Term
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Definition
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Term
| How many knowledge areas? |
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Definition
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Term
| Whats are the 5 process groups? |
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Definition
Initating
Planning
Executing
Monitoring & Control
Closing |
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Term
| What are the 9 Knowledge areas? |
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Definition
Integration
Scope
Time
Cost
Quality
Human Resources
Communication
Risk
Procurement |
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Definition
| It is the practice of making certain that every part of the project is coordinated. |
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Definition
| It involves management of the requirements, details and processes. |
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Definition
| concerned with resources, activities, scheduling and schedule management. |
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Definition
| outputs of different processes are measured against some predetermined acceptable measure |
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| Human Resource Management |
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Definition
| involves assigning staff; assess performance of project team members, and overall management of the project team. |
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Term
| Communications Management |
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Definition
| This area focuses on keeping the project’s stakeholders properly informed throughout the entire project. |
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Definition
| Specifically the project manager must identify risks and also plan how to respond to the risks if they occur |
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Definition
| This area focuses on a set of processes performed to obtain goods or services from an outside organization. |
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Definition
| This knowledge area includes cost estimating and budgeting |
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Definition
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Definition
| temporary in nature, resulting in unique outputs |
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Term
| The key differentiator of projects and operations |
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Definition
| projects are temporary in nature, resulting in unique outputs – where as operations are ongoing in nature. |
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Term
| Projects are often conducted to support the organizations’ strategic plan, and to support one or more strategic elements, such as: |
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Definition
| Market demand, Organizational need, customer request, technological advance and/or a legal requirement. |
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Definition
| Document that formally authorizes a project & meets stakeholders needs and expectations |
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Definition
| collection of projects, which when executed together yields in some additional benefits, than when performed one after the other. |
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Term
| PMO – Project Management Office |
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Definition
| A department that centralizes the management of projects. |
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Term
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Definition
>Least authority for the project manager
>Project manager plays the role of an Expeditor or Coordinator
>The project team will have a home to go, at the end of the project |
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Definition
>In a projectized organization, the project manager has maximum authority
>All the project managers, report to the program manager
>No home for project team members after project is finished |
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Definition
>2 Bosses – Functional Manager and Project Manager
>A matrix organization is a mix of projectized and functional organization |
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Term
| A matrix organization can take 3 forms: |
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Definition
o Strong matrix
o Weak matrix
o Balanced matrix |
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Term
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Definition
| Resources, Schedule, Budget, Quality, Scope, Risk |
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Term
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Definition
| the project manager has more authority |
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Term
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Definition
| the functional manager has more authority |
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Term
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Definition
| both share an equal power. (Assume for test) |
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Term
| An S-curve is typically used to represent? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| location to facilitate communication within the team |
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Term
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Definition
| the standard technique that is used to test only a small sample of products instead of all the products manufactured |
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Term
| According to PMBOK 90% of Project Managers time is spent? |
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Definition
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Definition
| an indication that the risk is about to occur or has occurred |
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Definition
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Term
| Learning curve estimation uses the principal? |
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Definition
| The cost per unit will decrease as more units of work are manufactured |
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Term
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Definition
| process where a committee asks questions from project representatives as part of the project selection process. |
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Term
| most common cause of conflicts? |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Calculates theoretical early start & finish dates & Late start and finish dates. |
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Term
| Can there be MULTIPLE CRITICAL PATHS? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 80/20 rule – 80% of all issues stem from 20% of root causes |
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Term
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Definition
| Used to determine if process is within acceptable limits. |
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Term
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Definition
| a data point falls outside defined limits |
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Term
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Definition
| if 7 consecutive data points fall on one side of MEAN, it is not random and is out of control |
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Term
| Positive Risk response strategies |
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Definition
o Acceptance
o Exploit – Making sure opportunity occurs
o Enhanced - Increase likelihood
o Share – Allocate ownership to a third party |
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Definition
| Waiting to define the work until you are about ready to actually do it. |
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Definition
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Definition
| the features and functions that characterize a product, service or result |
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Definition
| a group of related projects |
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Definition
| A collection of projects or programs that meet strategic business objectives |
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Term
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Definition
| Person/group that funds the project |
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Term
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Definition
| recognizing that a proect or phase should begin and commiting to it |
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Term
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Definition
| developing and maintaining a workable plan to accomplish the project objectives |
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Term
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Definition
| Coordinating people and other resources to carry out the plan |
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Term
| Monitoring and Controling |
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Definition
| ensuring that project objectives are met by monitoring and measuring progress and taking corrective actions when necessary |
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Term
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Definition
| formalizing acceptance of the project or phase and brining it to an orderly end |
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Term
| what is the 1st project document? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Formal, approved document used to manage project execution |
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Term
| Configuration management system |
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Definition
| tool to help facilitate change control activities.- Set of procedures designed to track changes to any characteristic or product being developed.- |
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Term
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Definition
| formally constitued group of stakeholders responsible for reviewing, evaluating, and determining the final disposition of the changes being requested |
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Term
| Requirements Management Plan |
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Definition
| Document which specifies "HOW" requirements will be analyzed, documented, and managed thorughout the project. |
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Term
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Definition
| Planned work is contained in the lowest level of WBS components |
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Term
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Definition
| Acceptance of work results |
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Term
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Definition
| Correctness of the work results |
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Term
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Definition
| used to assess the magnitude of variation from the scope baseline and determine whether corrective or preventive actions are required |
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Term
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Definition
the initiation sucessor activity depends on completion of the predecessor activity
*Initiation to completetion* |
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Term
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Definition
the completion sucessor activity depends on completion of the predecessor activity
*Completion to Completion* |
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Term
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Definition
the initiation sucessor activity depends on initiation of the predecessor activity
*Initation to Initiation* |
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Term
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Definition
the completion sucessor activity depends on initiation of the predecessor activity
*Completion to Initiation* |
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Term
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Definition
| Allows an acceleration of the successor actvity so that it partially overlaps its predecessor activity |
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Term
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Definition
| directs a delay in the initiation of the successor activity |
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Term
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Definition
| Uses results from a previous, similar project as the basis for estimating the current project. **Less Accurate** |
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Term
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Definition
| Uses a statistical relationship (such as a cost-per-square-foot formula)to calculate parameters on the current project. |
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Term
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Definition
| Improves accuracy by accounting for uncertainty and risk. |
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Term
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Definition
| resource availability data is applied to the schedule network to determine a resource constrained critical path known as the critical chain. |
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Term
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Definition
| any form of schedule network analysis in which scheduling decision are driven resource constraints. |
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Term
| What-If scenario Analysis |
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Definition
| Calculating multiple project durations with different sets of activity assumptions. (Monte Carlo Analysis) |
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Term
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Definition
| applying the schedule accelerations or delays determined during activity sequencing in order to develop a viable schedule |
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Term
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Definition
| Shortening project schedule without changing project scope in order to meet schedule constraints, imposed dates, or other schedule objectives. |
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Term
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Definition
| Amount of time an activity may be delayed from its early start without delalaying the project finish date |
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Term
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Definition
| The amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the early start of any immdeiately following activities |
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Term
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Definition
| adding additional resources, approving overtime or expediting deliveries along the critical path |
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Term
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Definition
| Doing activities in parallel that would ideally be done in sequence- usually resulting in rework and increased risk |
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Term
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Definition
| The cost of individual work-packages or activities is estimated at a high level of detail, then summarized to higher levels for reporting and tracking purposes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Specific activity cost estimates may include contingency reserves to account for cost uncertainty |
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Term
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Definition
| Cost estimates should include estimates for all the activites required to produce a quality product such as quality planning, control, testing, and rework. |
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Term
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Definition
| Project cost estimates include responsive bids from qualified vendors |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Costs directly attribute to the work on the project (travel, team, wages, recognition, costs of materials) |
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Term
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Definition
| Overhead items or costs incurred for the benefit of more than one project (taxes, software, fringe benefits, janitorial services) |
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Term
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Definition
| cost estimates for work packages is summarized at the higher compnent level and ultimately for the entire project |
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Term
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Definition
| Budget reserve analysis can establish both contingency and management reserves for the project |
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Term
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Definition
| budget allowance for identified risks |
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Term
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Definition
| budget allowance for unplanned changes to overall project scope or cost |
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Term
| Funding limit reconciliation |
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Definition
| difference between planned expenditures and acailale funding in a given time period may necessitate rescheduling of work to level the rate of expenditure |
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Term
| Cost performance baseline |
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Definition
| an authorized time-phased budget at completion (BAC) used to measure, monitor and control overall costs performance on the project |
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Term
| Project funding requiremens |
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Definition
| total funding requirements as derived from the cost baseline plus any management reserves. |
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Term
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Definition
| Budgeted Cost for Work scheduled |
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Term
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Definition
| Budget Cost for Work Performed |
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Term
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Definition
| Actual cost of work performed |
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Term
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Definition
| Total benefits (income /revenue) - Total Costs |
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Term
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Definition
| The rate at which revenues and costs are equal |
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Term
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Definition
| the time necessary to recover your investment and become profitable **Includes development time** |
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Term
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Definition
| the ratio of benefits to to the costs. |
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Term
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Definition
| the NPV of the project not performed so that another one could be. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Should sunk costs be considered when determining whether to continue with a troubled project? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the degree to which a set of inherent charactieristics fulfill requirements |
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Definition
| Keeping errors out of the process |
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Definition
| the esult conforms or it does not |
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Definition
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Definition
| A category assigned to products or services having the same functional use but different technical characteristics |
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Term
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Definition
| Keeping errors out of the hands of customers |
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Term
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Definition
| The result is rated on a continuous scale that measures the degree of conformity |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the values of repeated measurements are clustered and have lttle scatter |
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Term
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Definition
| the measured value is very close to the true value |
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Definition
| identifies stakeholders with a particular interest in, or impact on, quality |
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Term
| Cost performance baseline |
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Definition
| documents the accepted time frames for measuring cost performance |
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Term
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Definition
| documents the accepted time frame for schedule performance |
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Term
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Definition
| Contains information on threats and opportunities that may impact quality requirements |
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Term
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Definition
| business case for each quality activity compares the cost of the quality step to the expected benefits |
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Term
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Definition
| all costs incurred over the life of the product by investing in prevention, appraisals, and costs incurred due to failure |
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Term
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Definition
| comparing project practices to those of comparable projects in order to identify best practices, generate ideas for improvement, and to provide a basis for measuring performance |
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Definition
| a statistical framework for systematically changing all of the important design factors, rather than changing them one at a time |
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Definition
| Choosing part of a population of interest for inspection |
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Definition
| a graphical representation of a process showing the relationships among the process steps |
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Term
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Definition
a statistics driven approach for eliminating defects in a process.
**To achieve Six Sigma, a process must not produce more than 3.4 defects per million opportunities** |
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Term
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Definition
| a production practice cenetered around creating more value with less work by removing process steps which add no value from the customer's perspective |
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Term
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Definition
| combines approches from both lean manufacturing and six sigma methodologies |
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Term
| Quality function Deployment |
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Definition
| set of planning and communication routines which help link the design of the components to the needs of the customer |
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Term
| Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) |
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Definition
| A framework that desribes the key elements of an effective product development and maintenance process. |
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Term
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Definition
| used to visually identify logical grouping based on natural relationships |
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Definition
| a diagram of forces for and against a given change |
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Term
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Definition
| ideas are brainstormed in small groups then reviewed by a larger group |
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Term
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Definition
| Multiple sets of information organized into rows and columns with intersecting cells describing the relationship between information sets |
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Term
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Definition
| provides a wal of ranking a diverse set of problems and/or issues by importance |
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Definition
| describes how the project team will implement the quality policy |
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Definition
| an operational definition that describes a project or product attribute and how it will be measured |
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Term
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Definition
| a structured tool used to verify that a set of specific steps has been performed |
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Definition
| details the steps for analyzing processes to identify activities which enhance value |
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Term
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Definition
| structured, independent reviews to ensure project activities comply with organizational and project policies and procedures |
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Term
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Definition
| Following the steps outlined in the process improvement plan to identify needed improvments |
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Term
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Definition
| team members selected in advance |
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Term
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Definition
| with functional managers and other project teams to ensure appropriately competent staff are authorized to work on the project within the required time frame |
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Term
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Definition
| When the required competencies are not available within the organization that may be acquired from outside sources such as consultants or subcontractors |
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Definition
| Management has close supervision on employee's (no trust) |
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Term
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Definition
| Management has loose supervision on employee's (high trust) |
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Term
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Definition
| treating conflict as a problem to be solved by examining alternatives (ALWAYS A GOOD THING) |
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Definition
| Searching for solutions that bring some degree of satisfaction to all parties ***Lose-Lose*** |
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Term
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Definition
| emphasizing areas of agreement rather than areas of difference |
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Definition
| incorporating multiple viewpoints and insights from differing perspectives, leads to consensus and commitment. |
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Definition
| retreating from an actual or potential conflict situation |
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Definition
| Pushing one's viewpoint at the expense of others ***Win-Lose*** |
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Term
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Definition
| Communicating the project vision and inspiring the team to achieve high performance |
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Term
| Interactive Communication |
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Definition
| Multidirectional exchange of information |
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Term
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Definition
| distribution of info to a specific audience without confirmatino that it was received or understood (letters, memos, reports, etc.) |
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Term
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Definition
| requires the audience to access the info at their own discretion |
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Term
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Definition
| Collects in from experts but keeps them seperate |
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Term
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Definition
| An uncertain event or condition that if it occurs, has an effect on at least one project objective. |
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Term
| Risk BreakDown Structure (RBS) |
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Definition
| Lists categories under which risk may arise. |
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Term
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Definition
| a technique for determining which risks have the greatest potential impact on the project ***Tornado Diagrams*** |
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Term
| Expected Monetary Value (EMV) |
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Definition
| Statistical technique for calculating average outcomes when future scenarios contain uncertainty ***Decision Tree Analysis*** |
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Term
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Definition
| a simulation uses a model that translates specified project uncertainties into their potential impacts on project objectives ***Monte Carlo Simulation*** |
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Definition
| risks that arise as a direct result of implementing a risk response |
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Definition
| risks that remain after the risk response |
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Term
| Procurement Management Plan |
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Definition
| describes how the procurement processes will be managed from developing procurement documents through contract closure |
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Term
| Procurement Statements of work |
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Definition
| defines the portion of the project scope that is to be included within the related procurement contract |
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Term
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Definition
| conclusions regarding which products and services will be acquired from outside the project team |
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Definition
| used to solicit proposals from prospective sellers |
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Term
| Source selection criteria |
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Definition
| used to rate or score prospective seller proposals |
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Term
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Definition
| processed through the perform integrated change control process |
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Term
| Request for information (RFI) |
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Definition
| a document in which the buyer requests general info related to the sellers product, service, or capabilities |
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Term
| Request for proposal (RFP) |
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Definition
| a document used to request details of how a prospective sellers products or services will be able to meet the needs of a specific application |
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Term
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Definition
| Generally equivalent to an RFP, but can have a more specific meaning in some application areas |
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Term
| Request for Quotation (RFQ) |
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Definition
| a document used to request price quotations from perspective sellers of common products or services |
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Definition
| Generally used when it is known that a contract will definetly be awarded to one of the proposals submitted |
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Term
| Invitation for Negotiation |
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Definition
| Generally used in government contracts to ensure that everyone who may have an interest in contracting with the offering party has a chance to do so |
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Term
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Definition
| meetings with all prospective sellers prior to submittal of bids |
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Term
| Proposal evaluation techniques |
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Definition
| the formal review process defined by the buyers policies |
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Term
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Definition
| the procuring organization may elect to prepare its own independent estimate, or have an estimate of costs prepared by an outside professional estimator, to serve as a benchmark on proposal responses |
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Term
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Definition
| evaluation of proposals by a multi-disciplinary review team |
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Term
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Definition
| clarification of the structure, requirements, and terms of the mutual agreement |
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Term
| Contract change control system |
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Definition
| defines the process by which the procurement can be modified |
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Term
| Procurement performance review |
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Definition
| a structured review of the sellers progress to deliver project scope and quality, within cost and on schedule |
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Term
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Definition
| to verify the sellers compliance with the procurement contract |
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Term
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Definition
| periodic information regarding how effectively the seller is achieving contractual obligations |
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Term
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Definition
| Payments are typically processed by the buyers accounts payable system after the work has been approved as satisfactory by the project team |
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Term
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Definition
| System for settlement of claims, disputes, or appeals where the buyer and seller cannot agree impact of, or compensation for changes |
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