angi/o

Meaning: Vessel (usually blood or lymph)

Example: Angioplasty - a procedure to mechanically widen a narrowed or blocked blood vessel.

aort/o

Meaning: Aorta

Example: Aortostenosis - narrowing of the aorta.

arteri/o

Meaning: Artery

Example: arteriogram—an X-ray of an artery.

ather/o

Meaning: Fatty plaque

Example: Atheroma - a fatty deposit or plaque within the wall of an artery.

capillar/o

Meaning: Capillaries (the smallest blood vessel)

Example: capillaroscope - an instrument used to examine capillares.

cardi/o

Meaning: Heart

Example: Cardiomyopathy - the general term for diseases that affect the heart muscle.

chrom/o, chromat/o

Meaning: Color

Example: Hemochromatosis—a condition where excess iron is stored in the body, affecting skin color.

erythr/o

Meaning: Red

Example: Erythocyte - a red blood cell.

hem/o, hemat/o

Meaning: Blood

Example: Hemoglobin - a protein in red blood cells.

isch/o

Meaning: Restrictions, deficiency

Example: Ischemic—a condition or process involving restricted blood flow to a part of the body.

leuk/o

Meaning: White

Example: Leukocyte - a white blood cell.

my/o

Meaning: muscle

Example: Myocardium—the muscular tissue of the heart.

phleb/o

Meaning: Vein

Example: Phlebotomy - the process of making an incision into a vein, typically to draw blood.

scler/o

Meaning: Hardening

Example: Sclerotherapy - a treatment method used to harden and close off abnormal or damaged blood vessels such as varicose veins.

sten/o

Meaning: Narrowing

Example: Stenocardia—a condition of chest pain caused by the narrowing of blood vessels to the heart.

thromb/o

Meaning: Clot 

Example: Thrombosis - formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel.

valvul/o

Meaning: Valve

Example: Valvulopathy - a disease or disorder affecting the heart valves.

vas/o

Meaning: Vessel

Example: Vasospasm—a sudden constriction of a blood vessel.

ven/o

Meaning: Vein

Example: Venous - related to the veins.

alges/o

Meaning: Sensitivity to pain

Example: Analgesic - a medication that reduces or eliminates pain.

cephal/o

Meaning : Head

Example: Cephalalgia - headache.

cerebr/o

Meaning: Brain, cerebrum

Example: Cerebrospinal - relating to the brain and spinal cord.

cerebell/o

Meaning: Cerebellum (part of the brain)

Example: Cerebellitis—inflammation of the cerebellum.

concuss/o

Meaning: To shake violently

Example: Concussion - a violent shaking of the brain, often due to injury.

crani/o

Meaning: Skull

Example: Craniotomy - a surgical incision into the skull.

dur/o

Meaning: dura mater (outermost layer of the meninges)

Example: Subdural—located beneath the dura mater.

encephal/o

Meaning: Brain

Example: Encephalopathy - a disease of the brain.

esthesi/o

Meaning: Sensation, feeling

Example: Anesthesia - loss of sensation, typically induced for medical procedures.

gangli/o, gandlion/o

Meaning: Ganglion (a cluster of nerve cell bodies)

Example: Ganglioreuroma - a tumor of a nerve ganglion.

hydr/o

Meaning: Water, fluid

Example: Hydrocephalus - an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain.

lob/o

Meaning: Lobe

Example: Lobectomy - surgical removal of a lobe of the brain.

ment/o

Meaning: Mind, chin

Example: Dementia - a decline in mental abilities, typically due to disease or injury.

mening/o, meningi/o

Meaning: Meninges (membranes covering the brain and spinal cord)

Example: Meningitis - inflammation of the meninges.

mon/o

Meaning: One, single

Example: Monoplegia - paralysis of one limb.

myel/o

Meaning: Spinal cord marrow

Example: Myelitis - inflammation of the spinal cord.

neur/o, neur/i

Meaning: Nerve

Example: Neurology - the study of the nervous system.

phas/o

Meaning: Speech

Example: Paraphasia—a condition in which a person substitutes incorrect words, sounds, or non-words in their speech

poli/o

Meaning: Gray matter (of the brain or spinal cord)

Example: Poliomyelitis—an infectious disease affecting the gray matter of the spinal cord.

pont/o

Meaning: Pons (a part of the brainstem)

Example: Pontocerebellar - relating to the pons and cerebellum.

psych/o

Meaning: Mind

Example: Psychiatry—study and treatment of mental illness.

radic/o, radicul/o, rhiz/o

Meaning: Nerve root

Example: Radiculodynia - pain caused by irritation or injury to the nerve roots.

Vag/o

Meaning: Vagus nerve (a cranial nerve)

Example: Vagotomy - surgical cutting of the vagus nerve.