Term
|
Definition
| often precedes squamous cell carcinoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| primary adrenocortical deficiency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, cafe-au-lair spots, short stature, young girls |
|
|
Term
| albuminocytologic dissociation |
|
Definition
| guillain-barre (increase protein in CSF with only modest increase in cell count) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hereditary nephritis with nerve deafness |
|
|
Term
| anti-basement membrane antibodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| anticentromere antibodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies (ANA antibodies) |
|
Definition
| SLE (type III hypersensitivity) |
|
|
Term
| anti-epithelial cell antibodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
anti-MITOCHONDRIAL antibodies |
|
Definition
| primary biliary cirrhosis |
|
|
Term
| antineutrophil antibodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| arnold-chiari malformation |
|
Definition
| cerebellar tonsillar herniation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| atrophy of the mammillary bodies |
|
Definition
| wernicke's encephalopathy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
acute myelogenous leukemia (especially the promyelocytic type) NELSON, you better get this one right!! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Baker's cyst (remember Dr. Giglio days...) in the popliteal fossa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| basophilic stippling of RBCs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Becker's muscular dystrophy |
|
Definition
| defctive dystrophin; less severe than Duchenne's |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
multiple myeloma (kappa or lambda Ig light chains in urine) Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (IgM) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| defect in platelet adhesion |
|
|
Term
| bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fibrocystic change of the breast |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| boot-shaped heart on x-ray |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| osteoarthritis (PIP swelling secondary to osteophyte) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| branching rods in oral infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hemoorhage causes brown color of osteolytic cysts: 1. hyperparathyroidism 2. osteitis fibrosa cystica (von recklinghausen's disease) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| x-linked agammaglobulinemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| POST-hepatic venous thrombosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small/medium-artery vasculitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 8:14 translocation; associated with EBV |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| duchenne's muscular dystrophy |
|
|
Term
call-exner bodies (come on nelly, get this one right...) |
|
Definition
| granulosa-theca cell tumor of the ovary |
|
|
Term
| cardiomegaly with apical atrophy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| primary syphilis (NOT painful) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| haemophilus ducreyi (painful) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
multiple sclerosis (nystgmus, intention tremor, scanning speech) cholangitis (jaundice, RUQ pain, fever) |
|
|
Term
Charcot-LEYDEN crystals :) |
|
Definition
| bronchial asthma (eosinophil membrane) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
phagocyte deficiency (d/t a microtubule polymerization defect...) |
|
|
Term
| cherry red spot on macula |
|
Definition
| tay-sachs, niemann-pick, central retinal artery occlusion |
|
|
Term
| cheyne-stokes respirations |
|
Definition
| central apnea in CHF and increased intracranial pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| endometriosis (frequently involves both ovaries) |
|
|
Term
| chronic atrophic gastritis |
|
Definition
| predisposition to gastric carcinoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hypocalcemia (facial muscle spasm upon tapping) |
|
|
Term
clear cell adenocarcinma of the vagina (come on nancy and christina...) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| codman's triangle on x-ray |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
mycoplasma pneumoniae, infectious mononucleosis (also seen in hep C) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| continuous machinery murmur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| debranching enzyme deficiency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cough, conjunctivitis, coryza + fever |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
crescents in bowman's capsule (nelly...) |
|
Definition
rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis... if there is a picture, it will show FIBRIN |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bronchial asthma (whorled mucous plugs) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra |
|
Definition
| parkinson's disease (basal ganglia disorder - rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia) |
|
|
Term
| dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea |
|
Definition
| pellagra (niacin aka vit B3 deficiency) |
|
|
Term
| diabetes insipidus + exophthalmos + lesions of skull |
|
Definition
hand-schuller-christian disease (type of histiocytosis... right nancy?) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| post-MI fibrinous pericarditis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (black liveR) |
|
|
Term
| duchenne's muscular dystrophy |
|
Definition
| deleted dystrophin gene (x-linked recessive) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| osteoarthritis (polished, ivory-like appearance of bone) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tristomy 18 associated with rocker-bottom fet, low-set ears, heart disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| late cyanosis shunt (uncorrected L --> R shunt becomes R --> L shunt) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| superior trunk brachial plexus injury (waiter's tip) |
|
|
Term
| erythema chronicum migrans |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| proximal tubular reabsorption defect |
|
|
Term
| "fat, female, forty, and fertile" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| alcoholism (reversible if you quit) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
asbestosis (MC cancer associated is BRONCHOGENIC CARCINOMA... even though we hear so much about mesothelioma, it is NOT most common) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| colon polyps with osteomas and soft tissue tumors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
glucocerebrosidase deficiency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia |
|
|
Term
| glanzmann's thrombasthenia |
|
Definition
| defect in platelet aggregation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| autoantibodies against alvolar and glomerular basement membrane proteins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| duchenne's (use of pt's arms to help legs pick self off floor) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "hair on end" appearance on x-ray |
|
Definition
| beta-thalassemia, sickle cell anemia (extramedullary hematopoiesis) |
|
|
Term
| hand-schuller-christian disease |
|
Definition
| chronic progressive histiocytosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| choriocarcinoma, hydatiform mole (occurs with and w/o embryo) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| osteoarthritis (DIP swelling secondary to osteophytes) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hypersensitivity vasculitis associated with hemorrhagic urticaria and URIs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infectious mononucleosis (EBV) |
|
|
Term
| high-output cardiac failure (dilated cardiomyopathy) |
|
Definition
| wet beriberi (thiamine/vit B1 def) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Reiter's syndrome ankylosing spondylitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diabetes mellitus type 1 (caused by autoimmune destruction of beta cells) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| splenectomy (or nonfunctional spleen) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| caudate degeneration (autosomal dominant) |
|
|
Term
| hyperphagia + hypersexuality + hyperorality + hypedocility |
|
Definition
kluver-bucy syndrome (amygdala) ... remember dr penney telling us about this... |
|
|
Term
| hyperpigmentation of skin |
|
Definition
| primary adrenal insufficiency (addison's disease) |
|
|
Term
| hypersegmented neutrophils |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| iron deficiency anemia, lead poisoning |
|
|
Term
| increased alpha feto-protein in amniotic fluid/materal serum |
|
Definition
| anencephaly, spina bifida (neural tube defects) |
|
|
Term
| increased uric acid levels |
|
Definition
| gout, lesch-nyhan syndome, myeloproliferative disorders, loop and thiazide diuretics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adenovirus (causes hyperplasia of Peyer's patches) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Jarisch-herxheimer reaction |
|
Definition
| syphilis-overaggressive treatment of an asymptomatic patient that causes symptoms due to rapid lysis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
AIDS in MSM (men who have sex with men) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Kayser-Fleischer rings (as visualized with slit lamp exam) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Kimmelstiel-wilson nodules |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bilateral amydala lesions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gastric adenocarcinoma with ovarian mets |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| LENS DISLOCATION + aortic dissection + joint hyperflexibility |
|
Definition
| marfan's syndrome (fibrillin defect) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
endocarditis associated with SLE |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| neurogibromatosis (von Recklinhausen's disease) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
epidural hematoma (middle meningeal artery) |
|
|
Term
| "lumpy bumpy" appearance of glumeruli on immunofluorescence |
|
Definition
| poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis |
|
|
Term
| lytic bone lesions on xray |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| esophagogastric lacerations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscle phosphorylase deficiency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| monoclonal antibody spike |
|
Definition
multiple myeloma (called the M protein; usually IgG or IgA), MGUS (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance), Waldenstrom's (M protein = IgM) macroglobulinemia
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis |
|
Definition
| wegener's and goodpasture's (hemoptysis and glomerular disease) |
|
|
Term
| needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| nephritis + cataracts + hearing loss |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sphingomyelinase deficiency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sheehan's syndrome pituitary infarction) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| occupational exposure to asbestos sometimes causes... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| papillary carcinoma of the thyroid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| palpable purpura on legs and buttocks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bronchogenic apical tumor associated with Horner's syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nigrostriatal dopamine depletion |
|
|
Term
| periosteal elevation on xray |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
benign polyposis (hyperpigmentation on lips, etc) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| philadelphia chromosome (bcr-abl) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pick's disease (dementia, aphasia, parkinsonian aspects - Pick bodies are intracellular, aggregated tau protein -- specifically for frontal and temporal lobes) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
emphysema -centroacinar: smoking -panacinar: alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| esophageal webs with iron deficiency anemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gout (MP joint of hallux) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
minimal change disease (lipoid nephrosis) =MCC nephrotic syndrome in kids |
|
|
Term
| polyneuropathy, cardiac pathology, and edema |
|
Definition
| dry beriberi (thiamine, vitamin B1 deficiency) |
|
|
Term
| polyneuropathy preceded by GI or respiratory infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lysosomal glucosidase deficiency associated with cardiomegaly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| positive anterior drawer sign |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pseudopalisade tumor cell arrangement |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis |
|
Definition
| horner's syndrome (associated with pancoast tumor) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
2ndary syphilis rocky mtn spotted fever |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| recurrent vasospasm in extremities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| recurrent pulmonary pseudomonas and s. aureus infections |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| urethritis, conjuctivitis, arthritis |
|
|
Term
| renal cell carcinoma + cavernous hemangiomanas + adenomas |
|
Definition
| von hippel-lindau disease |
|
|
Term
| renal epithelial casts in urine |
|
Definition
| acute toxic/viral nephrosis |
|
|
Term
| rhomboid crystals, positively birefringent |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| left-to-right shunt (VSD, PDA, ASD), mitral regurg, LV failure CHF) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| aortic stenosis, hypertrophic subaortic stenosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cutaneous t-cell lymphoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| postpartum pituitary necrosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| erythema infectiosium (fifth disease) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| membranous glomerulonephritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| splinter hemorrhages in fingernails |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| subepithelial humps on EM |
|
Definition
| poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis |
|
|
Term
| suboccipital lymphadenopathy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| swollen gums, bruising, poor wound healing, anemia |
|
Definition
| scuvry (ascorbic acid, vit c deficiency) - vit C is necessary for the hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen synthesis |
|
|
Term
systolic ejection murmur (crescendo-decrescendo) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| burkitt's lymphoma (c-myc activation) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| philadelphia chromosome, CML (bcr-abl hybrid) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| follicular lymphomas (bcl-2 activation) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tendon xanthomas (classically achilles) |
|
Definition
| familial hypercholesterolemia |
|
|
Term
| thumb sign on lateral x-ray |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic bacterial pyelonephritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "tram track" apperance on LM |
|
Definition
| membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| visceral cancer, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (migratory thrombophlebitis), hypocalcemia (carpal spasm) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| left supraclavicular node enlargement from metastatic carcinoma of the stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pulmonary embolism (triad = blood stasis, endothelial damage, hypercoagulation) |
|
|
Term
| von Recklinghausens disease |
|
Definition
| nurogibromatosis with cafe-au-lai spots |
|
|
Term
| von recklinghausen's disease of the bone |
|
Definition
| osteitis fibrosa cystics ("brown tumor") |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome |
|
Definition
| adrenal hemorrhage associated with meningococcemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic end stage renal disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malabsorption syndrome caused by tropheryma whippelii |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hepatolenticular degeneration |
|
|
Term
| "wire loop" apperance on LM |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "worst headache of my life" |
|
Definition
| berry aneurysm - associated with adult PCKD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
xerostomia + arthritis + keratoconjunctivitis sicca |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| zollinger-ellison syndrome |
|
Definition
| gastrin-secreting tumor associatd with ulcers |
|
|
Term
| the most common bacteremia/pneumonia (IVDA) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common bacteria associated with cancer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC bacteria found in GI tract |
|
Definition
| bacteroides (second MC is E. coli) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mets > astrocytoma (including glioblastoma multiforme) > meningioma > schwannoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| medulloblastoma (cerebellum) |
|
|
Term
| MC brain tumor kids -- supratentorial |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
infiltrating ductal carcinoma *in US, 1 in 9 women will develop breast cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fibrocystic change (in postmenopausal women, carcinoma is MC) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC bug in debilitated, hospitalized pneumonia patient |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC cardiac primary tumor in adults |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC cardiac primary tumor in kids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC cardiac tumor in adults |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| down syndrome (associated with ALL, Azheimer's, and endocardia cushion defects) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| atrial fibrllation (associated w/ high risk of emboli) |
|
|
Term
| MC congenital cardiac anomaly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
MC constrictive pericarditis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC coronary artery involved in thrombosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MCC cyanosis (early - less common) |
|
Definition
tetralogy of fallot transposition of great vessels truncus arteriosus |
|
|
Term
| MCC cyanosis (late - more common) |
|
Definition
VSD, ASD, PDA (close with indomethacin, open with misoprostol) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC gene involved in cancer |
|
Definition
| p53 tumor suppressor gene |
|
|
Term
| MC group affected by cystic fibrosis |
|
Definition
| caucasians (fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies, mucous plugs/lung infections) |
|
|
Term
MC gynecologic malignancy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC heart valve involved in bacterial endocarditis |
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Definition
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|
Term
| MC heart valve in bacterial endocarditis in IVDA |
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Definition
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|
Term
| MC heart valve involved in Rheumatic fever |
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Definition
| mitral valve (aortic is 2nd) |
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|
Term
| MC helminth infection (US) |
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Definition
| enterobius vermicularis (ascaris lumbricoides is 2nd MC) |
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Term
| MC hereditary bleeding disorder |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| calcium = radiopaque (2nd mc is ammonium = radiopaque; formed by urease-positive organisms such as Proteus vulgaris or staphylococcus) |
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Term
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Definition
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|
Term
| MC location of brain tumor in adults |
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Definition
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|
Term
| MC location of brain tumors in kids |
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Definition
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|
Term
| MC lysosomal storage disease |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| MC malignancy associated with noninfectious fever |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| basal cell carcinoma (rarely mets) |
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Term
|
Definition
| breast, lung, thyroid, testes, prostate, kidney |
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Term
|
Definition
| lung, breast, skin (melanoma), kidney (renal cell carcinoma), GI |
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Term
|
Definition
| colon, gastric, pancreatic, breast, and lung carcinomas |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| ALL (2nd mc is cerebellar medulloblastoma) |
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Term
|
Definition
| membranous glomerulonephritis |
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|
Term
| MC obstruction of male urinary tract |
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Definition
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|
Term
| MC opportunistic infection in AIDS |
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Definition
| Pneumocystic carinii pneumonia |
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Term
|
Definition
| adrenal glands (due to rich blood supply) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| MC ovarian tumor (benign) |
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Definition
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|
Term
| MC ovarian tumor (malignant) |
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Definition
| serous cystadenocarcinoma |
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Term
|
Definition
| adenocarcinoma (head of pancreas) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| young male (except nodular sclerosis type - female) |
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|
Term
| MC pt with minimal change disease |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| prolactinoma (2nd - somatotropic "acidophilic" adenoma) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| MC primary bone tumor (Adults) |
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Definition
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|
Term
| MC primary hyperparathyroidism |
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Definition
| adenomas (followed by hyperplasia, then carcinoma) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| renal cell carcinoma - associated with von Hippel-Lindau and acquired polycystic kidney disease; paraneoplastic syndromes (erythropoietin, renin, PTH, ACTH) |
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|
Term
MC secondary hyperparathyroidism |
|
Definition
| hypocalcemia of chronic renal failure |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| MC sites of atherosclerosis |
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Definition
| abdominal aorta > coronary > popliteal > carotid |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| MC tracheoesophageal fistula |
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Definition
| LE joints trachea/upper esophagus - blind pouch |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| leiomyoma (estrogen dependent) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| MC tumor of the adrenal medulla in adults |
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Definition
| pheochromocytoma (benign) |
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|
Term
| MC tumor of adrenal medulla (kids) |
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Definition
| neuroblastoma (malignant) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| nodular sclerosis (vs mixed cellularity, lymphocytic predominance, lymphocytic depletion) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| follicular, small cleaved |
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|
Term
| MC type of pituitary adenoma |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| temporal arteritis (risk of ipsilateral blindness due to thrombosis of ophthalmic artery) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| MC vitamin deficiency in US |
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Definition
| folic acid (pregos are at high risk; body stores only 3-4 mos supply) |
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... addison's |
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Definition
| autoimmune (infection is 2nd MC) |
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... aneurysm, dissecting |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... aortic aneurysm, abdominal and descending aorta |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... aortic aneurysm, ascending |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... bacterial meningitis (adults) |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... bacterial meningitis (elderly) |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... bacterial meningitis (kids) |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... bacterial meningitis (newborns) |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... cancer associated with AIDS |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... congenital adrenal hyperplasia |
|
Definition
| 21-hydroxylase deficiency |
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... cretinism |
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Definition
| iodine deficit/hypothyroidism |
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... cushing's syndrome |
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Definition
| corticosteroid therapy (2nd MC is excess ACTH secretion by pituitary) |
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... death in CML |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... death in SLE |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... dementia |
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Definition
| alzheimer's (2nd MC is multi-infarct) |
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... DIC |
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Definition
| gram-neg sepsis, obstetric complications, cancer, burn trauma |
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... ejection click |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... food poisoning |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... gomerulonephritis (Adults) |
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Definition
IgA nephropathy (bergers disease) |
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... hematoma - epidural |
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Definition
| rupture of middle meningeal artery (Arterial bleeding is fast) |
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... hematoma - subdural |
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Definition
| rupture of bridging veins (trauma; venous bleeding is slow) |
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... hemochromatosis |
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Definition
| multiple blood transufions (can result in CHF and increase risk of hepatocellular carcinoma) |
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... hepatic cirrhosis |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... holosystolic murmur |
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Definition
| VSD, tricuspid regurg, mitral regurg |
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... secondary HTN |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... hypoparathyroidism |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... hypopituitarism |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... infection in blood transfusion |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... infection in burn victims |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... leukemia in adults |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... "Machine-like" murmur |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... mental retardation |
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Definition
down syndrome (second MC is fragile X, poor guys) |
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... MI |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... mitral valve stenosis |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... myocarditis |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... nephrotic syndrome adults |
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Definition
| membranous glomerulonephritis |
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... nephrotic syndrome in kids |
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Definition
| minimal change disease (assct'd with infectins/vaccinations; treat with corticosteroids) |
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... opening snap |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... osteomyelitis |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... osteomyelitis in pt w/ SCD |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... osteomyelitis with IVDA |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... pancreatitis (acute) |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... pancreatitis (chronic) |
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Definition
| EtOH (Adults), cystic fibrosis (kids) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... PID |
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Definition
N. gonorrhoeae (monoarticular arthritis) |
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... pneumonia, hospital acquired |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... pneumonia in CF or burn infection |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... preventable blindness |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... primary amenorrhea |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... primary hyperaldosteronism |
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Definition
| adenoma of adrenal cortex |
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... primary hyperparathyroidism |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... pulmonary HTN |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... Right heart failure due to a pulmonary cause |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... right-sided heart failure |
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Definition
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... sheehan's syndrome |
|
Definition
| postpartum pituitary infarction secondary to hemorrhage |
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... SIADH |
|
Definition
| Small cell carcinoma of the lung |
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|
Term
Most frequent cause of... UTI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Most frequent cause of... UTI (young women) |
|
Definition
| E.coli and staphylococcus saprophyticus |
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|
Term
|
Definition
il-2 renal cell carcinoma, metastatic melanoma |
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|
Term
| erythropoietin is used for: |
|
Definition
epoetin -anemias (esp in renal failure) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
granulocyte colony-stimulating factor -recovery of bone marrow |
|
|
Term
| sargramostim is used for: |
|
Definition
granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor recovery of bone marrow |
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|
Term
| alpha - interferon is used for: |
|
Definition
| hep B & C, kaposi's, leukemias, malignant lymphoma |
|
|
Term
| beta-interferon is used for: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| gamma interferon is used for: |
|
Definition
| chronic granulomatous disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
interleukin 11 thrombocytopoenia |
|
|
Term
thrombopoietin is used for: |
|
Definition
|
|
