Term
| What is the rational behind using resistance training in the cardiac population? (4 major tenets) |
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Definition
| 1. Strength is required in many occupations and in ADLs. 2. Strength is required to prevent musculoskel atrophy. 3. Resistance training offsets atrophy in the elderly. 4. May favorably modify risk factors for CAD. |
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Term
| Dynamic exercise puts a volume load on the heart. Why? |
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Definition
| It creates large CO increases. |
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Term
| What is the large increase in CO due to? (3) |
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Definition
| Increase SV, Incr Arterial pressure, decr peripheral vascular resistance. |
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Term
| What kind of loads do dynamic and static exercises put on the heart? |
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Definition
| Dynamic = volume load b/c of CO, and Static = pressure load |
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Term
| W/ a static contraction, what happens to SV and HR? |
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Definition
| SV stays the same b/c of increased arterial pressure, and HR increases. |
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Term
| What happens to: SV, HR, arterial pressure, PVR and BP w/ static contractions? (5) |
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Definition
| Sv stays same, HR increases, Arterial pressure increases, pvr stays the same b/c of increased SV. SBP and DBP increase. |
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Term
| What happens to SV, HR, AP and PVR w/ dynamic exercise? |
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Definition
| Incr: SV, HR, AP and Decr: PVR. |
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Term
| Why does static exercise increase BP? (3) How long does it take for BP to return to normal? |
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Definition
| 1. Pressor Response: Incr due to effect of SNS on muscles; constriction of arteries. 2. Mechanical compression of muscle vasculature w/ contraction. 3. Incr intrathoracic pressure, often w/ valsalva maneuver w/ heavy weights. Returns to normal in 1-2sec after lift. |
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Term
| What is RPP (equasion) and what is it used for? |
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Definition
| SBPxHR - used to assess work of the heart. |
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Term
| W/ each aerobic and resistance, ID which increases more: BP or HR. |
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Definition
| Aerobic: HR > BP. Resistance: BP>HR |
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Term
| Why is it believed that resistance exercise increases cardiac muscle perfusion? |
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Definition
| Because w/ Incr DBP and lower HR, resistance increases the filling pressure and decreases the HR so there's more time for filling and more pressure for filling, so it increases cardiac muscle perfusion. |
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Term
| In a study w/ healthy individuals doing either a double leg press @60%1RM or single leg @80% 1RM, arterial pressure was affected by: |
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Definition
| # reps, size of load, amt of muscle mass used & joint angle. |
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Term
| How does the # reps impact arterial pressure? |
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Definition
| 1st rep will see an increase in AP. The next couple of reps will have AP increases less than first rep b/c you're using some muscle recoil created by eccentric contraction, so muscles aren't contracting as hard. Toward the end of reps there is another increase b/c fatigue calls in accessory muscles, more effort, valsalva and pressor effect. |
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Term
| How does the # reps impact arterial pressure? |
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Definition
| 1st rep will see an increase in AP. The next couple of reps will have AP increases less than first rep b/c you're using some muscle recoil created by eccentric contraction, so muscles aren't contracting as hard. Toward the end of reps there is another increase b/c fatigue calls in accessory muscles. |
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Term
| What is the relationship btw HR and BP and relative load? |
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Definition
| HR and BP are proportional to relative load. |
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Term
| What is the relationship btw muscle mass used and BP? |
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Definition
| there is a positive correlation btw the two, but it's not linear. So if you use more muscle mass you will end to have a higher AP, but if you double muscle mass, pressure isn't necessarily doubled. |
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Term
| Does variance in muscle mass predict interindividual circulation response? Why/Why not? |
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Definition
| There is a great difference between individuals in their arterial response. You can't predict the diff betw individuals using muscle mass. There's something more to it, but we don't know what. |
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Term
| Which creates a greater circulatory response; concentric or eccentric work? |
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Definition
| Concentric = greater circulatory response. |
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Term
| Will the cardiac response be larger in a weak range or a small range of joint angle? |
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Definition
| Response will be larger to weak range, b/c need to recruit more muscle fibers. |
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Term
| What are the positive effects of resistance training? (9) |
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Definition
| 1. Incr muscular strength & endurance 2. Augments aerobic fitness 3. Decr total body fat 4. Maintains or increases lean body mass 5. Positively affects cardiac risk factors 6. Reduces CV responses to lifting 7. Improves function/ADL & self efficacy 8. Improves QOL? 9. Positive effects on bone mass and connective tissue. |
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Term
| What risk factors does weight training positively affect?(5) |
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Definition
| 1. HTN 2. Hyperlipidemia 3. Improved glucose tolerance 4. Hyperinsulinema 5. Reduces obesity. |
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Term
| How does resistance training improve glucose tolerance and hyperinsulinemia? |
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Definition
| Increased muscle mass to take up more glucose and create more insulin receptors. |
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Term
| How does training reduce CV responses to lifting? |
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Definition
| w/ training, increases in AP will go down b/c as strength increases, you need less of a %age of muscle mass to lift the same weight. |
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Term
| Will resistance training impact VO2? |
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Definition
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Term
| Using evidence provided in class, what were the results of circuit weight training in the CAD population? |
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Definition
| Pts who did CWT had an increase in TM endurance and Incr in 1RM, both greater than pts who didn't do CWT. |
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Term
| In a study w/ pts who did either resistance training or flexibility training in addition to aerobics, how did the two groups compare? |
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Definition
| Resistance training had increased strength and treadmill time vs the stretching group. |
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Term
| What are the ACSM recommendations for pt selection for weight training? |
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Definition
| 1. Aerobic capacity >5METS, w/o angina or ST depression, Moderate to good LV function (>30-40% EF) |
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Term
| What is the recommended resistance training prescription? |
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Definition
| 1 set, 10-15 reps of 8-10 exercises, 2-3days/wk. |
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Term
| at what % 1RM do you usually start a CAD pt? |
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Definition
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Term
| How much do you increase weight when they can complete 12-15reps? |
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Definition
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Term
| How should the RPP for resistance training compare to that for aerobic exercise? |
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Definition
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Definition
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