Term
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Definition
| abnormal curving of the spine |
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Term
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Definition
| curving of the spine that causes a bowing or rounding of the back, which leads to a hunchback or slouching posture |
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Term
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Definition
| formation of new bone on the surface of a bone |
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Term
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Definition
abnormally shortened and deformed limbs
Malamute autosomal recessive, defect in
organization of proliferation of physis,interference of invasion of vessels and mineralization in physis, stunted growth and valgus deformities. |
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Term
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Definition
too little bone
general term
due to disuse, senile, corticosteroids |
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Term
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Definition
decreased in bone matrix formation
osteoblast insufficiency |
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Term
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Definition
osteopenia in a young animal
too little mineralized osteoid
lack of vitamin D in diet, failure to absorb Vitamin D, lack of sun, lack of conversion to active D3 in kidney
Richetic rosary-increased proliferation of cartilage ribs |
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Term
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Definition
| too little mineralized osteoid in mature animals |
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Term
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Definition
| necrosis of bone due to loss of vascular supply |
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Term
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Definition
| increased amount of thickened trabeculae |
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Term
| Primary Hyperparathyroidism |
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Definition
Tumor/hyperplasia of parathyroid gland
Increases PTH
increases bone resorption to create osteopenia |
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Term
| Secondary Hyperparathyroidism |
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Definition
Chronic Renal Disease-depressed balance of Ca:P because of failure to filtrate P, stimulates PTH and also lack of conversion to active D3 in kidney
Nutritional-Diets deficient in vitamin D, Ca, P or incorrect Ca:P balance |
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Term
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Definition
in horses
fed bran which is high in phosphate and creates imbalanced Ca:P ratio
increases PTH to increase bone resorption |
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Term
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Definition
high in phosphorous
creates imbalance of Ca:P
increases PTH to increase bone resorption |
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Term
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Definition
| isolated, avascular fragment of bone that becomes necrotic |
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Term
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Definition
occurs in horses when they are not getting enough Ca
osteoblasts deposit osteoid but it is unable to become mineralized |
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Term
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Definition
| reactive tissues surrounding a sequestrum |
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Term
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Definition
| fracture -->blood clot-->neovascularization-->blood clot organizes-->osteoclasts resorb fragments-->osteoblasts deposit bone |
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Term
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Definition
occurs in rapidly growing animals
interruption of the blood supply of a bone, in particular to the epiphysis, followed by localized bony necrosis, and later, regrowth of the bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| new bone formation on the outside of the diaphyses of long bones of the limbs, without destruction of cortical bone |
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Term
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Definition
abnormal formation of the hip socket that, in its more severe form, can eventually cause crippling lameness and painful arthritis of the joints
flat acetabulum and laxity of joint
capsular fibrosis
eburnation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Intervertebral Disc Disease |
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Definition
nucleus pulposa of disc ruptures
can rupture dorsally into spinal cord canal
can rupture ventrally and cause boney response |
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Term
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Definition
neoplasia of osteoblasts
typically in the long bone away from the elbow towards the knee |
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Term
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Definition
neoplasia of the cartilage in long bones
typically in axial skeleton |
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Term
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Definition
neoplasia of fibroblasts
can invade any bone |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
acute or chronic bone infection often includes periosteum
suppurative/non-suppurative
due to embolism, local trauma, extension
Actinomyces, Tuberculosis, Mycotic |
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Term
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Definition
Acitinomyces bovis
chronic pyogranulomatous osteomyelitis and sinusitis |
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Term
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Definition
fluid
inflammation
synovial cell proliferation
fibrosis/pannus
cartilate changes |
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Term
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Definition
| phagocytic, produce hyaluronic acid |
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Term
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Definition
| deep in synovia, produce synovial fluid |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| knee, typical joints we think of |
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Term
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Definition
| fibrovascular tissues arising from synovium and covering articular surface |
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Term
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Definition
degenerative joint disease
cartilage becomes frayed and fragmented |
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Term
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Definition
| rubbing down of articular cartilage to the point of exposed subchondral bone |
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Term
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Definition
inflammation of joint and joint capsule
hematogenous direct penetration, extension
bacterial/spirochete or viral
trauma, immune mediated, laminitis |
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Term
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Definition
immune mediated arthritis
causes proliferative synovitis |
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Term
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Definition
aka Founder
Changes in junciton between P3 and hoof wall
Seen in cattle and horses
Associatd with chagnes in diet (grain overload), toxin (black walnut)
Pathogenesis is not understood
Altered circulation to hoof wall
Ischemia and degeneration of laminae
Not suppurative lesion |
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Term
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Definition
slow twitch
oxidative, aerobic red muscle
lots of mitochondria
fatique resistant |
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Term
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Definition
fast twitch
glycolytic, anaerobic, white muscle
fatique sensitive
low mitochrondria |
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Term
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Definition
change in gene coding for dystrophin gene
Cytoskeletal protein membrane doesn't function properly which leads to degeneration and necrosis
Myonecrosis
Mineralization and necrosis of muscle fibers
White streaking of muscle fibers |
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