Term
True or False:
Mental health refers to the emotional and psychological balance only. |
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Definition
| False- mental health refers to an emotional, psychological, and physiological balance. True "mental health" cannot be acheived if there is an imbalance among these components. |
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Term
True or False:
A person can be mentally healthy even if they have a chronic mental health condition. |
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Definition
| False- It is impossible to be mentally healthy and have a chronic mental health condition. |
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Term
Rate, prevalence, point prevalence, or incidence?:
Refers to the rate that includes only NEW cases that have occurred within a clearly defined time period. |
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Definition
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Term
Rate, prevalence, point prevalence, or incidence?:
Refers to the total number of people who have the disorder within a given population at a specified time regardless of how long ago the disorder started. |
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Definition
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Term
Rate, prevalence, point prevalence, or incidence?:
The proportion of the cases in the population when compared with the total population; expressed as a fraction (# of cases/total # in the population). |
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Definition
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Term
Rate, prevalence, point prevalence, or incidence?:
The basic measure that refers to the proportion of individuals in the population who have the disorder at a specified point in time; expressed as: cases at point in time/population at point in time. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are health conditions characterized by alterations in thinking, mood, or behavior. They are associated with distress or impaired functioning? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the study of patterns of disease distribution and derminants of health within populations, which contributes to the overall understanding of the mental health status of population groups and associated factors? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is one of the major problems facing individuals and their families with mental health disorders? |
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Definition
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Term
| The 3 types of stigma are...? |
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Definition
1. public stigma
2. self-stigma
3. label avoidance |
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Term
Public stigma, self-stigma, or label avoidance?:
When negative stereotypes of mental illness are internalized. May result in feeling they cannot be productive members of society and having low self-esteem. |
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Definition
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Term
Public stigma, self-stigma, or label avoidance?:
When stereotypes are placed upon a person with a mental illness after the person has displayed bizarre behavior or disclosed that they have a mental health disorder. May lead to prejudice and/or discrimination. |
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Definition
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Term
Public stigma, self-stigma, or label avoidance?:
When a person avoids treatment or care in an effort to not be considered "mentally ill." |
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Definition
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Term
| What can influence public acceptance of any health condition as a real illness? |
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Definition
| social change (i.e. political, social, or economic change) |
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Term
| A mental illness or mental disorder is a __________, a set of symptoms that cluster together that may have multiple causes and may reprsent several different disease states that ahve not yet been defined. |
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Definition
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Term
| Today, the term ____________ ____________ is used for a diagnosable mental illness. |
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Definition
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Term
True or false:
Lab tests are not used in diagnosing mental disorders. |
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Definition
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Term
True or false:
If a behavior is considered normal within a specific culture, then it is not viewed as a psychiatric symptom. |
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Definition
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Term
| What the diagnosis of mental disorders is based upon. |
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Definition
| diagnositic and statistical manual of mental health disorders (DSM IV-TR) |
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Term
True or false:
Since the DSM-IV-TR provides criteria for diagnosing mental disorders, there are absolute boundaries separating one disorder from another. |
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Definition
| False- there are no absolute boundaries separating one disorder from another; similar disorders may have different manifestations at different points in time. |
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Term
| What is a recurrent, locality-specific pattern of aberrant behavior and troubling experience that is limited to specific societies or culture areas? |
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Definition
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Term
| The DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria are based on a ____________ ____________ ______________ that includes ______ axes or domains of information. |
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Definition
| multiaxial diagnositc system; 5 |
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Term
Axis I, II, III, IV, or V?:
Provides an estimate of overall functioning in psychological, social, and occupational spheres of life. |
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Definition
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Term
Axis I, II, III, IV, or V?:
Includes clinical disorders and other conditions that may be the focus of clinical attention. |
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Definition
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Term
Axis I, II, III, IV, or V?:
Focuses on general medical conditions. |
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Definition
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Term
Axis I, II, III, IV, or V?:
Includes personality disorders and mental retardation. |
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Definition
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Term
Axis I, II, III, IV, or V?:
Considers psychosocial and environmental problems. |
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Definition
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Term
Axis I, II, III, IV, or V?:
Gives a score that ranges from 1-100. |
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Definition
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Term
Culture-bound syndromes:
In China, a condition characterized by physical and mental fatigue, dizziness, headaches, pain, concentraion difficulties, sleep disturbances, and memory loss. |
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Definition
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Term
Culture-bound syndromes:
An episode of sudden collapse that is sometimes preceded by feelings of dizziness; occurs primarly in U.S. south or Caribbean groups. |
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Definition
| falling out or blacking out |
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Term
Culture-bound syndromes:
Known as the "evil eye" in Mediterranean cultures and elsewhere in the world. S/S included fitful sleep, crying without cause, diarrhea, vomiting, and fever in a child or infant. |
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Definition
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Term
Culture-bound syndromes:
Condition experienced by high school or university students in response to challenges of schooling. S/S include difficulty concentrating, remebering, and thinking. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the journey of healing and transformation enabling a person with a mental health problem to live a meaningful life in a community of his or her choice while striving to acheive his or her full potential? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is treatment based on the belief that mental illnesses and emotional disturbances are treatable and that recovery is an expectation? |
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Definition
| recovery-oriented treatment |
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Term
| What is recovery in which individuals define their own goals and design a path to meet the goals? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is recovery that is based upon a person's unique strengths, needs, preferences, experiences, and cultural background? |
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Definition
| individualized and person-centered recovery |
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Term
| Through _________, individuals participate in all the decisions that will affect them during recovery. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is recovery that encompasses the whole life of the individual, including his/her mind, body, spirit, and community? |
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Definition
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Term
True or False:
Recovery is a step-by-step process and is considered linear. |
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Definition
| False- Recovery is not a step-by-step process and is considered nonlinear process or growth experience in which setbacks are expected. |
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Term
| During recovery, persons also need p__________ support, r__________, and h__________. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the catalyst of the recovery process and is one of the most important concepts of the process? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is defined as being empowered or having the free will to make moral judgments? |
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Definition
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Term
| In mental health, self-determinism is the right to __________ one's own health-related behaviors, even if those _________ differ from the opinions of health care professionals. |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is the principle of self-determinism so difficult to adhere to in mental health? |
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Definition
| Because with many mental health disorders there are often questions regarding a person's competency, ability to provide informed consent, understand voluntary vs. involuntary commitment, and risk to public safety. |
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Term
| When was the Patient Self-Determination Act enacted? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the Patient Self-Determination Act do for patients? |
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Definition
| The PSDA requires that hospitals, home health agencies, SNFs, and hospices receiving Medicare and Medicaid to inform patient of their rights upon admission. |
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Term
| What are written instructions for health care when individuals are incapacitated? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 2 different types of advance care directives? |
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Definition
1. living will
2. durable power of attorney (or health proxies) |
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Term
Living will or power of attorney?:
States what treatment should be omitted or refused in the event that a person is unable to make those decisions. |
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Definition
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Term
Living will or power of attorney?:
Appoints a proxy, usually a relative or trusted friend, to make health care decisions on an individual's behalf if that person is incapacitated. |
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Definition
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Term
Living will or power of attorney?:
Does not need to be written, reviewed, or signed by an attorney; it must only be witnessed by 2 people and notarized. |
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Definition
| living will and power of attorney |
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Term
| When was the Mental Health System Act enacted? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the Mental Health System Act state? |
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Definition
| Each state must review and revise if necessary its laws to ensure that mental health paitents receive human rights protections and services that they require. |
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Term
| When was the Americans with Disabilities Act enacted? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the Americans with Disabilities Act state? |
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Definition
| The ADA ensures that people with disabilities, such as severe mental health disorders, have legal protection against discrimination in the workplace, housing, public programs, transportation, and telecommunications. |
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Term
| Mental health systems have ________ _________ ___________ systems in place to combat any violation of their patients' rights. |
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Definition
| internal rights protection |
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Term
| What are organizations that are financially and administratively independent from mental health agencies that advocate for the rights and treatment of mental health patients? |
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Definition
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Term
| Patient rights are also protected by an agency's __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| An example of a major accrediting agency is The J___________ C____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the degree to which a patient can understand and appreciate the information given during the consent process? |
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Definition
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Term
True or false:
Competency is not different from rationality. |
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Definition
False-
Competency is the degree to which a person can understand or appreciate information given at a specific time; rationality is a characteristic of a patient's decision, not the ability to make a decision |
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Term
True or false:
Treatment can only be forced upon a person who has been judged incompetent. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 4 things that most experts agree constitutes competency? |
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Definition
1. communicate choices
2. understand relevant info
3. appreciate the situation & consequences
4. use a logical thought process to weigh risks vs. benefits |
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Term
| What is a legal procedure to ensure that the patient knows the benefits and the costs of the treatment? |
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Definition
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Term
| What must happen for informed consent to take place? |
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Definition
| A patient must be given adequate information upon which to base a decision and a patient must be capable (i.e. competent) of making such decisions. |
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Term
True or false:
Obtaining informed consent is only mandated by each individual facility. |
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Definition
False-
Informed consent is mandated by state law. |
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Term
| Informed consent is complicated by m_________ h_________ disorders. |
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Definition
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Term
| What term refers to the fact that an individual cannot be restricted to an institution when he/she can be successfully treated in the community? |
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Definition
| least restrictive environment |
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Term
| What court case was instrumental in establishing the least restrictive environment rule? |
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Definition
| Dixon vs. Weinberger (1975) |
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Term
| What is the confinement term that refers to a person who maintains all civil rights and is free to leave at any time even if it is against medical advice? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the confinement term that refers to the hospitalization of a person without the person's consent but with a court order? |
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Definition
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Term
| In general, what 3 elements must be present to involuntarily confine a person? |
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Definition
1. mentally disordered
2. dangerous to self or others
3. unable to provide for basic needs |
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Term
| How long can a person be involuntarily held before they must be released or a court order must be obtained to keep them longer? |
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Definition
48-92 hours
(differs from state to state, Ohio is 72 hours not including wknds or holidays) |
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Term
| What is the legal phrase that refers to a health care professional's legal obligation to breach patient confidentiality as a result of perceived or threatened violence against the patient or another member of society? |
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Definition
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Term
| What court case was instrumental in developing the "duty to warn" statute? |
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Definition
| Tarasoff vs. Regents of the University of California (1976) |
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Term
| What is the threat of unlawful force to inflict bodily injury upon another? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the intentional and unauthorized harmful or offensive contact that occurs when a patient is treated without informed consent? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a breach of duty of reasonable care for a patient for whom a nurse is responsible that results in personal injuries? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 5 elements needed to prove negligence? |
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Definition
1. duty
2. breach of duty
3. cause in fact
4. cause in proximity
5. damages |
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Term
True or false:
Few lawsuits are filed against mental health clinicians and facilities compared with other health care areas. |
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Definition
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Term
| Careful d____________ is important to both help ensure the protection of patient rights and for nurse accountability. |
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Definition
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Term
| In documentation, which area should receive particular attention? |
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Definition
| the reason the patient is admitted for care |
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Term
| Careful documentation is also essential for r___________ and P____ medications. |
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Definition
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Term
| Documentation should be free from j_________, m__________, j___________, o_____________, and g___________ statements. |
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Definition
| jargon; mistakes; judgment; opinion; general |
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Term
| What is the legal rule that is used to determine that a patient is not guilty by reason of insanity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What court case determined that a facility cannot force a non-violent, competent patient to take medications? |
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Definition
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Term
| What court case stated that in Alabama, a mental health patient has the right to adequate, individual treatment with a realistic opportunity to be cured or improve their condition? |
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Definition
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