Term
| DOE, PND, edema. Echo w/ LVH or RVH, hypokinesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CHF, dilagted cardiomyopathy |
|
|
Term
| High output heart failure |
|
Definition
| Pregnancy, thyrotoxicosis, anemia, beriberi, paget’s disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ischemic heart disease, HTN, dilated CM, valve disease, arrhythmia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Young athlete with syncope during athletic event or practice. No physical exam abnormalities |
|
Definition
| Hypertrophic CM or fatal arrhythmia. Get EKG or Echo |
|
|
Term
| Alcoholic with DOE, heart failure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Alcoholic with palpitations, arrhythmia |
|
Definition
| Atrial fibrillation (Holiday heart) |
|
|
Term
| Pericarditis post open heart surgery |
|
Definition
| Dressler’s syndrome. Tx w/ ASA #1. Indomethacin or other NSAID OK. |
|
|
Term
| JVD, Hypotension, muffled heart sounds |
|
Definition
| Pericardial effusion/tamponade (Beck’s triad) |
|
|
Term
| Electrical alternans, narrow pulse pressure, pulsus paradoxus |
|
Definition
| Pericardial effusion/tamponade |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pericardial effusion/tamponade, pericarditis, asthma attack, tension PTX, SVC obstruction |
|
|
Term
| Constant, sharp CP worse lying down, better sitting up and leaning forward |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Crushing CP, dyspnea, palpitations, radiation to neck or left arm |
|
Definition
| Angina (if lasts minutes), AMI if lasts > 30 minutes. Acute Ischemia – ST elevation; Injury – T wave depression; Infarct – Q wave |
|
|
Term
| Hx angina but no acute sx. EKG no acute changes. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Atrial fibrillation or prosthetic valve |
|
Definition
| Warfarin (2 – 3 for Afib; 2.5 – 3.5 for valve); Tx Warfarin OD is vitamin K |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Atrial fibrillation; (if > 48 or chronic – anticoagulate) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ACEI (improves survival, prevents development of heart failure Sx) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| HTN Tx w/ meds, cough or angioedema |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Grossly elevated blood pressure esp. w/ signs of EOD |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hx CHF on diuretic & digoxin |
|
Definition
| Suspect dig toxicity (hypokalemia from diuretic = dig toxicity) |
|
|
Term
| EKG changes, N, V, yellow-green visual disturbances |
|
Definition
| Digoxin toxicity (Hypokalemia will make worse) |
|
|
Term
| Flank pain, hypotension, pulsatile abdominal mass |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sudden onset ripping, tearing chest pain, diminished pulses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Systolic ejection murmur heard best at base with radiation to left clavicle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Diastolic murmur best heart at apex without radiation |
|
Definition
| Mitral stenosis (ARMS are BAD) |
|
|
Term
| Lateral displaced PMI, Canon “a” waves, Quincke’s pulse, Corrigan’s pulse, Austin flint murmur, deMusset’s sign, water |
|
Definition
| Aortic Regurgitation/Insufficiency: Quincke’s pulse (subungual capillar pulsation), Corrigan (rapid rise and fall), Austin filnt (low pitch middiastolic murmur at apex) |
|
|
Term
| Diamond shaped, blowing systolic murmur. May have angina, syncope, CHF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Elderly w/ systolic murmur |
|
Definition
| Aortic stenosis (due to calcifications – age related (or bicuspid valve - congenital) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bacterial endocarditis (strep. Viridians) |
|
|
Term
| Mechanical valve or prosthesis & Dental, GU, GI, or ortho procedure prophylaxis |
|
Definition
| Bacterial endocarditis (strep. Viridians) prevention |
|
|
Term
| HTN not responsive to basic meds |
|
Definition
| Think secondary HTN most likely Renal artery stenosis (infrarenal artery). |
|
|
Term
| Tx of HTN w/ alpha-blocker |
|
Definition
| SE is postural Hypotension |
|
|
Term
| Peds w/ leg pain after physical activity, abnormal heart sounds, unequal UE & LE pulses, rib notching |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Infant w/ dyspnea, difficulty feeding. Holosystolic murmur @ LSB, 3rd ICS. LVH & RVH |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Holosystolic murmur @ LSB, may have ventricular hypertrophy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cyanotic infant with systolic thrill @ LSB, systolic ejection murmur +/- click |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Continuous harsh, machine-like murmur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Murmur & Hx rheumatic heart disease |
|
Definition
| Mitral stenosis #1, Tricuspid Stenosis #2 |
|
|
Term
| New murmur after MI (esp. if apical systolic) |
|
Definition
| Mitral regurgitation (caused by papillary muscle rupture) |
|
|
Term
| Systolic murmur heard best at apex with radiation to left axilla (apical systolic) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Female or Post MI, systolic murmur best @ apex preceded by click without radiation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Infections – lung abscess, TB (Gohn focus) |
|
|
Term
| Deep breathing alternating w/ apnea |
|
Definition
| Cheyne-Stokes breathing – heart failure, brain damage |
|
|
Term
| Rapid, deep labored breathing |
|
Definition
| Kussmaul breathing – DKA, Metabolic acidosis |
|
|
Term
| Blue extremities worse w/ cold exposure, improves w/ warming |
|
Definition
Acrocyanosis
Acrocyanosis is blueness of the extremities (the hands and feet). Acrocyanosis is typically symmetrical. It is marked by a mottled blue or red discoloration of the skin on the fingers and wrists and the toes and ankles. Profuse sweating and coldness of the fingers and toes may also occur.
Acrocyanosis is caused by narrowing (constriction) of small arterioles (tiny arteries) toward the end of the arms and legs |
|
|
Term
| Trendelenberg test of extremities |
|
Definition
| Tests for veinous insufficiency. |
|
|
Term
| LE pain after long periods of standing. Dilated, tortuous, veins |
|
Definition
| Varicose veins. Tx w/ compression stockings |
|
|
Term
LE rubor, no hair, brittle nails, pallor on elevation, calf or LE pain esp. with walking short distances relieved with rest or at PM
Claudication with rest pain, (ABI < 0.4) |
|
Definition
Arterial insufficiency/PAD, Intermittent claudication (ABI best choice, ateriogram gold standard)
Tx is arterial bypass |
|
|
Term
| Young female (<30yo), palpitations, long arms & fingers, pectus excavatum, ectopic lentis, flexible joints |
|
Definition
| Marfan’s Syndrome – MVP, Aortic regurgitation, Aortic dissection, Aortic root dilatation, ectopic lentis |
|
|
Term
| Short PR, wide QRS, Delta wave |
|
Definition
| Wolf-parkinson-white; avoid Digoxin, |
|
|
Term
| Lung scan with perfusion defects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dyspnea after surgery, travel (airplane), LE Fx. May have c/o calf pain also. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Granulomas and inflammation of alveoli, small bronchi and small blood vessels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Reticular to nodular pattern on CXR |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ground glass appearance on CXR |
|
Definition
| Asbestosis (shipbuilders, building demolition) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pleural thickening on CXR |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Apical infiltrates, F, C, dry cough |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Venous stasis, vessel wall injury, hypercoagulability |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pediatric with barking cough, stridor |
|
Definition
| viral croup (laryngotracheobronchitis); Tx w/ racemic epi and glucocorticosteroids if stridor at rest. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lower respiratory FB, asthma |
|
|
Term
| Drooling, sniffing position, tripod, toxic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| FB, viral croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| FB, viral croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) |
|
|
Term
| Premature infant with respiratory distress |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Preemie CXR w/ hypoexpansion (ATX), air bronchograms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Smoker, chronic productive cough. NO hemoptysis, wt. loss. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PNA w/ DM, immunocompromised, EtOH. Currant color sputum. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| <35 yo, college students. Fever, cough, +/- sputum, chills, muscle aches |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| >35yo with PNA. Rusty colored or yellow-green sputum. Acute onset F/C |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fever, cough, sputum. Crackles, decreased breath sounds, dullness to percussion, +egophony, pectoriloquy. CXR – infiltrates or consolidation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Airway edema with eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Wheezing, prolonged expiration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hyperinflation on CXR, tear drop heart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stab wound, dullness to percussion, decreased breath sounds. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stab wound, hyperresonance to percussion, decreased breath sounds, tympany |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| < 2 days post-op with fever |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pseudomonas aueroginosa causative agent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pediatric with Hx recurrent lung infections, pancreatitis, reproductive problems, FTT |
|
Definition
| Cystic fibrosis (Staph & Pseudomonal infections usually cause of death) |
|
|
Term
| PNA & decreased mental status, poor dental hygiene, dentures, foul smelling sputum, bronchiectasis. Patchy infiltrates in dependant lung zones |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PNA & HIV+, AIDS, Immunocompromised. Sx out of proportion to exam. Diffuse interstitial & alveolar infiltrates |
|
Definition
| Pneumocystis jerovecii; TMP-SMX = Drug of choice |
|
|
Term
| PNA from Nursing homes, chronic care facility. Purulent sputum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PNA w/ Water, late summer, construction site. Diarrhea. Toxic looking |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Elevated AST, ALT, indirect bilirubin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hx IBD, progressive RUQ pain, wt loss, F, jaundice & pruritis. Elevated bilrubin & alkaline phosphate. ERCP with bile duct stenosis, dilatation |
|
Definition
| Primary sclerosing cholangitis (diffuse intra- and extrahepatic duct sclerosing and dilatation) |
|
|
Term
| F, RUQ pain, Jaundice, gallstones & dilated common duct on US |
|
Definition
| Ascending cholangitis (Charcot’s triad) |
|
|
Term
| Elevated Alkaline phosphatase, urinary bilirubin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fever, RUQ pain, radiation to back |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fat, forty, female, fertile w/ RUQ pain |
|
Definition
| Cholelithiasis or Cholecystitis |
|
|
Term
| s/p thoracic trauma. Multiple rib fractures. Chest wall moves in with inspiration, out with expiration. |
|
Definition
| Flail chest (pain control, incentive spirometry, pulmonary toilet, intubation) |
|
|
Term
| Poor sleeping, obese, daytime fatigue & drowsy, snoring, HTN, PM wakening |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stab wound to chest. Hypotension, tracheal shift |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tall, skinny, male, band student, acute onset one-sided chest pain, dyspnea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Air fluid levels on upright abd plain film |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Abdominal distension, bloating, intermittent, colicky pain, high-pitched rushes & tinkles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Peri-umbilical or flank ecchymosis |
|
Definition
| Acute pancreatitis (Cullen & Grey Turner’s Sign) |
|
|
Term
| N/V, epigastric abdominal pain, worse supine, caused by alcohol ingestion, or following fatty meals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Multiple or constant GI ulcer pain despite medications |
|
Definition
| Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Chronic cough, bitter taste in mouth or throat, dyspepsia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
triple therapy with PPI for 14 days
clarithromycin
-- AND --
amoxicillin or
metronidazole if penicillin allergic |
|
|
Term
| Photosensitivity, abd pain w/ neurologic dysfunction, erythema or skin fragility |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Elevated indirect bilirubin w/ defective glucuronyl transferase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Isolated elevated indirect bilirubin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Supraclavicular LAD (L > R) |
|
Definition
| Virchow’s node – metastatic abdominal cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Female with recurrent abdominal pain, alternating diarrhea, constipation. Pain relieved with defecation. |
|
Definition
| IBS. TCA’s (nortriptyline) good if diarrhea predominant symptom |
|
|
Term
| Alcoholic with massive hemoptysis |
|
Definition
| Esophageal varicies (Tx w/ octreotide) |
|
|
Term
| Painless rectal bleeding in pediatrics |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Choking, cyanosis, respiratory distress, increased secretions in 1st hours of life |
|
Definition
| Tracheoesophageal fistula |
|
|
Term
| Neonate w/ projectile vomiting. Olive sized mass. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Elderly, Hx atherosclerosis. Dull crampy periumbilical pain post-prandial |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Diverticulitis. IV Abx, fluids, NPO. |
|
|
Term
| Air under diaphragm, rigid board-like abdomen |
|
Definition
| Perforated viscus, perforated ulcer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Treat with Ondansetron (Zofran) (5-HT3 blockers) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hepatocellular carcinoma, testicular seminoma (germ cell tumor) |
|
|
Term
| Family history of young age colon cancer, multiple polyps found on colonoscopy |
|
Definition
| Familial adenomatous polyposis (Gardner’s syndrome) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Elderly with positive hemmocult. |
|
Definition
| Colon Cancer – get colonoscopy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PUD, Pernicious anemia (Type A Gastritis), H. pylori |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hard periumbilical nodule |
|
Definition
| Sister mary Joseph nodule = indicates metastatic gastric and pancreatic cancers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thiamine; Alcoholics, Neuro Sx |
|
|
Term
| Anti-endomysial antibodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Weight loss, recurrent greasy stools (steatorrhea) mixed with diarrhea after certain foods |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pediatric with perianal pruritis esp. at PM. Positive cellophane tape test |
|
Definition
| Pruritis ani – Pinworms (enterobiasis). Tx is Mebendazole |
|
|
Term
| Painless rectal bleeding. Bulging perianal mass w/ straining |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acute bacterial diarrhea w/ prodrome of HA, F, then crampy abd pain & diarrhea |
|
Definition
| Campylobacter jejuni – most common cause of acute bacterial diarrhea |
|
|
Term
| Abdominal pain, diarrhea after picnic/party. Eaten ham, cream, custards, mayonnaise |
|
Definition
| Staphylococcus aureus infectious diarrhea |
|
|
Term
| Afebrile, watery or loose stool. No blood or mucus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Greasy, foul smelling, floating stools. Pear-shaped flagellated protozoan w/ 2 “eyes”. Water, travel, camping history |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| E. coli is cause. Hydration & Cipro to treat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Niacin (4D’s dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death), bright red tongue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vit C (easy bleeding, bruising, hair & tooth loss, joint pain & swelling) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Riboflavin deficiency (B2) |
|
|
Term
| s/p gastric bypass surgery or gastric surgery. N, abd cramping, dizziness after eating. No masses, bleeding |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Diabetic w/ anorexia, anemia, wt loss, pallor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gastroparesis, impotence, recurrent infections, stocking-glove paresthesia |
|
Definition
| Diabetic neuropathy (Treat w/ TCA (amitriptyline) |
|
|
Term
| Hypoglycemia despite glucose administration. Increased C-peptide |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hypoglycemia in alcoholic |
|
Definition
| Give Thiamine before glucose to prevent Wernicke’s encephalopathy |
|
|
Term
| Decreased radioactive iodine uptake, decreased free T4, increased TSH |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Female, weight loss, palpitations, atrial fibrillation |
|
Definition
| Hyperthyroid (work it up with TSH, T4) |
|
|
Term
| Exopthalmos, palpitations, wt. loss. Elevated radioactive idodine uptake |
|
Definition
| Hyperthyroid, Graves Dx – Tx w/ Radioactive iodine |
|
|
Term
| Post thyroidectomy – most likely injury |
|
Definition
| Recurrent laryngeal nerve = hoarseness |
|
|
Term
| Post thyroidectomy – electrolyte watch |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Infant w/ round face, large protruding tongue, dry skin, umbilical hernia, constipation, enlarged abdomen, poor feeding, delayed developmental milestones |
|
Definition
| Congenital Hypothyroidism |
|
|
Term
Recurrent HA, HTN not responding to meds, sweating
Attacks of severe HA, HTN, glucosuria
Urinary catecholamines, urinary metanephrines |
|
Definition
| Pheochromocytoma – Tx pre-op w/ alpha blocker |
|
|
Term
| HTN not responsive to meds |
|
Definition
| Renal artery stenosis (Infrarenal artery) |
|
|
Term
| HTN w/ hypernatremia, hypokalemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Wt. gain, edema, coarse dry skin, hair, menorrhagia, cold intolerance, hx transphenoidal surgery & radiation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tetany, hypocalcemia, cataracts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exogenous corticosteroid use |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dexamethasone suppression test |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Central obesity, abdominal stria, hyperglycemia, moon facies, buffalo hump, easy bruising |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Addison’s disease, crisis |
|
|
Term
| Hyperpigmentation, hypoglycemia, orthostatic hypotension, hypotension not responsive to fluids, hypotension following an illness, trauma, or surgery |
|
Definition
| Addison’s disease, crisis (Low aldosterone; get Random or AM cortisol, ACTH stimulation test) |
|
|
Term
| Worsening fatigue, wt loss, weakness, recurrent abdominal pain, hair loss, hyperpigmentation. Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia |
|
Definition
| Addison’s disease, crisis (Low aldosterone; get Random or AM cortisol, ACTH stimulation test) |
|
|
Term
| Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia |
|
Definition
| Acute adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s crisis) |
|
|
Term
| Polyuria, polydipsia. Dilute urine, Hypernatremia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Concentrated urine. Hyponatremia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 45,X – low hairline, low set ears, webbed neck, short stature; shield chest, wide set nipples, infertility, lack of Secondary sex characteristics |
|
Definition
| Turners (gonadal dysgenesis |
|
|
Term
| XXY ♂ - short stature, ↓ intelligence; small firm testes, gynecomastia, abn arm-body length |
|
Definition
| Klinefelters (hypogonadism) |
|
|
Term
| [image] |
Question:
A 55-year-old male is brought to the emergency room with rigid, painful, red swelling in the anterior part of his neck. He smells of alcohol and is incoherent. He has a fever of 102 degrees. His history is unreliable due to intoxication. Examination shows a tense, firm, red suppurative mass in the submandibular area. Pharyngeal examination reveals poor dentition and malodorous breath. Sinuses are nontender to palpation. Lungs are clear to auscultation bilaterally. Soft tissue neck films reveal significant soft tissue swelling and moderate airway compression. White blood cell count is 22,300 and a gram stain of the purulent drainage shows mixed gram-negative and gram-positive pleomorphic organisms. The most likely diagnosis is
|
| [image][image] |
A |
|
Ludwig Angina |
| [image][image] |
B |
|
Dichuchwa |
| [image][image] |
C |
|
Scrofula |
| [image][image] |
D |
|
Siti |
| [image][image] |
E |
|
Bejel |
|
|
Definition
| Ludwig's angina is a dangerous cellulitis of the submandibular area that usually originates from poor dentition, particularly the rearmost molars in alcoholics. The infection causes swelling of the pharyngeal structures and can lead to airway compromise. Tracheostomy is sometimes needed to maintain an airway. The organisms involved are typically Staph or Strep species, but mixed anaerobic infections also occur. Intravenous antibiotics and airway support are the main treatments. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Normal (may be present after febrile illness, strenuous exercise) |
|
|
Term
| Increased BUN/Cr, low FeNa |
|
Definition
| Prerenal Failure (Azotemia) |
|
|
Term
| Irritative voiding symptoms, Fever, chills, CVA tenderness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Crush injury, alcoholic on ground, elevated CPK, ARF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Painless hematuria, flank pain or mass |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Oliguria, hematuria, proteinuria following streptococcal infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hematuria, purpuric rash following streptococcal infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hematuria, RBC casts, proteinuria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Kidney & lung bleeding (hematuria, hemoptysis) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fibrous band on lateral penis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| < 40 yo male with Fever, perineal pain, dysuria. |
|
Definition
| Acute prostatitis caused by Chlamydia & N. gonorrhea. Treat accordingly (Bactrim #2 choice). > 40yo think e. coli is cause (Tx w/ FQ) |
|
|
Term
| >50 yo obstructive voiding sx, nocturia. Firm smooth enlarged prostate. Nl PSA |
|
Definition
| BPH. (Cancer would have firm, irregular, nodular non-tender prostate, elevated PSA) |
|
|
Term
| Incontinence with straining |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Recurrent kidney stones, elevated Calcium, decreased phosphorus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hearing loss or tinnitus w/ metabolic acidosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Head trauma, disoriented – lucent – coma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| LP w/ decreased glucose, increased protein |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| LP w/ decreased protein, very few neutrophils |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Grp B Strep, E. coli (Tx < 1yo = Vanco + Rocephin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| H. inlu, Grp B strep, N. meningititis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Unilateral facial weakness w/ inability to close eye |
|
Definition
| Bell’s palsy (self-limiting) |
|
|
Term
| Adolescent female w/ HA. +FHx. Severe HA, N/V, photphobia. +/- auras |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Male, recurrent relapsing HA. Worsened w/ EtOH, Lacrimation, salivation, rhinorrhea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sudden onset thunderclap HA, “worse HA of my life” |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| >50 yo female w/ HA. Temporal artery tenderness or blindness |
|
Definition
| Temporal arteritis (Giant cell arteritis). Elevated ESR, get temporal artery biopsy |
|
|
Term
| Recurrent episodes of vision change, diplopia, weakness & tingling in extremities that resolve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| myelin fragments, ↑ IgG, oligoclonal bands (Pathognomonic); Lhermitte’s sign = electrical sensation down body w/ neck flexion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| HA worse in AM w/ focal neuro deficits |
|
Definition
| Brain Tumor (MC is glioma) |
|
|
Term
| s/p Fall w/ bilateral LE weakness, urinary and rectal incontinence, decreased rectal tone |
|
Definition
| Cauda equine syndrome = neurosurgical consult |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Paralysis after Campylobacter enteritis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Weakness and fatigue in upper limbs, blurry vision, diplopia, respiratory distress |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Young kid with difficulty standing from seated position. Calf muscle wasting |
|
Definition
| Muscular dystrophy (weakness begins at pelvic girdle) |
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|
Term
| Pediatric with fever or Hx URI with encephalopathy, emesis, hyperactive reflexes, hepatomegaly, elevated liver enzymes |
|
Definition
| Reye’s syndrome from URI/post-flu or aspirin use |
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|
Term
| Pediatric with episodes of blank stares |
|
Definition
| Absence (petit-mal) seizures. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Absence (petit-mal) seizures. |
|
|
Term
| “Ash leaf” hypopigmentation of trunk & Ext, shagreen patch, sebaceous adenomas, seizures, mental retardation; Ass. w/ PCK, renal hemartomas |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Afferent papillary defect, marcus-gunn pupils |
|
Definition
| Optic nerve lesion. Tertiary syphilis (marcus-gunn) |
|
|
Term
| Bilateral pinpoint pupils |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anticholinergics, TCA, anti-parkinsonian drugs, profound hypoxemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ipsilateral optic nerve lesion |
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|
Term
| Superior contralateral quadrantopia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ipsilateral optic tract lesion |
|
|
Term
| Eye trauma, diplopia. Exophthalmos, fixed upward gaze, hyphema |
|
Definition
| Orbital blow-out fracture; Immediate ophthalmology referral |
|
|
Term
| Painless, nontender nodule on upper or lower eyelid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Painful swelling of upper or lower eyelid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Painless, yellow triangular nodule on conjunctivia |
|
Definition
| Pinguecula (more common on nasal side) |
|
|
Term
| Curtain or veil over my eyes, new onset floaters |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Transient monocular vision loss Amaurosis fugax |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Painless vision loss. History of TIA, palpitations, arrhythmia, carotid disease, embolic source |
|
Definition
| CRAO (pale retina, cherry red macula) |
|
|
Term
| Painless vision loss. History of HTN |
|
Definition
| CRVO (blood & Thunder, retinal hemorrhages) |
|
|
Term
| Cherry red fovea with pale retina |
|
Definition
| central Retinal artery occlusion |
|
|
Term
| Vision loss over hours to days, painful EOM |
|
Definition
| Optic Neuritis (assoc. w/ MS) |
|
|
Term
| Recurrent episodes of vision change, diplopia that resolve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Red eye, watery discharge, preauricular LAD |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Red eye, copious purulent discharge |
|
Definition
| Gonococcal conjunctivitis |
|
|
Term
| Red eye, hyperemia, chemosis, nodular conjunctivia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acute Painful red eye, halos (or colored rings around lights), hazy, steamy cornea. Pupil is fixed and (mid) dilated. Onset after being in dark room like after walking out of movie theater |
|
Definition
| Acute angle-closure glaucoma |
|
|
Term
| Diplopia, dysarthria, dysphagia |
|
Definition
| Vertibrobasilar insufficiency |
|
|
Term
| Unilateral foul smelling or purulent nasal discharge in a pediatric patient |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| HA, sinus pressure, yellow – green nasal discharge |
|
Definition
| Sinusitis – CT is gold standard |
|
|
Term
| Sneezing, clear rhinorrhea, post-nasal drip, nasal congestion seasonal occurance |
|
Definition
| Allergic rhinitis. Nedocromil effective Tx. |
|
|
Term
| Pale, edematous, boggy turbinates |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Strep. Pneumonia, H. influenza, strep. Pyogenes, moraxella catarhallis |
|
|
Term
| Swimmer with ear pain, discharge |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| MOE, Pseudomonas, IV abx (FQ), CT head |
|
|
Term
| Tinnitus and metabolic acidosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sudden dizzy, vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus |
|
Definition
| Meniere’s disease; Treat w/ diuretics & low-sodium diet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sudden vertigo with changes in head position |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sudden dizzy, N, V. NO tinnitus, hearing loss. Recent URI |
|
Definition
| Vestibular neuronitis, labrynthitis |
|
|
Term
| Unilateral nerve deafness in middle age Pt |
|
Definition
| Acoustic neuroma (order MRI) |
|
|
Term
| Sensorineural loss > 50yo |
|
Definition
| Presbyacussis (Hi freq sounds 1st to go) |
|
|
Term
| Vertical Nystagmus, insidious onset vertigo |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Horizontal Nystagmus, acute onset vertigo |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| swelling of the upper neck, under the chin after URI or dental infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Smoker, white mouth lesion cannot be rubbed off |
|
Definition
| Leukoplakia, rule out oral cancer |
|
|
Term
| Gray pharyngeal pseudomembrane, rash, splenomegaly, supraclavicular LAD |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| College student with sore throat. Enlarged tonsils, anterior cervical LAD. Splenomegaly. CBC – elevated atypical lymphoctyes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When treating strep pharyngitis w/ abx you are really treating |
|
Definition
| Prophylaxis for rheumatic fever |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Painless LAD (us. Neck or axilla), LAD in orderly fashion; “B” signs + pruritis; splenomegaly; LN pain after drinking alcohol |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fatigue, PM sweats, weight loss, painless LAD or neck mass |
|
Definition
| Lymphoma – do Lymph node biopsy. Bone marrow Bx and CT scan used for staging |
|
|
Term
| Painless LAD us. Scattered. “B” signs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Painless LAD us. Scattered. “B” signs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hx HTN, nephrotic syndrome, CRF or Renal insufficiency. Know CBC. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PICA, Pregnant & fatigue, Menstruation. Cheilosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anemia after colectomy, partial gastrectomy. Glossitis, decreased vibratory sensation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| G6PD + Quinidine, Nitrofurantoin, Sulfa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fatigue, weakness, low fever, purpura, pallor, gingival bleeding. No HSM |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Elevated Hgb, Hct, splenomegaly, post showering pruritis, plethora, engorged retinal veins |
|
Definition
| Polycythemia vera; Tx = Phlebotomy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Autosomal Recessive, pain in extremities after exercise, priaprism |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mucosal or gingival bleeding, epistaxix, menorrhagia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Continuous bleeding post-op or trauma. Given multiple blood transfusions. Low platelets, increased PT, INR, + fibrin split products (increased d-dimer) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| “spider bite” appearing lesion that turns into abscess. Tx w/ Vanco +/- rifampin, gentamicin, linezolid |
|
|
Term
| Clear vulvar vesicles, inguinal LAD |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Giant Multinucleated cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Blanching of skin or mucous membranes, after application of 3-5% acetic acid solution, a sign of increased cellular protein and increased nuclear density; used particularly on genital skin and mucous membranes, including the uterine cervix, to identify zones of squamous cell change for biopsy and condyloma acuminatum for treatment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dermatophytes infections, Erythrasma (coral red) -> a chronic bacterial infection of the major skin folds due to Corynebacterium minutissimum, marked by red or brownish patches on the skin. |
|
|
Term
| Bite w/ fever, lacrimation, rhinorrhea, bradycardia, HTN, tachyarrhythmias |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bite with local edema, erythema, central necrosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Woods, forest, hikers. Macular rash at wrist, ankles then moves up extremities then trunk. After 5 days rash at palms & soles |
|
Definition
| RMSF (Rickettsia rickettsia) |
|
|
Term
| Indirect immunofluorescent Ab, Weil-Felix rxn, complement |
|
Definition
| RMSF (Rickettsia rickettsia) |
|
|
Term
| Target lesion, arthralgia, Bell’s Palsy |
|
Definition
| Lyme Dz (Borrelia Burgdorfi) |
|
|
Term
| Intense pruritis esp. PM. Burrow like lesions at wrists, elbows, hands, webs of fingers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rabies; give Ig, Rabies vaccine if animal is not caught and tested |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Clostridium infection – an anaerobic bacteria. Tx w/ hyperbaric oxygen, Penicillins, surgical excision |
|
|
Term
| Gram negative intracellular diplococcic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sexually active, multiple or new partner, urethral discharge, Gram negative intracellular diplococci |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Red cervix w/ mucopurulent discharge in sexually active female |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Shoulder pain after repetitive activity, point tenderness at anterior humerus or AC joint. + drop arm test or apprehension test |
|
Definition
| Rotator cuff injury (SITS muscles) |
|
|
Term
| Football player with burning pain, numbness, tingling from shoulder to hand which resolves |
|
Definition
| Brachial plexus neurapraxia, “stinger”. Caused by stretching of brachial plexus |
|
|
Term
| FOOSH, Radial fracture w/ dorsal displacement, dinner-fork deformity |
|
Definition
| Colle’s Fx; Tx = volar splint |
|
|
Term
| Typing, secretary wrist pain and numb/tingling from wrist to hand. New mothers, pregnant may worsen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pain at base of thumb, distal radial styloid. Pain reproduced with ulnar deviation of clenched fist. |
|
Definition
| deQuervain’s tenosynovitis |
|
|
Term
| Hand injury after a punch |
|
Definition
| Boxer’s fracture. Ulnar gutter w/ intrinsic plus positioning. ORIF if angulation > 40 degress |
|
|
Term
| Female exam, asymmetric posterior chest wall or uneven scapula height with forward bending |
|
Definition
| Scoliosis (> 25 degree Cobb angle = surgery) |
|
|
Term
| Tibial pain after running (military recruits), athletic activity (running sports) |
|
Definition
| Shin splints, stress fracture. Get bone scan if negative x-ray |
|
|
Term
| Knee injury during football game |
|
Definition
| ACL (look for description of lachman or drawer test) |
|
|
Term
| 8 – 10yo male with limp, knee pain |
|
Definition
| Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease |
|
|
Term
| 12 – 15yo overweight male knee pain, limp, hip pain (knee XR normal) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Adolescent male with knee pain, tenderness over tibial tuberosity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Retropatellar knee pain esp. in females |
|
Definition
| Patellorfemoral pain syndrome – increased Q angle, strengthen quadriceps |
|
|
Term
| Pain on plantar foot @ 2 – 3rd metatarsal. Associated w/ tight shoes, relieved by removing shoes. Palpable painful mass |
|
Definition
| Morton’s neuroma; Tx w/ NSAIDs, wide shoes, then steroid injections |
|
|
Term
| Pain after tx of fracture w/ cast |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ankylosing spondylitis, Reiter’s syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Acute joint pain. Swollen, warm, erythema. |
|
Definition
| Septic arthritis (synovial fluid = leukocytosis, low glucose) |
|
|
Term
| Large joint pain. Knees w/ medial joint space narrowing, osteophytes. No erythema or warmth. |
|
Definition
| Osteoarthritis. Acetaminophen #1 choice |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Osteoarthritis (herberden – PIP; bouchard – DIP) |
|
|
Term
| Female morning joint pain & stiffness esp. hand/wrists. MCP joint swelling, ulnar deviation |
|
Definition
| Rheumatoid arthritis. Methotrexate (DMARDs) #1. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Proximal symmetric muscle pain & stiffness esp. shoulder, neck, pelvic girdle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Male w/ low back pain, stiffness. Pain worse wakening, improve during day. Decreased ROM at spine. Plain films show sacroiliac abnormality. HLA-B27 positive |
|
Definition
| Ankylosing spondylitis; Tx = NSAIDs (Indomethacin) |
|
|
Term
| Conjunctivitis, iritis, arthritis, cervicitis, urethritis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Systemic autoimmune diseases (RA, IBD), OCP |
|
|
Term
| Female with Arthralgias, malar rash, +ANA, + anti-double stranded DNA antibodies, +anti-phospholipid antibodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| dusky red, well localized single or multiple papules or plaques usually of face |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Female, fatigue, general aching, pain at neck, upper shoulders, sleeping problems, tender points |
|
Definition
| Fibromyalgia TCAs first line |
|
|
Term
| Cold induced pain at extremities with color change as they warm up |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Osteomyelitis after stepping on nail wearing sandals or tennis shoes |
|
Definition
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa (foam padding in shoes) |
|
|
Term
| Teenage female with long bone pain without trauma or injury. XR w/ lytic mass, multi-laminated periosteal reaction |
|
Definition
| Ewing sarcoma – periosteal “onion skin” reaction |
|
|
Term
| Painless bony mass. Plain films = stalky or broad-based projection from bone surface |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lytic lesions in the back or skull |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Deterioration of cognitive function, memory |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rapid onset of cognitive symptoms, mental status fluctuations, anxiety, irritability, confusion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Paplitations, tremors, hyperventilation or respiratory alkalosis, numb or tingling mouth or extremities |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Feelings of worthlessness, hopelessness, apathy, weight loss, insomnia, daytime sleepiness. Thoughts of suicide |
|
Definition
| Depression (SSRI = drug of choice) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Obsessive compulsive disorder |
|
|
Term
| Binge eating, laxative use, starvation |
|
Definition
| Bulimia nervosa (Tx w/ SSRI – Fluoxetine) |
|
|
Term
| Bulimia with electrolyte disorders |
|
Definition
Hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis
Elevated serum bicarbonate in bulimia nervosa usually indicates an alkalosis due to emesis of gastric acid, but electrolytes must be combined with ABG measurement to definitively diagnose an acid-base abnormality. |
|
|
Term
| Antipsychotic meds (phenotiazines), facial tics, lip smacking, tongue disorders, blinking, ataxia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pt on antipsychotic meds develops altered consciousness, lead-pipe rigidity, diaphoresis, catatonia. Hyperthermia, tachypnea, blood pressure changes. |
|
Definition
| Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Tx supportive care & antipyretics |
|
|
Term
| Extrapyradimidal signs, BP changes, altered consciousness, hyperpyrexia, muscle rigidity, dysarthria, CV instability, fever, pulmonary congestion, diaphoresis. Pt on antipsychotic meds |
|
Definition
| Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Tx supportive care & antipyretics |
|
|
Term
| Infrequent blinking (masked facies), tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, shuffling gait, masked facies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Short lived, intense relationships. Difficulty controlling anger esp. when feeling abandoned. Hx sexual promiscuity and substance abuse. |
|
Definition
| Borderline personality disorder |
|
|
Term
| Periods of excessive drinking, buying, spending |
|
Definition
| Manic phase of bipolar disorder |
|
|
Term
| Male w/ gynecomastia, diminished or delayed secondary sex characteristics, small firm testicles, long arms & legs (eunechoid body habitus) |
|
Definition
| Klinefelter Syndrome XXY. Low serum testosterone & infertility. |
|
|
Term
| Hyponatremia w/ bizarre behavior. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Antidepressant use w/ anticholinergic side effects, dry mouth, dysrhythmias, sedation, orthostatic hypotension |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Frothy, clear – white or yellow-green to gray adherent vaginal discharge, dysuria, vaginal pruritis. Vulvar and cervical erythema. Flagellated protozoa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fishy odor, Thin grayish vaginal discharge, Clue cells |
|
Definition
| Bacterial vaginitis; Gardnerella vaginalis |
|
|
Term
| Thick white vaginal discharge, hyphae & buds on KOH prep |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Postmenopausal, dyspareunia, thin vaginal discharge, atrophic vulvar changes, vaginal petechiae |
|
Definition
| Atrophic vaginitis; Tx = topical estrogen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Female with acute abdominal pain. No characteristic acute abdomen pattern |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 20yo female w/ rubbery, firm, well-circumscribed, non-tender breast lesion, doesn’t change w/ cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 30 – 50yo female, painful, multiple, bilateral breast masses that increase in pain and size before menses |
|
Definition
| Fibrocystic breast disease |
|
|
Term
| Spontaneous bloody, serous, or cloudy nipple discharge |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Breast mass, nipple retraction, bloody nipple discharge |
|
Definition
| Breast cancer (mass is most common presenting clinical manifestation) |
|
|
Term
| Overweight, irregular menstrual cycles (poss. Amenorrhea), elevated blood sugar, hirsutism |
|
Definition
| PCOS (stein-leventhal syndrome) |
|
|
Term
| Adolescent female with midcycle pain alternating from left to right side. Relieved w/ NSAIDs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dyschezia. Uterus is fixed, retroflexed. Cyclic pelvic pain. May have palpable pelvic mass |
|
Definition
| Endometriosis. Palpable pelvic mass – “chocolate cyst” |
|
|
Term
| Firm irregular shaped, NONTENDER enlarged uterus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Softened, tender, diffusely globular uterine enlargement |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 6cm unilateral, mobile, tender adnexal mass |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pregnant + rash, post-auricular or occipital LAD |
|
Definition
| Rubella. Give vaccine AFTER delivery |
|
|
Term
| Pregnant, HA, visual disturbance |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pregnant < 20 wks gestation w/ vaginal bleeding, abd & pelvic pain. Blood from closed cervical os. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pregnant < 20 wks gestation w/ vaginal bleeding, abd & pelvic pain. Tissue at or said to be passed from open cervical os. |
|
Definition
| Incomplete abortion (complete abortion will have empty uterus, complete passage of fetal tissue, pain resolves after passage of tissue) |
|
|
Term
| Pregnant who drinks during pregnancy and inadequate peri-natal care |
|
Definition
| Fetal alcohol syndrome – low birth weight |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Uterine Atony. Tx = uterine massage |
|
|
Term
| Postmenopausal vaginal bleeding |
|
Definition
| Endometrial Ca – do endometrial biopsy |
|
|
Term
| Postmenopausal adnexal mass |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Procainamide, hydralazine & rash |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fungus, Candida; Hyphae & buds, spaghetti & meatballs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Beefy red, sharp bordered rash in groin (infants), under breast folds with satellite lesions |
|
Definition
| Candida: Tx: Nystatin/Lotrimin cream QID x14d; if fails Ketoconazole |
|
|
Term
| Warm, erythematous, tender skin with possible induration or fluctuance |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Distinct, sharp raised demarcated border with fever, chills. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Grouped vesicles on erythematous base |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Infant or pediatric w/ grouped vesicles on thumb or “tapioca” vesicles on thumb |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pain preceding vesicular rash in dermatomal pattern |
|
Definition
| Herpes Zoster (if involved eye = herpes keratitis. NO steroids. Get immediate ophthalmology referral) |
|
|
Term
| Hx URI the palpable purpuric rash to buttocks, posterior thighs |
|
Definition
| HSP (Hx post Strep A infection) |
|
|
Term
| Honey colored crusts on erythematous base around nose & mouth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Small white papules on diffusely red base on buccal mucosa |
|
Definition
| Koplick spots – Rubeola (Measles). Spots occur before rash |
|
|
Term
| Cough, coryza, conjunctivitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pastia’s lines, positive ASO titer |
|
Definition
| Scarlet fever (Grp A Strep) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Scarlet fever (Grp A Strep) |
|
|
Term
| Pruritic raised erythematous plaques |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dewdrops on rose petal, pustules & vesicles at different stages of healing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Flesh-colored, pink or yellow-brown lesion with rough, sandpaper feel, at sun-exposed areas |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Non-pruritic, raised, warty brown-black plaques, stuck onto skin feel greasy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Flat brown spots with sharp borders on dorsum of hand |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Erythematous, dome-shaped nodule with central plug |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Raised pearly-borders, telangiectasia, central ulcer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pearly papule with umbilicated center |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sexually active person w/ rash on palms & soles, general LAD |
|
Definition
| Secondary syphilis (Money spots); VDRL will confirm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| NO LINDANE (KWELL). Permethrin (Elimite) is drug of choice |
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Term
| Christmas tree pattern, erythematous papules w/ oval plaues w/ scaly itchy border. Rash preceded by lagre oval plaque w/ central clearing & scaly border |
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Definition
| Pityriasis rosea; Herald patch |
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Term
| Hypopigmented lesions, white, scaly. Gets worse w/ tanning or sun exposure |
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Definition
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Term
| Erythematic ring with scaly border & central clearing |
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Definition
| Tinea (fungal infection); KOH prep = hyphae |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Thick, yellow, brittle nails |
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Definition
| Onychomycosis. Tx = PO Terbinafine |
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Term
| Infant w/ erythematous, scaly crusty lesions at vertex of scalp |
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Definition
| Cradle cap – seborrheic dermatitis (Tx in infants w/ baby shampoo, warm olive oil compress, mild Hydrocortisone cream; Adults – selenium sulfide shampoo) |
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Term
| Children < 10yo w/ vesicles on pharynx, mouth, hands, feet w/ NO ulceration |
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Definition
| Hand-Foot-Mouth disease. Coxksackie Virus |
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Term
| Healthy looking < 5yo with lace-like rash on both cheeks – red papules |
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Definition
| Erythema infectiosum “Slapped cheek”, “5th Dz”. parvovirus B19 |
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Term
| Pediatric with high fever then after fever macular rash over trunk and neck. (rash after defervesence) |
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Definition
| Roseola infantum (Herpesvirus 6); Motrin, symptomatic treatment |
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Term
| Fever, pharyngitis, “sandpaper” rash over face, neck, trunk, extremities |
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Definition
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Term
| High fever (up to 105oF) x 5 days then rash. May have conjunctivitis, cracking, lip fissures |
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Definition
| Kawasaki’s Disease; look for cardiac complications (myocarditis, pericarditis, arteritis, aneurysms) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Silvery scaling plaques on extensor sensors. Ausptiz sign, Koebner’s phenomena |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Dark skinned person with “whitening or lightening” of skin. Hx pernicious anemia or other autoimmune disease |
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Definition
| Vitilligo. Skin biopsy to diagnose |
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|
Term
| Introduce solid foods (cereal, fruits) |
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Definition
| 4 – 6 mo; after 6 mo add meat, eggs, starchy foods |
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Term
| 1st tooth (central incisor) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 3 words, fees self w/ spoon, builds tower |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Septic w/u - blood Cx, LP |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Premature birth, fetal maturity |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Meconium-stained amniotic fluids |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Positive osmotic fragility test |
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Definition
| G6PD deficiency (hemolytic anemia w/ oxidative drugs – sulfa, nitrofurantoin, quinidine) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hemophilia A, Duchennes MD |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cholinesterase inhibitors ex: rivastigmine |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Ramsay Hunt syndrome is defined as an acute peripheral facial neuropathy associated with erythematous vesicular rash of the skin of the ear canal, auricle (also termed herpes zoster oticus |
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Term
|
Definition
| is a method to help diagnose myasthenia gravis. |
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|
Term
| Tumors (eg, Pancoast) or infection of the lung apex |
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Definition
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