| The velocity cross section is limited to: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which data collection limitation of the reflectivity cross-section product causes reduced values at long ranges? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most important thing to keep in mind when requesting a velocity cross section? |
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Definition
| It must be cut either parallel, or perpendicular to, a radial |
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Term
| Which statement best defines a storm cell segment? |
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Definition
| Contiguous samples volumes along a radial that are greater than or equal to specific reflectivity thresholds. |
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Term
| The most important product used in defining storm segments is: |
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Definition
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Term
| The storm cell centroid algorithm performs best when: |
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Definition
| isolated, well-defined thunderstorms are present. |
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Term
| The SCIT algorithm can track how many individual storm cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| What determines the length of a forecast made by the storm position forecast algorithm? |
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Definition
| Accuracy of previous volume scan's forecast |
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Term
| The three estimates that the hail detection algorithm provides are: |
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Definition
| probability of hail, probability of severe hail, and maximum expected hail size. |
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Term
| The probability of severe hail algorithm will look for hail: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which product provides information on cell-based VIL, height of maximum reflectivity and maximum reflectivity in the cell? |
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Definition
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Term
| What information does the cell trends product provide for the operator? |
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Definition
| Status of supercells and the potential for microbursts. |
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