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Treaty negotiated by the Pope to resolve territorial claims of Spain and Portugal |
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| One of the largest urban centers created by the Mississippian people close to present-day St. Louis |
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| The transatlantic exchange of plants, animals, food, people, diseases, and ideas |
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| Settled in farming communities in what is present-day Colorado, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico |
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A religious movement that challenged the Catholic Church and led to a separation of the church |
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Became the dominant religion through many parts of North and West Africa |
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| an indigenous people of Mexico and Central America who have continuously inhabited the lands comprising modern-day Yucatan, Quintana Roo, Campeche, Tabasco, and Chiapas in Mexico and southward through Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador and Honduras |
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| Warrior people who dominated the Valley of Mexico from about 1100 AD to 1521 when Spanish soldiers led by Hernan Cortez invaded |
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A city located in the Songhai empire that was an important center of trade and government |
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Settled along the river valleys, farmed, and hunted bison
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| Capital city of the Aztec Empire |
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The Act of Religious Toleration |
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Freedom of Worship for all Christians |
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Group of People pooled money together to help fund colonization expeditions |
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| Want to purify the church of England from within; founded Massachusetts Bay Colony |
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| First Legislative body in English America |
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| Member of the Society of Friends and helped found Pennsylvania |
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Separated from the Church of England; founded the Plymouth colony |
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| First Document to establish self-government in North America |
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Defined Status of slaves and codified denial of Civil Rights |
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| Individual who contracted to serve a master for a period of four to seven years |
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| First permanent French settlement in North America (1608) |
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| English settlement in the Chesapeake Bay |
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| a Former slave who bought his freedom and wrote about slave injustices |
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| - Rebellion in 1680 of Pueblo Indians and Spanish Colonists |
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The Voyage between West Africa and the New World slave colonies |
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The Voyage between West Africa and the New World slave colonies |
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| Led a violent campaign against many Native American villages and then attacked Jamestown |
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Labor contract signed in America rather than in Europe |
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| Series of bloody conflicts occurring between 1640 and 1680 between Iroquois and Hurons |
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| Conflict in New England (1675-1676) between Wampanoags, Narragansetts and other Indian peoples against the English settlers sparked by English encroachment on native lands |
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| The practice whereby elected representatives normally reside in their districts and are directly responsive to local interests |
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| Major intellectual movement occurring in Western Europe in the late 17th and early 18th centuries |
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| Major intellectual movement occurring in Western Europe in the late 17th and early 18th centuries |
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| The Albany Plan of Union was a plan to create a unified government for the Thirteen Colonies, suggested by Benjamin Franklin, then a senior leader and a delegate from Pennsylvania, at the Albany Congress on July 10, 1754 in Albany, New York. |
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| Country, or “Real Whig” ideology |
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| The Whigs were a political faction and then a political party in the parliaments of England, Scotland, Great Britain, Ireland and the United Kingdom. |
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| James II’s failed plan of 1686 to combine eight northern colonies into a single large province, to be governed by a roal appointee (Sir Edmund Andros) with an appointed council but no elective assembly. The plan ended with James’s ouster from the English throne and rebellion in Massachusetts against Adro’s Rule |
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| Items produced in the colonies and enumerated in acts of Parliament that could be legally shipped from the colony of origin only to specified locations, usually England and other Destinations within the British Empire |
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| The last of the anglo-french colonial wars and the first in which fighting began in North America. The war ended with France’s defeat and the loss of its North American empire. |
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| Bloodless revolt that occurred in England in 1688 when parliamentary leaders invited William of Orange, a Protestant, to assume the english throne. |
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| Separate peace treaties negotiated by Iroquois diplomats at Montreal and Albany that marked the beginning of the Iroquois neutrality in conflicts between the French and the British in North America. |
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| Separate peace treaties negotiated by Iroquois diplomats at Montreal and Albany that marked the beginning of the Iroquois neutrality in conflicts between the French and the British in North America. |
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| Tremendous religious revival in colonial America. Sparked by the tour of the English evangelical minister, George Whitefield, the Awakening struck first in the middle colonies and New England in the 1740s and eventually spread to the southern colonies by the 1760s |
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| Plan adopted in 1662 by New England clergy to deal with the problem of declining church membership allowing children of baptized parents to be baptized whether or not their parents had experienced conversion. |
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| The third Anglo-French war in North America. part of the european conflict known as the war of the Austrian Succession. |
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| The first Anglo-French conflict in North America. The American can phase of Europe’s war of the League of Augsburg. |
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Economic system whereby the government intervenes in the economy for the purpose of increasing national wealth. |
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People who experienced conversion during the revivals of the Great Awakening. |
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| American phase Europe’s war of the Spanish Succession |
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| Negotiation in 1744 whereby Iroquois chiefs sold Virginia land speculators the right to trade at the forks of the ohio |
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| the formal end to britain hostilities against france and spain in february 1763 |
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| the notion that parliamentary members represented the interests of the nation of a whole, not those of the particular district that elected them |
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Violent conflict in Virginia (1675-1676) beginning with settler attacks on Indians but culminating in a rebellion led by Nathaniel Bacon against Virginia’s Government. |
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| Slave Codes are the subset of laws regarding slavery and enslaved people, specifically in the Americas. |
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| a person of mixed European and black descent, especially in the Caribbean. |
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| An indentured servant or indentured laborer is an employee within a system of unfree labor who is bound by a signed or forced contract to work for a particular employer for a fixed time. |
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| After months of increasing friction between townspeople and the British troops stationed in the city, on March 5, 1770, British troops fired on American civilians in Boston |
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| Incident that occurred on 10/16/1773, in which Bostonians, disguised as Indians, destroyed £9,000 worth of tea belonging to the British East India Company in order to prevent payment of the duty on it |
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| Legislation passed by Parliament in 1774; included the Boston Port Act, the Massachusetts Government Act, the Administration of Justice Act, and the Quartering Act of 1774. |
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| Law passed in 1766 to accompany repeal of the Stamp Act that stated that Parliament had the authority to legislate for the colonies “in all cases however |
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| First Continental Congress |
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| Meeting of delegates from most of the colonies held in 1774 in response to the Coercive Acts. The congress endorsed the Suffolk Resolves, adopted the Declaration of Rights and Grievances, and agreed to establish the Continental Association. |
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| Indian uprising in 1763 to 1766 led by Pontiac of the Ottawas and Neolin of the Delawares. |
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| Royal proclamation setting the boundary known as the proclamation line |
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| Acts of Parliament requiring colonial legislatures to provide supplies and quarters for the troops stationed in America |
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| Law passed by Parliament in 1774 that provided an appointed government for Canada, enlarged the boundaries of Quebec, and confirmed the privileges of the Catholic Church |
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| a collection of loosely organized activists that put pressure on stamp distributors and British authorities |
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| Law passed by parliament in 1765 to raise revenue in America by requiring taxed, stamped paper for legal documents, publications, and playing cards. |
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| October 1765 meeting of delegates sent by nine colonies, that adopted the Declaration of Rights and Grievances and petitioned against the stamp act |
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| Law passed in 1764 to raise revenue in American colonies. Lowered the duty from 6 pence to 3 pence per gallon on foreign molasses imported into the colonies and increased the restrictions on colonial commerce. |
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| Act of Parliament that permitted the East India Company to sell through agents in America without paying the duty customarily collected in Britain, thus reducing the retail price |
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| Derisive term applied to loyalists in America who supported the king and Parliament just before and during the American Revolution |
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| Act of Parliament, passed in 1767, imposed duties on colonial tea, lead, paint, paper, and glass |
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| The name used by advocates of colonial resistance to British measures during the 1760s and 70s |
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| documents issued by a court of law that gave British officials in America the power to search for smuggled goods whenever they wished |
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