Term
| What are the two components of the skeletal system? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where can you find chondrocytes (specific)? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of fibrocartilage? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Rows of round chondrocytes and parallel rows of collagen fibers |
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Term
| Where can you find fibrocartilage? |
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Definition
| Intervertebral discs, menisci, and pubic symphysis |
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Term
| What are the 7 functions of bones? |
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Definition
| Support, movement, protection, mineral storage, hemopoiesis, energy storage, and metabolism |
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Term
| What are the four classifications of bones? |
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Definition
| Long, short, flat, and irregular |
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Term
| What is another name for spongy bone tissue? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the proximal and distal ends of the bone |
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Term
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Definition
| "region" where diaphysis meets epiphysis |
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Term
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Definition
| hyaline cartilage found in the metaphysis of growing bones |
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Term
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Definition
| the body remnant of the epiphyseal plate |
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Term
| Define articular cartilage |
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Definition
| hyaline cartilage at the ends of articulating bones |
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Term
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Definition
| space within diaphysis that contains yellow marrow |
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Term
| Define nutrient diaphysis |
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Definition
| The hole in the wall of the diaphysis that contains the nutrient artery and vein |
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Term
| What are the two types of bone membrane? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Longer than they are wide; have a shaft and TWO distinct ends; named for their shape NOT size |
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Term
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Definition
| Thin, flattened, and CURVED; cranial bones, ribs, sternum, and scapula |
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Term
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Definition
| rough and cube-shaped; carpals/tarsals; sesamoid bones |
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Term
| What are the two layers of the periosteum? |
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Definition
| superficial layer of dense irregular CT; deep osteogenic layer |
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Term
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Definition
| perforating fibers of the periosteum that secure bone matrix to the bone |
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Term
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Definition
| thin membrane that lines internal bone surface; covers the trabeculae of spongy bone |
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Term
| What is another term for trabecula? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is found in the spaces of trabecula? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Tube-shaped unit of mature compact bone; aka Haversian System |
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Term
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Definition
| layer of bone matrix where collagen fibers and mineral crystals run in one direction; separate lamella run in different directions |
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Term
| Describe the Central Canal |
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Definition
| canal that runs though the core of an osteon |
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Term
| Describe the Perforating Canal |
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Definition
| Canal that connects the blood and nerve supply of the periosteum to the Central Canal and marrow cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| A mature spider-like bone cell |
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Term
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Definition
| A little depression/cavity occupied by a cell |
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Term
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Definition
| "little canals" that connect neighboring lacunae to each other as well as to the nearest capillaries |
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Term
| Describe interstitial lamellae |
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Definition
| incomplete lamellae between osteons |
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Term
| Describe circumferential lamellae |
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Definition
| Lamellae that extend around the entire circumference of the diaphysis in internal and external surfaces of compact bone |
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Term
| What are the three organic components of bone? |
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Definition
| Collagen fibers, cells, and ground substance |
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Term
| What are the two names for the process by which bones are formed? |
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Definition
| ossification and osteogenesis |
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Term
| What are the two patterns of bone formation? |
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Definition
| Intramembraneous ossification and Endochondral ossification |
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Term
| Describe intramembraneous ossification |
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Definition
| Bone forms directly within mesenchyme arranged in layers that resemble membranes; most skull bones and clavicles |
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Term
| Describe endochondral ossification |
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Definition
| Bone forms within hyalin cartilage, replacing it |
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Term
| What are the two steps in the lengthening of bones? |
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Definition
Cartilage growth on the epiphysis side of the epiphyseal plate
Cartilage is replaced by bone on the diaphysis side |
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Term
| In younger patients you are more likely to see an epiphyseal _____ versus an epiphyseal ______ in adults |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the process by which bones get thicker? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two stages of appositional growth? |
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Definition
Osteoblasts in the periosteum add bone tissue to the external bone surface.
Osteoclasts remove bone tissue from the medullary cavity at the same rate |
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Term
| What cells are responsible for bone deposition? |
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Definition
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Term
| What cells are responsible for bone resorption? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which part of the bone grows faster? The diaphysis or epiphysis |
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Definition
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Definition
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