Term
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Definition
| dense bone with no cavities |
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Term
| spongy bone/cancellous bone |
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Definition
| much less dense than compact bone; consists of inteconnecting lattice of bony spicules. Cavities filled with yellow or red bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
| inactive, and infiltrated by adipose tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| involved in blood cell formation |
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Term
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Definition
| cylindrical shaft of long bones. Composed primarily of compact bone surrounding a cavity containing bone marrow. |
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Term
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Definition
| dilated ends of long bones. Composed of spongy bone surrounded by a thin layer of compact bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| disk of cartilaginous cells separating the diaphysis from the epiphysis; site of longitudinal growth. |
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Term
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Definition
| fibrous sheath that surrounds the long bone; is the site of attachment to muscle tissue. Some cells differentiate into bone-forming cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Composition of compact bone. Dense, hardened, contains both organic and inorganic components. |
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Term
| components of bone matrix |
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Definition
Organic: proteins (collagen fibers and glycoproteins)
Inorganic: calcium, phosphate, hydroxide (which combine to form hydroxyapatite crystals), and sodium, potassium, magnesium ions. |
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Term
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Definition
| hydroxide aggregates. Association of these crystals with collagen fibers gives bone its strength. |
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Term
| osteons (Haversian systems). |
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Definition
| Bony matrix is deposited in these structural units. Each consists of Haversian canal, lamellae, and lacunae. |
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Term
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Definition
| central microscopic channel in osteon, containing blood vessels, nerve fibers, lymph, which vascularize and innervate bone tissue. |
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Term
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Definition
| Concentric circles of bony matrix which surround the Haversian canal. |
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Term
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Definition
| spaces within matrix, which house osteocytes. Canaliculi radiate from each. |
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Term
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Definition
| involved in bone maintenace. |
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Term
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Definition
| Radiate from each lacuna. They interconnect with each other and the Haversian canals, allowing for exchange of nutrients and wastes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Large multinucleated cells that break down bone; (bone resorption) |
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Term
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Definition
| cells that build bone. Synthesize and secrete organic constituents of the bone matrix; mature into osteocytes once surrounded by their matrix. |
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Term
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Definition
| Disease caused by loss of bone mass due to increased osteoclast resorption and slowing of bone formation. Estrogen helps prevent by stimulating osteoblast activity. |
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Term
| endochondral ossification |
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Definition
| bone formation occurs by this process. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone. Long bones arise primarily through this process. |
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Term
| intramembranous ossification |
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Definition
| A type of bone formation process. mesenchymal connective tissue is transformed into, and replaced by, bone. |
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Term
| mesenchymal connective tissue. |
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Definition
| embryonic, undifferentiated (connective tissue) |
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Term
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Definition
| inorganic ions (calcium and phosphate are absorbed from the blood for use in bone formation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Degradation of bone. Calcium and phosphate are released into blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| bone reformation and bone resorption |
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Term
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Definition
| connective tissue structures that join bones together. |
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Term
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Definition
| bones that do not move relative to each other and are held in place, such as skull bones. |
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Term
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Definition
| bones that do move relative to one another; additionally supported and strengthened by ligaments. Consist of synovial capsule, movement is facilitated by synovial fluid and articular cartilage. |
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Term
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Definition
| Strengthen and support movable joints. |
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Term
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Definition
| Part of movable joints. ncloss a joint cavity (articular cavity) |
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Term
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Definition
| Lubricates the joint and facilitates movement. |
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Term
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Definition
| On the opposing bone surfaces of the join; smooth, reduces tension during movement. |
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