Term
| what are the events of the ischemic cascade, in order? which events are least reliable in diagnosis? |
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Definition
| diastolic dysfunction, systolic dysfunction, EKG changes, chest pain; EKG and chest pain are least reliable |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what do you look for in a stress test? |
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Definition
| ABCDE, backwards = EKG, Diagnostics, Chest pain, Blood pressure, Arrhythmias = ST depressions, pt achieves 85% of maximum HR, chest pain, hypotension, PVCs |
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Term
| what are 3 ways to improve specificity and sensitivity of ST depression in diagnosing flow limited CAD? |
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Definition
| ABCDE, imaging, Bayes Theorem |
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Term
| what information is given by an echocardiogram? |
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Definition
| systolic function (ejection fraction, sites of hypokinesis), pericardial information, valvular function |
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Term
| A patient is given a nuclear imaging study with technetium. A cold spot appears at rest but goes away with exercise. What is this defect called and what does it indicate? |
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Definition
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Term
| A patient is given a nuclear imaging study with technetium. A cold spot appears at rest and remains cold with exercise. What is this defect called and what does it indicate? |
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Definition
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Term
| A 25yo female presents with chest pain. What diagnostic test do you use? |
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Definition
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Term
| A 50yo male with hx of MI presents with chest pain. What diagnostic test do you use? |
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Definition
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Term
| A 25yo male with COPD presents with chest pain. What test do you order? |
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Definition
| stress echo with dobutamine |
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Term
| A 50yo male with diabetes and an amputated foot presents with chest pain. What test do you order? |
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Definition
| nuclear imaging with dipyridamole/persantine |
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Term
| A 50yo male with emphysema and wheezing presents with chest pain. What test do you order? |
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Definition
| nuclear imaging with dobutamine |
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Term
| what drugs are used for chemical stress test and with what tests? |
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Definition
| dobutamine for echo; persantine for nuclear imaging |
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Term
| plaque rupture directly correlates with ___, indirectly correlates with ___, and does not correlate at all with ___. |
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Definition
| directly: size of lipid core in plaque; indirectly: Ca++ in plaque; no correlation: degree of stenosis |
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Term
| what non invasive procedure is used to assess atherosclerosis and what does it measure? |
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Definition
| CT angiogram; measures Ca++ levels |
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Term
| Pt presents with CHF. What test do you order? |
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Definition
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Term
| at what point does risk of mortality drastically increase with decreasing EFs? |
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Definition
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