Term
|
Definition
Bipolar
Unipolar
Multipolar
Pyrimidal Cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A single axon and dendrite arise at opposite poles of the cell body.
Found only in sensory neurons, such as in the retina, olfactory and auditory systems. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Presence of only a single axon, branching at the terminal end.
True unipolar neurons not found in adult human; common in human embryos and invertebrates |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Multiple dendritic processes, one axon
Most numerous and common cell type in the body, found in brain, peripheral autonomic nervous system and spinal cord. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Location Cortex esp. Layers III and V
Function excitatory projection neuron |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
conscious thought processes
intellectual functions
Memory storage and processing
Conscious and subconscious regulation of skeletal muscle contractions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Found in the Diencephalon
Relay and processing centers for sensory information |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Found in the diencephalon
Centers controlling emotions, autonomic functions, and hormone production |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Processing of visual and auditory data
Generation of reflexive somatic motor responses
Maintenance of consciousness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Relays sensory information to cerebellum and thalamus
Subconscious somatic and visceral motor centers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Relays sensory information to thalamus and to other portions of the brain stem
Autonomic centers for regulation of visceral function
(cardiovascular, respiratory, and digestive system activities) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Coordinates complex somatic motor patterns
Adjusts output of other somatic motor centers in brain and spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Conscious control of skeletal muscles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Conscious perception of touch, pressure, vibration, pain, temperature, and taste |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Conscious perception of visual stimuli |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Conscious perception of auditory and olfactory stimuli |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Integration and prcessing of sensory data, prcessing and initiation of motor activities |
|
|
Term
| Thalamus - Anterior Group |
|
Definition
| Part of the limbic system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Integrates sensory information and other data arriving at the thalamus and hypothalamus for projection of the frontal lobes of the cerebral hemispheres |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Projects sensory information to the primary sensory cortex of the parietal lobe relays information from cerebelium and basal nuclei to motor areas of cerebral cortex |
|
|
Term
| Thalamus - Posterior Group - Pulvinar |
|
Definition
| Integrates sensory information for projection to assocation areas of cerebral cortex |
|
|
Term
| Thalamus - Posterior Group - Lateral geniculate |
|
Definition
| Projects visual information to the visual cortex of occipital lobe |
|
|
Term
| Thalamus - posterior Group - Medial Geniculate nuclei |
|
Definition
| Project auditory information to the auditory cortex of temporal lobe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Form feedback loops involving the cingulate gyrus (emotional state) and the parietal lobe (integration of sensory information) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Controls autonomic functions
sets appetitive drives (thirst, hunger, sexual drive) and behaviors
set emotional states (with limbic system) integrates with endocrine system |
|
|
Term
| Hypothalamus - Supraoptic nucleus |
|
Definition
| Secretes antidiuretic hormone, restricting water loss at the kidneys |
|
|
Term
| Hypothalamus - Suprachiasmatic nucleus |
|
Definition
| Regulates daily (circadian), rythms |
|
|
Term
| Hypothalamus - Paraventricular nucleus |
|
Definition
| Secretes oxytocin, stimulating smooth muscle |
|
|
Term
| Hypothalamus - Preoptic area |
|
Definition
| Regulated body temperature via control of autonomic centers in the medulla oblongata |
|
|
Term
| Hypothalamus - Tuberal area |
|
Definition
| Produces inhibitory and releasing hormones that control endocrine cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland |
|
|
Term
| Hypothalamus - Autonomic centers |
|
Definition
| Control heart rate and blood pressure via regulation of automomic centers in the medulla oblongata |
|
|
Term
| Hypothalamus - Mamillary bodies |
|
Definition
| control feeding reflexes (licking, swallowing etc) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rostral - towards the nose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithlalmus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cluster of neuron cell boides within the PNS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Group of CNS neuron cell bodies with a common function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Center that displays discrete anatomic boundaries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Axon bundle extending through the PNS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CNS axon bundle in which the axons have a similar function and share a common origin and destination |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Group of tracts in a specific area of the spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Centers and tracts that connect the CNS with body organs and systems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| houses motor neuron and interneuron cell bodies, dendrites, telodendria and unmyelinated axons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| derives its color from the myelin in the myelinated axons. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Protection
Buoyancy
Environmental stability |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Protection
Buoyancy
Environmental stability |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Interpretation of taste, memmory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Parkinson's Disease
Dopaminergic neurons destroyed causing defects in movement and muscle control |
|
|
Term
| The _______ is the outermost meninx, and forms supportive and protective partitions between some portions of the brain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The embryonic hindbrain gives rise to what structures in the brian? |
|
Definition
| cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblangata |
|
|
Term
| The portion of the brain involved in understanding speech and using words is located in the ____________ of teh cerebrum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When a person thinks and solves problems, which area of teh cerebrum is involved? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ___________ is a portion of the brain that maintains homeostasis by linking activities of the endocrine and nervous systems together |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The connective tissue closest to the single neuron is the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Parkinson disease tremors are the result of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The connection between the third and fourth ventricle is called the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The centers that control vital visceral activities are located within the _______ area of the brain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Breathing centers accessory to the medulla oblongata are located in which brain area |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where are visual and auditory reflexes centered |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which area acts to regulate body temperature |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which brain area acts to screen all incoming sensory data except for smell |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Emotional responses and attitudes are associated with which brain area? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which brain area coordinates skeletal muscle movements |
|
Definition
|
|
