Term
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Definition
| control and elimination of malignant cells by the immune system |
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Term
| Tumor Antigens Recognized by T cells |
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Definition
Most tumor antigens recognized by CD8+ T cells
- less known is role of CD4+ T cells |
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Term
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Definition
Anti-tumor immunity develops when T cells recognize tumor antigens and are activated
* Immune system faces challenge:
- must kill ALL tumor cells to be effective
* tumor cells may evade immune responses in a number of ways |
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Term
| Mechanisms of Tumor Evasion |
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Definition
| Anatomical location, growth rate, failure to express potent tumor antigens or MHC molecules. Secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines (tumor growth factor B), induce low levels of costimulators on APC's (engagement of CTLA-4 on T cells, not allowing activation. Induction of regulatory T cells |
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Term
| Strategies of Immmunotherapy |
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Definition
Provide antitumor effectors to patients
Actively immunize patients against their tumors
Stimulate patient's own antitumor immune responses |
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Term
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Definition
One of earliest strategies for tumor immunotherapy.
* Immune effectors injected into patient
- monoclonal antibodies
- tumor antigen-specific T cells |
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Term
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Definition
| multiple B cells producing antibody to multiple epitopes of an antigen |
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Term
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Definition
One B cell producing the same class of antibody toward one specific epitope.
Use sepcific antibody to target specific epitope. Need B cell growing continuously |
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Term
| Monoclonal antibody therapy |
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Definition
Bind tumor and activate effector mechanisms (phagocytes, complement)
Deliver toxins to tumor cells
Block growth factor signaling
Block angiogenesis |
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Term
| Adoptive Cellular Therapy |
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Definition
lymphocytes isolated from blood or tumor infiltrate of a pt
- cells expanded by culture in IL-2 infused back into patient |
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Term
| Active immunity by blockage of T cell inhibitory molecules |
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Definition
Newer approach in tumor immunotherapy
- boosts immune response by blocking normal inhibitory siganls for lymphocytes
- like taking away the brakes |
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Term
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Definition
Pt's treated with cytokines that induce lymphocyte activation
* e.g. IL-2 ; toxic at high doses, required to stimulate anti-tumor T cell responses |
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