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Definition
| A weak acid (H2CO3) that forms from the reaction ofwater and carbon dioxide. Most rain water is a very weak carbonic acid solution formed by the reaction of rain with small amounts of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. |
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Term
chemical weathering [image] |
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Definition
| The breaking down of surface rock material by solution or chemical alteration. Common alteration processes are oxidation and hydrolysis. |
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Definition
| Th gradual movement downhill of lose rock and soil. |
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Definition
| A general term applied to the wearing away and movement of earth materials by gravity, wind, water and ice. |
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Definition
| A physical weathering process in which concentric layers of rock are removed from an outcrop. |
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Definition
| A chemical reaction involving water that results in the breakdown of mineral material. |
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Definition
| When water infiltrates fractures in rock and freezes, the force of expansion is great enough to break the rock into smaller pieces. |
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Definition
| A downslope movement of rock and soil over a failure surface and under the influence of gravity. Slumps, earthflows, debris flows and debris slides are examples. |
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Definition
| Mass movement is the down slope movement of earth materials under the influence of gravity. |
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Term
mechanical weathering [image] |
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Definition
| A general term applied to a variety of weathering processes that result in the particle size reduction of rock materials with no change in composition. Frost action, salt crystal growth and pressure relief fracturing are examples. Also known as physical weathering. |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of mass movement composed mainly of clay-size materials with a high enough water content that it flows readily. |
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Definition
| A chemical reaction in which substances combine with oxygen. For example, the combination of iron with oxygen to form an iron oxide. |
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Definition
| means the underlying geological material (generally bedrock or a superficial or drift deposit) in which soil horizons form. |
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Definition
| The soil that is remaining after the soluble elements have been dissolved - residual clay. |
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Term
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Definition
| Soil is the naturally occurring, unconsolidated or loose covering on the Earth's surface. Soil is made up of broken rock particles that have been altered by chemical and environmental conditions, affected by processes such as weathering and erosion. |
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Term
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Definition
| the washing away of soil by the flow of water |
and wind. |
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Term
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Definition
| vertical succession of horizons, commonly lettered A, B, C (beginning at the surface), that have been subjected to soil-forming processes, chiefly leaching and oxidation. |
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Definition
| the bed or stratum of earth or earthy material immediately under the surface soil. |
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Term
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Definition
| the fertile, upper part of the soil. |
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Definition
| Soil that has not been created by the parent bed rock it lies on, but has been moved their by wind or water. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process in which rocks are warned down by wind, running water ice and sunlight. |
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