Term
| ASSESS: Definition? How to implement? Steps? Where in the MDMP? |
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Definition
CA Methodology Def: Assess current conditions against a defined norm or established standards. Implementation:Assess using Conflict Assessment Framework to determine Center of Gravity and desired effect
Steps: Identify the proble, identify facts and assumptions. MDMP: Receive Mission, Analyze Mission |
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Term
| DECIDE: Definition? How to implement? Steps? Where in the MDMP? |
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Definition
CA Methodology Def: Decide who, what, when, where, why, and how to focus CA assets and actions. Implementation: Apply ASCOPE / PMESII-PT to COG to determine focus of CA / CMO assets and actions.
Steps: Generate alternatives, analyze the alternatives, compare the alternatives, compare the alternatives, make a decision; MDMP: Develop COAs, Analyze COAs, Compare COAs, Approve COA, Produce orders |
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Term
| DEVELOP & DETECT: Definition? How to implement? Steps? Where in the MDMP? |
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Definition
CA Methodology Def: Develop rapport and relationships with the nonmilitary participants of the operation and detect those conditions or events that would call for a specific CAO response
Implementation: Develop Programs (sets of actions) and conduct actions to gain access, influence and information need for rapport and relationships. Develop Proposed MoE.
Steps: Execute the decision; MDMP: Prepare |
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Term
| DELIVER: Definition? How to implement? Steps? Where in the MDMP? |
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Definition
CA Methodology Def: Engage the civil component with CAO (PRC, FHA, NA, SCA, and CIM). Implementation: Deliver Plan to Stakeholders and manage cooperative execution to achieve effects
Steps: Execute the decision; MDMP: Execute |
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Term
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Definition
CA Methodology: Evaluate the results of the executed mission
Implementation: Review MoEs, MoPs & Observe for Unplanned Effects
Steps: Assess the results; |
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Term
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Definition
| (a person, place, or physical thing) that are a fundamental component of a system |
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Term
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Definition
| (BPF) the behavioral, physical, or functional relationship between the nodes |
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Term
| What does the analysis include, which enalbes the subsequent identification of COGs and decisive points |
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Definition
| capabilities and vulnerabilities of the systems and nodes, |
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Term
| When does assesment begin? |
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Definition
| This assessment begins at receipt of the mission and continues through the mission analysis process focusing on defining the civil components of the AO |
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Term
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Definition
| : A condition in which:1.the level of violence; 2.the functioning of governmental, economic, and societal institutions; and 3.the general adherence to local laws, rules, and norms of behavior; are such that the local populace regards the situation as acceptably normal, peaceful, and predictable. - USAID |
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Term
| The three steps of conflict assessment |
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Definition
1) Identify and prioritize the causes and consequences of violence and instability that are most important in a given country context. 2) Understand how existing development programs interact with these factors
3) Determine where development and humanitarian assistance can most effectively support local efforts to manage conflict and build peace. |
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Term
| Conflict Assessment Framework |
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Definition
| –Incentives for violence –Access to conflict resources –Institutional and social capacity for managing violence –Regional dynamics –Windows of opportunity and vulnerability |
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Term
| Conflict Assessment Framework: A Common Language INCENTIVES FOR VIOLENCE: GRIEVANCE AND GREED |
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Definition
1. ETHNIC AND RELIGIOUS DIVISIONS
Are there elites who face an economic or political incentive to mobilize violence along ethnic lines?
2. ECONOMIC CAUSES
Is economic power tied to political power?
3. ENVIRONMENTAL CAUSES
4. DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS
Do population growth rates differ across distinct, adjacent communities?
5. INTERACTION EFFECTS
Are incentives for violence longstanding and chronic or of fairly recent origin? |
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Term
| Conflict Assessment Framework: A Common Language MOBILIZATION: Access to Conflict Resources |
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Definition
1. ORGANIZATIONAL RESOURCES
Are there well-established ethnic or religious associations that could be used to
mobilize violence?
2. FINANCIAL RESOURCES
Can those motivated to engage in violence obtain control of "loot able" primary
commodities?
3. HUMAN RESOURCES
Is there a population of ready recruits (e.g. unemployed young men in urban or semi-urban areas) available to actors motivated to engage in violence?
4. GENERAL QUESTIONS
Where do the conflict resources come from (e.g. natural resources, corruption/patronage networks, diasporas, foreign recruits, local/international sources) and what does this imply about ease of access and sustainability? |
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Term
| Conflict Assessment Framework: Institutional Capacity and Response |
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Definition
REGIME TYPE AND LEGITIMACY
Are there generally accepted rules for political competition?
2. INCLUSION/EXCLUSION
Do government policies favor one group over another? For example, are government services provided equally across different ethnic or religious groups, are exclusive language policies in place?
3. RULE OF LAW/PROVISION OF SECURITY
Does unlawful state violence exist?
4. ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE
Are local governments able to encourage local economic growth and investment and respond to local economic problems? 5. Natural resource management 6. Demographic factors |
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Term
| REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL FACTORS |
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Definition
| are ethnic and/or religious disvision reinforced by parallel relations in neighboring countries? |
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Term
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Definition
1. PREDICTABLE: Are contentious elections approaching?
2. UNPREDICTABLE: Is the country vulnerable to natural disasters? |
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Term
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Definition
The core of EBO is in determining and calculating the behavioral (not physical) center of gravity (COG) of the combatants. Perception
COG is the primary source of (MPSPR) moral or physical strength, power and resistance |
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Term
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Definition
Historically and theoretically
Behavioral most important but challenging
Traditionally, military operations focus on physical effects – Objectives Based Operations [OBO] culture
Major challenges with behavioral effects:
Causality between action & effect
observables of direct behavioral effect often immeasurable
uncertainty of intervening variables |
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Term
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Definition
| a means that is considered a crucial enabler for a center of gravity to function as such, and is essential to the accomplishment of the specified or assumed objective(s) |
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Term
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Definition
| an essential condition, resource, and means for a critical capability to be fully operational |
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Term
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Definition
| an aspect of a critical requirement, which is deficient or vulnerable to direct or indirect attack that will create decisive or significant effects |
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Term
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Definition
Data is a point without context – that is without reference to either space or time. Being without context, data is without a meaningful relation to anything else.
A collection of data for which there is no relation between the pieces of data is not information. |
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Term
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Definition
Information is an understanding of the relationships between pieces of data, or between pieces of data and other information.
Information does not: provide a foundation for why the data is what it is or indicate how the data is likely to change over time |
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Term
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Definition
| is the recognition and understanding of pattern within information. Pattern embodies both a consistency and completeness of relations which, to an extent, creates its own context. Pattern also serves as an Archetype with both an implied repeatability and predictability. |
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Term
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Definition
| arises when one understands the foundational principles responsible for the patterns representing knowledge being what they are. Wisdom has a more universal applicability and tends to create its own context. |
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Term
| What is encompassed in the Decide Phase? |
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Definition
Deciding on a recommended CA/CMO Course of Action
Proposing Measures of Effectiveness (MoE)
Decide inherently requires an accurate identification of desired effects to have been accomplished. This step translates the understanding of intended effects provided by the COG Analysis to the identification of actual aspects of ASCOPE to engage with CAO / CMO.
Also, since you now have identified intended effects, you will propose MoE. |
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Term
| What is center of gravity |
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Definition
The core of effects based thinking is in determining and calculating the behavioral (not physical) center of gravity (COG) of the combatants.
COG is the primary source of moral or physical strength, power and resistance. |
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Term
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Definition
Address causality between actions and effects
Focus: desired effects (physical and behavioral)
Encompass both target and objective-based methods
Models the enemy-as-a-system w/adversary reaction
Considers Direct, Indirect, Complex (synergistic),
Cumulative & Cascading effects
“Overcoming” mechanism stated & assessed |
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Term
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Definition
ID enemy entities, destroy them
Focus: physical effects at target level
Looks at 1st and 2nd order effects only
No dynamic assessment |
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Term
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Definition
Strategies at one level become objectives for next
Focus: objectives at every level
Considers linkages between objectives and
strategies to achieve those objectives
No dynamic assessment |
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Term
| What is the Recognition Primed Decision (RPD) model for decision making |
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Definition
| blend of intuition and analysis. |
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Term
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Definition
| the subconscious pattern-matching process that quickly suggests feasible courses of action. |
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Term
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Definition
| is the mental simulation (war gaming), a conscious and deliberate review of the courses of action. |
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Term
| What is a physical effect? |
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Definition
| Only a direct effect, created by the direct impact through physical alteration on the object or system targeted by the application of military action |
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Term
| What is a functional effect? |
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Definition
| Direct or indirect effect of an attack or operation on the ability of a target to function properly. In essence, it answers the question, to what extent has the function of the target been degraded or affected by those actions. |
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Term
| What is psychological effect? |
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Definition
| The result of actions that influence emotions, motives, objective reasoning, and ultimately the behavior of foreign governments, organizations, groups, and individuals. |
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Term
| What is collateral effect? |
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Definition
| Outcomes that result when something occurs other than what was intended. These outcomes may be either positive or negative to the original objective. |
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Term
| What is cumulative effect? |
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Definition
| Indirect effect that is the aggregate result of many direct or indirect effects against an adversary. Typically, a cumulative effect flows from lower-to-higher levels of employment and occurs at the higher levels; however, it may occur at the same level as a contributing lower-order effect. |
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Term
| What is cascading effect? |
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Definition
| An indirect effect that ripples through an adversary system, often affecting other systems. Typically, a cascading effect flows from higher-to-lower levels of employment and is the result of influencing nodes that are critical to multiple adversary systems. The effect on the German economy of bombing the rail marshalling yards in WW II is an example. |
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Term
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Definition
| Effect on the operation of a specific system or systems. In essence, it answers the question to what degree has the system or systems been degraded or affected by those actions directed against it. |
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Term
| Effects can be categorized as ___________ or _________ based on whether or not they support achieving an objective. |
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Definition
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Term
| Effects can be categorized as ___________ or _________ based on whether or not there is an intervening effect or mechanism between act and outcome. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Focus on Task Accomplishment
Determines whether the task or action was performed to standard
Confirms whether the activity was done correctly
Example – MOP for a well project – Gallons per day of clean water per day drawn from the project
Or – Families with daily access to clean potable water
Or – Decrease in the number of GI illnesses presenting at the village clinic |
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Term
| __________ are used to determine how well or poorly an operation or projects is proceeding in achieving CMO objective. |
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Definition
| MoE -something used to determine the results of an action must be specific, measureable, achievable, relevant, timebound |
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Term
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Definition
| used to collect quantitative information about items in a population. |
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Term
| What are surveys used for? |
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Definition
| in determining indirect effects – especially effects upon behaviors. |
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Term
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Definition
| Projects, KLEs, CMOC, Working Groups, Products, etc. that are executed to support programs, specifically, to provide access, influence and information related to aspects of ASCOPE critical to program success. |
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Term
| How does CA conduct Develop and Detect? |
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Definition
| CA accomplishes this step through numerous actions and operations, such as facilitating the interagency process in the CMOC, hosting meetings, participation in selected DC operations, conducting CR in support of CIM, and monitoring public information programs and CAO/CMO-related reports from the field. |
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Term
| What is Develop in terms of rapport? |
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Definition
Rapport and relationships with the nonmilitary participants to effect the critical vulnerabilities
Prepare for CA/CMO actions |
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Term
| What is Detect in terms of rapport? |
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Definition
Rapport and relationships with the nonmilitary participants required identify emerging threats to your critical vulnerabilities or emerging enemy capabilities
Prepare CA/CMO reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| Programs are sets of actions executed to achieve desired effects to the civil-military center of gravity. Develop and Detect creates the relationships and rapport with the civil components required to execute the set of actions in the Deliver Phase. |
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Term
| Project is the mission? T or F |
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Definition
| False. A project is never the mission. Projects are one form of CA action. Actions deliver outputs from which access and influence required for program effectiveness are derived. |
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Term
| Which organization uses Results based methodology |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Human Rights, Gender Equality, and Environmental Sustainability |
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Term
| What are US Army objectives? |
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Definition
| US National Security - Democratization, Conflict, Instability – Shorter Term Stabilization |
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Term
| What are USAID objectives? |
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Definition
| US National Security - Democratization, Conflict, Instability – Long Term Development |
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Term
| Q: What two paragraphs of the estimate are completed during Mission Analysis? |
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Definition
| Paragraphs 1 and 2 of the CMO staff estimate! |
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Term
| During what phase of MDMP is para 3 of the CMO estimate completed? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where can you find the CMO Estimate format? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the paragraphs in the CMO Estimate? |
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Definition
| 1. Mission, 2. Situation and Considerations; 3. Course of Action; 4. Analysis of Course of Action; 5. COA comparison; and 6. Recommendation and Conclusions. |
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Term
| What are the sub paragraphs to the Situation and Considerations paragraph? |
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Definition
| Characteristics of the AO; Enemy Forces; Friendly Forces; and Assumptions. |
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Term
| characterisitcs of combat order |
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Definition
| clear, brief, complete, timely, simple, and flexible |
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Term
| How many steps in Mission Analysis |
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Definition
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Term
| Components of commander's intent |
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Definition
| Purpose, key task, endstate |
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Term
| What are the steps of Mission Analysis? |
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Definition
Analyze higher HQ order
Conduct initial IPB
Determine specified, implied, and essential tasks
Review available assets
Determine constraints
ID critical facts and assumptions
Perform risk assessment
Determine initial CCIR and EEFI
Determine initial recon annex
Update the Operational Timeline
Write restated mission
Conduct mission analysis brief
Approve restated mission
Develop initial Cdr’s intent
Issue Cdr’s guidance
Issue warning order
Review facts and assumptions |
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Term
| What are two types of constraints |
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Definition
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Term
| Restated mission is formed around what? |
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Definition
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Term
| If something interferes with the mission they are not constraints but what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What must assumptions be to help the commander |
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Definition
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Term
| What criteria must each COA meet? |
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Definition
| : suitable, feasible, acceptable, distinguishable, complete |
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Term
| What are the six steps to COA development? |
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Definition
| (AGADAP) Analyze relative combat power; Generate options; Array initial forces; Develop scheme of maneuver; Assign HQ; Prepare statement and sketches. |
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Term
| How many steps in coa analysis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What paragraph of the cmo estimate do you list out the coas? |
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Definition
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Term
| What paragraph of the cmo estimate is completed after the mission analysist? |
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Definition
| Paragraphs 1 and 2 of the CMO staff estimate. 1. Mission and 2. Situation and Considerations |
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Term
| What para of CMO estimate is after coa analysis? |
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Definition
| Paragraph 4, analysic of COA |
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Term
| What para of CMO estimate is after coa comparison? |
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Definition
| Paragraph 5, COA comparison |
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Term
| What para of CMO estimiate is after Coa approval? |
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Definition
| Paragraph 6, recommendation and conclusions |
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Term
| What goes under Incentives for violence: Greed and Grievance |
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Definition
| 1. Ethnic and Religious divisions 2. Economic causes 3. Environment causes 4. demographic trends 5. Interation effects |
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Term
| What is results-based management? |
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Definition
| Processes and resources applied in a manner designed to produce interventions that directly contribute to the attainment of agreed upon results. Exampe: train people, produces trained people, which results in more jobs and interventions, and agreed upon result is better condition of the country. |
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Term
| What are the five paragraphs of CMO estimate |
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Definition
| 1. Mssion 2. Situation and considerations 3. Course of Action 4. Analysis of course of action 5. COA comparison 6. Recommendation and conclusions |
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Term
| When planning and implementing the CMO program what does CoC expect you to do? |
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Definition
| Sync with the NSS; conduct targeted civil military engagement which directly effect the causes of conflict and instability. development, diplomacy and defense to mutually reinforce and complement one another in an integrated comprehensive approach to national security. (Apply the 3Ds) |
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Term
| What are the steps of MDMP? |
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Definition
| 1. Receive the mission 2. Analyze the mission 3. Develop COAs 4. Analyze COAs 5. Compare COAs 6. COA Approval 7. Orders Production |
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