Term
|
Definition
| Early mammary glands begin development during the what week of embryonic life? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Development of the breasts continue for how long after the onset of menstruation? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The breasts develop a line extending from the axilla to the inguinal region known as what? |
|
|
Term
- lateral thoracic artery arises from the axillary artery
- internal mammary artery from the subclavian artery
|
|
Definition
| Two main arteries supply breast tissue: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Two venous systems that drain breast tissue: |
|
|
Term
Terminal duct-lobular units
(TDLU) |
|
Definition
Site of origin of nearly all pathological processes that occur within the breast
Parenchymal layer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The smallest functional unit of the breast and individual milk producing gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Each acini gives rise to a what? |
|
|
Term
terminal duct-lobular units
TDLU |
|
Definition
| Together acini and ducts form small lobular units called what? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Several TDLU's join to form what? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| There are approx. how many lobes in each breast? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| All 15 to 20 lactiferous ducts travel radially toward what? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The ducts do what during lactation? |
|
|
Term
- subcutaneous (premammary) layer
- mammary (glandular and connective tissue) layer
- retromammary layer
|
|
Definition
| the three layers of the breast: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the axillary tail of the breast is also known as what? |
|
|
Term
- age
- stage of menstrual cycle
- pregnancy
|
|
Definition
| Breasts change depending on what? |
|
|
Term
| It undergoes fatty replacement with age becoming virtually all fat |
|
Definition
| The breast changes how after menopase? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The breast is classified as a modified and highly specialized type of what gland? |
|
|
Term
| to secrete milk during lactation |
|
Definition
| the apocrine gland in the breast function is what? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The nipple is surrounded by what? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a pigmented area which serves to lubricate the nipple during lactation through the action of areolar glands or glands of montgomery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the areolar glands are also known as what? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what glands may aslo act as accessory milk glands, secreting milk during lactation? |
|
|
Term
fascia
(connective tissue) |
|
Definition
| The entire breast is enveloped in what which is connected to the pectoralis major muscle posteriorly and to the skin anteriorly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fascia is connected between lobes by thin, curvilinear suspensory ligaments called what which support the breast, enveloping the lobules, lobes, and subcutaneous fat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thin layer that lies between the skin and mammary zone, contain cooper's ligaments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| provides the "skeletal" framework of the breast |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| primarily composed of fat, but is bounded anteriorly by the mammary layer and posteriorly by the deep fascia covering the pectoralis major muscle |
|
|
Term
| Hypoechoic, medium level gray echoes |
|
Definition
| fat is seen how sonographically? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| made up of primarily breast parenchyma and is located between the superficial and retromammary layers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Includes the functional portion of the breast as well as the surrounding stromal tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| connective tissue along with cooper's ligaments and fatty tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cranio-caudal view on mammography correlates with what on US? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Medio-lateral view on mammography correlates with what on US? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ultrasound differentiates what? |
|
|
Term
- Palpable breast mass
- abnormal mammo
- unusual nipple discharge
- skin thickening
- symptoms of mastitis or abscess
|
|
Definition
| primary indications for US: |
|
|
Term
- Primary imaging modality during pregnancy
- primary technique for women under 30
- F/u lesions only seen by US
- Localizing lesions for cyst aspiration or biopsy
|
|
Definition
| Secondary indications for US: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Is Ultrasound of the breast used as a screening tool? |
|
|
Term
| a high frequency linear transducer |
|
Definition
| What kind of transducer is used for breast? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lies between the mammary zone and the pectoralis major |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what should follow the sam course as the lactiferous ducts which course towards the nipple? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sonographically Glandular tissue appears how? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sonographically ducts appear how? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sonographically muscle appears how? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sonographically skin and fibrous tissue appear how? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| If you can draw a line through the nipple |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
- shape
- margins
- echogenicity
- posterior echo pattern
- orientation
|
|
Definition
| What we need to know for pathology? |
|
|
Term
- well defined
- smooth margins
- thin capsule
- mild lobulations
- may displace surrounding tissues
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
- ill defined
- spiculated or jagged
- invades surrounding tissue
- thick walls or echogenic halo
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
- round or oval
- wider than tall
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
- irregualr
- taller than wide
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
- hyperechoic or medium level echoes
- homogeneous
- cysts show enhancement
- should show limited color flow unless inflammatory
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
- hypoechoic
- heterogeneous
- shadowing
- tortuous vessels on color imaging
- high PSV
- color flow in or around area
|
|
Definition
|
|
