Term
| What diagnostic study can be used to confirm a genital herpes diagnosis? |
|
Definition
| Tzank smear (mononucleated giant cells) |
|
|
Term
| What disease is associated with a malar butterfly Rash? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term for dilated, superficial blood vessel |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Test used to rule out fungal infection? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Characterized by a harold patch? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A hyperpigment disorder on a pregnant woman's face, meaning "a black spot." |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Large, macular, hypopigmented patches |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| How do you treat Vitiligo? |
|
Definition
| Topical steroids and new topical immunomodulators, PUVA, NB-UVB phototherapy, camouflage makeup |
|
|
Term
| What other diseases should be included in your work-up of Vitiligo? |
|
Definition
| Thyroid disease, Diabetes, pernicious anemia, other autoimmune disorders |
|
|
Term
| What test can be done to accentuate areas of Vitiligo? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What are the diagnositic tests indicated for orbital cellulitis? |
|
Definition
CBC: shows leukocytosis
CT: to determine the extent of disease |
|
|
Term
| In what sinus does orbital cellulits most commonly orginate from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common pathogen in orbital cellulitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Optic neuritis effects what nerve? and How? |
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the optic nerve |
|
|
Term
| What is the testing of choice for optic neuritis? |
|
Definition
| MRI of the brain to look at the optic nerve |
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|
Term
| What is the most common cause of epiglottitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Although contraindicated in most scenarios, what is seen on a lateral X-ray in a pt with epiglottitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Direst visualization using a tongue depressor is warranted in acute epiglottitis.
True or False, and why? |
|
Definition
| False, due to the possibility of sudden complete airway obstruction |
|
|
Term
| What is the best method of preventing epiglottitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the preferred/approved visualization technique in a patient with epiglottitis and what is classically seen? |
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Definition
| Controlled visualization via intubation in the OR. Classically presents as a cherry red, edematous epiglottis. |
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Term
| What is the swinging light test and what does a positive result indicate? |
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Definition
| Test is performed by moving a light from one eye to the other and observing pupil response. This can indicate a Relative Afferent Pupil Defect among other things. |
|
|
Term
| What is the normal pupil response to light and how does that differ in a patient with a RAPD? |
|
Definition
| Normally light causes direct and consensual pupil constriction. In a pt with RAPD when the light is swung from the unaffected eye to the affected eye the eyes will dilate slightly(abnormal response). It's indicates a decrease in the Afferent nerve stimulation in that eye. |
|
|
Term
Retinal artery occlusion causes painful vision loss.
True or False? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long before irreversible damage occurs in a complete RAO? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of burn depth is dependent on dose, time of exposure and the type of particle? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| An essential guide to therapy and to determine when to transfer a patient to a burn center is known as? |
|
Definition
| Estimate of percent of body surface area burned |
|
|
Term
| Which prophylaxis immunization is important in burn cases? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the primary way to prevent shock during the initial 24 to 48 hours following a major burn? |
|
Definition
| Rapid, agressive fluid resuscitation |
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|
Term
| What disease has lesions that are considered the most common epithelial precancerous lesion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 2 measures can be taken to prevent actinic keratosis? |
|
Definition
| regular use of sunscreen and low-fat diet |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common benign tumor in older individuals? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the variant of seborrheic keratosis that black individuals develop? (like Morgan Freeman) |
|
Definition
| dermatosis papulosa nigra |
|
|
Term
| A slit lamp is used for what procedure? |
|
Definition
| corneal foreign body removal |
|
|
Term
| What disease presents with localized hair loss without pustules, excoriation, scaring, or flaking? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What lab study should be performed if a patient presents with Alopecia Areata? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What disease presents with thick, yellow, crusty nails usually involving the toes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What lab stain is used to diagnose Onychomycosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Self trauma to the area that connects the skin to the cuticle (such as a hangnail) can cause this disorder of the nail |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What strains of HPV are linked to carcinoma/cervical cancers? |
|
|
Term
What drug causes great harm to the cornea in patient's with herpes keratitis?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Herpes Zoster generally represents itself in what form? |
|
|
Term
| Wing shaped fold of fibrovascular tissue on the conjunctiva that extends onto the cornea? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of medical equipment is used to determine the degree of corneal involvement with Pterygium? |
|
Definition
| Slit Lamp: Binocular microscope that examine anterior segment of the eye. |
|
|
Term
| What are the two treatment options for Pterygium? |
|
Definition
| Topical steroids and NSAIDs |
|
|
Term
| What is the major difference between Pterygium and Pinguecula? |
|
Definition
Pterygium: extends on the cornea
Pinguecula: Does NOT invole cornea |
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|
Term
| What is an acute painful swelling of parotid glands due to stasis of salivary flow followed by stricture or obstruction of the gland? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List risk factors for sialoadenitis? |
|
Definition
| Dehydration, immunosuppression, trauma, and children |
|
|
Term
| Sialoadenitis can become a bacterial infection due to (4) most common pathogens? |
|
Definition
Staph a.
Strep p.
E. coli.
H. Flu. |
|
|
Term
| What is the treatment for Sialoadenitis? |
|
Definition
| Rehydrations, IV ABX, warm compresses, massage, improved oral hygiene |
|
|
Term
| An abnormal skin growth in the middle ear behind the eardrum is called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the ear contributes to the development of cholesteatoma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are two common symptoms of Cholesteatoma? |
|
Definition
| Dizziness and Hearing loss |
|
|
Term
| Besides mild erythema to the face,what is the other main characteristic associated with rosasea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the main difference between rosacea and acne vulgaris? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the only treatment for comedones? |
|
Definition
Topical retinoid
(tazorac cream) |
|
|
Term
| What is the common drying wash for acne treatment? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What acne treatment requires monthly labs and IPledge? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What topical antibiotic is the drug of choice for rosacea treatment? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What disease is associated with honey colored crusting to the perioral area? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What test is done to determine the depth of Melanoma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Categorization used to determine if a spot or nevi is Malignant Melanoma? |
|
Definition
| ABCDE categorization (Asymmetry, Borders, Color, Diameter, Evolution) |
|
|
Term
| What disease should be ruled out when thinking Impetigo? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What two organisms are most commonly associated with Impetigo? |
|
Definition
| Staph aureus and group A Strep |
|
|
Term
| Group most likely to develop impetigo? |
|
Definition
| Young children (pre-school aged) |
|
|
Term
| What is the most dangerous/deadly type of skin cancer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Risk factors for Melanoma? |
|
Definition
| Fair skin, living in sunny areas, blistering sunburns, tanning beds, family history, multiple moles/nevi, etc. |
|
|
Term
| Mastoidistis is typically a complication of this disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When observing ear symmetry the pinnae is displaced anteroinferiorly; what should be on your differential diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What diagnostic imaging should be performed to r/o mastoiditis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common pathogen causing acute mastoiditis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What rash characterizes Stevens-Johnson Syndrome? |
|
Definition
| Targetoid cutaneous lesions including petechiae, vesicles and bullae on mucous membranes |
|
|
Term
| Stevens-Johnson Syndrome affects what percent of BSA (body surface area)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stevens-Johnson Syndrome usually occurs in response to a drug. Which is most common? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which rash presents with broad-based salmon colored papules in a Christmas tree pattern? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is an opthalmology consult important for a Stevens-Johnson patient? |
|
Definition
| Assess corneal damage and risk for blindness |
|
|
Term
| After supportive care, what is first line treatment for Stevens-Johnson Syndrome? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What differentiates Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis from Stevens-Johnson Syndrome? |
|
Definition
| It involves >30% of BSA (body surface area) as opposed to <10% with SJS. |
|
|
Term
| In Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, what does Nikolsky's sign indicate? |
|
Definition
| Epidermal detachment with light lateral pressure |
|
|
Term
| When should you admit a patient with Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis? |
|
Definition
| ALL patients should be admitted. |
|
|
Term
| What are some possible complications of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis? |
|
Definition
| Sepsis, ARDS, pneumonia, dehydration, DIC, etc. |
|
|
Term
| Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis occur how long after exposure to an offending drug? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most cases of erythema multiforme are caused by what pathogen? |
|
Definition
| Herpes Simplex Virus (can also be a sulfa drug reaction) |
|
|
Term
| Describe the lesion of erythema multiforme. |
|
Definition
| Multiple erythematous target lesions to palms, soles, dorsal surface of hands, extensor surface of extremities and face - especially the mouth. |
|
|
Term
| What is the lab test of choice for erythema multiforme? |
|
Definition
| There is no specific lab test or imaging. |
|
|
Term
| What should be done for treatment of erythema multiforme? |
|
Definition
| Mild cases can be treated with oral antihistamines and topical corticosteroids. Acyclovir or other oral antiviral for HSV. |
|
|
Term
| What differentiates erythema multiforme minor from erythema multiforme major? |
|
Definition
| Minor has minimal mucosa involvement. Major involves at least 2 different mucosal sites. |
|
|
Term
| Name the most common site of pressure ulcers. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What stage is a pressure ulcer that forms a blister? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a major risk factor for pressure ulcers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the easiest way to prevent a pressure ulcer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a hyperpigmented, velvety plaque on neck, axillae, and groin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What disorder is most commonly associated with acanthosis nigrans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The term to describe fast uncontrollable movements of the eye from side to side. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The most common cause of nystagmus in older people. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The most common cause of nystagmus in young people. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is commonly seen with allergic rhinitis and may result in chronic obstruction and loss of sense of smell? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the treatment of choice for nasal polyps? |
|
Definition
| Topical nasal steroids, surgical excision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pale, edematous, mucosally covered masses |
|
Definition
|
|
