Term
| What are the three general phases of heart development? |
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Definition
| Vasculogenesis, heart folding, and septation |
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Term
| What happens during vasculogenesis? |
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Definition
| primordial vascular networks form and fuse as well as develop musculature |
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Term
| Vasculogenic endothelial networks form from which developmental region? |
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Definition
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Term
| The vasculogenic endothelial networks are derived from what tissue? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do the endocardial tubules of vasculogenesis come together? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the pericardial cavity form? |
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Definition
| Pericardial coelom associated with each cardiovascular tubule come together |
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Term
| What transitory structure connects to the heart dorsally? |
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Definition
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Term
| Rupture of the dorsal mesocardium accomplishes what? |
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Definition
| creates the single tube in the pericardium that allows for the dynamic folding necessary for the proper development of the heart |
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Term
| the primitive embryonic heart has inflow from what sources? |
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Definition
| vitelline vein, cardinal veins, and umbilical vein |
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Term
| the primitive embryonic heart has outflow from what sources? |
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Definition
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Term
| What establishes the geographical location of the heart chambers? |
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Definition
| Heart looping and folding. This is seen most critically in the primitive atrium traveling above the primitive ventricles |
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Term
| What cells exist between the myocardium and the endocardium in the developing heart? |
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Definition
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Term
| Cardiac jelly is secreted by which cell? |
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Definition
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Term
| Bulbous cordis of the developing hearts contribute to which adult structures? |
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Definition
| smooth part of ventricles |
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Term
| Muscular constriction of the primordial heart help promote what part of cardiovascular development? |
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Definition
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Term
| The truncus arteriosus gives rise to what structures? |
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Definition
| Aorta and Pulmonary trunk |
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Term
| The primitive ventricle gives rise to what adult cardiac strucutures? |
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Definition
| trabeculated part of R and L ventricle |
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Term
| The primitive atrium gives rise to what adult cardiac structure? |
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Definition
| Trabeculated part of R and L atrium |
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Term
| The sinus venosus gives rise to what adult cardiac stuctures? |
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Definition
| smooth part of right atrium, coronary sinus, oblique vein of left atrium |
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Term
| The secondary heart field contributes to what adult cardiac structures? |
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Definition
| outflow track and right ventricle |
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Term
| What is the result of an inappropriately folded heart? |
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Definition
| Dextrocardia, right oriented heart |
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Term
| What contributes to correct heart folding? |
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Definition
| Ciliated cells that push signals into an appropriate gradient |
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Term
| What happens during septation? |
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Definition
Divide Atria, AV canal, and ventricles
Remodel inflow/outflow tracts
form valves |
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Term
| What are the two septum that form in primitive atria? |
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Definition
| Septum primum and septum secundum |
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Term
| What differentiates the septum primum from the septum secundum? |
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Definition
| Septum Primum is rigid whilst the Septum Secundum is more flexible. This allows for fetal blood shunting |
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Term
| What is the ostium secundum? |
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Definition
| As the second septum is forming and covers up the first septum, a new foramen is created so that blood flow is not restricted |
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Term
| How does the atrial shunt work? |
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Definition
| The differing characteristics of the septum combine with atrial blood pressures (reverse after birth) allow for shunting before birth but quickly shuts after birth |
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Term
| What is the first structure to develop during ventricular septation? |
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Definition
| a muscular ventricular septum at the base of the ventricles. Does not extend fully across |
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Term
| What are endocardial cushions? What is the function of these cells? |
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Definition
| Extracellular matrix. Partitioning of the AV canal (walls and valves) and truncus arteriosis |
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Term
| Truncoconal ridges contribute to what? |
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Definition
| Septation of cardiac outflow and ventricles |
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