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| A mild acid formed when water and carbon dioxide chemically combine in the atmosphere and soil.This acid is a very important component in the development of cave decorations (speleothems). |
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Term
chemical weathering[image] |
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Definition
| The process that changes the chemical makeup of a rock or mineral at or near the Earth’s surface. Chemical weathering alters the internal structure of minerals by the removing and/or adding elements. Compare with mechanical weathering. |
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| The slowest form of mass movement, measured in millimeters or centimeters per year and occurring on virtually all slopes. cross bed A bed made up of particles dropped from a moving current, as of wind or water, and marked by a downward slope that indicates the direction of the current that deposited them |
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| The process by which particles of rock and soil are loosened, as by weathering, and then transported elsewhere, as by wind, water, ice, or gravity. |
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| A physical weathering process in which concentric layers of rock are removed from an outcrop. |
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| A chemical reaction involving water that results in the breakdown of mineral material. |
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| Downslope movement of rock, soil, and mud. |
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| A general term used for any downslope movement of rock, soil, snow or ice under the influence of gravity. Includes: landslides, creep, rock falls and avalanches. |
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mechanical weathering [image] |
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Definition
A general term applied to a variety of weathering processes that result in the particle size reduction of rock materials with no change in composition. Frost action, salt crystal growth and pressure relief fracturing are examples. Also known as physical weathering |
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Definition
| A type of mass movement composed mainly of clay-size materials with a high enough water content that it flows readily. |
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| A chemical reaction in which substances combine with oxygen. For example, the combination of iron with oxygen to form an iron oxide. |
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| The source from which a given soil is chiefly derived, generally consisting of bedrock or sediment. |
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| the soil that is remaining after the soluble elements have been dissolved |
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| the portion of the earth's surface consisting of disintegrated rock and humus. |
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| the washing away of soil by the flow of water |
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| a vertical succession of horizons, commonly lettered A, B, C (beginning at the surface), that have been subjected to soil-forming processes, chiefly leaching and oxidation. |
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| the bed or stratum of earth or earthy material immediately under the surface soil. |
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| the fertile, upper part of the soil. |
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| Geology. the various mechanical and chemical processes that cause exposed rock to decompose. |
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| any geological formation containing or conducting ground water, esp. one that supplies the water for wells, springs, etc. |
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