Term
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Definition
Are found in nature within rocks and are and essential part of our consumption. |
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Term
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Definition
Minerals found in high enought concentrations to be profitably extracted. |
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Term
| Minerals can be concentrated by many ways, name two... |
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Definition
Hydrothermal processes
Magmatic processes |
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Term
| A hydrothermal process happens at a... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| accumulation of valuable minerals by deposition of dense mineral phases in a trap site |
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Term
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Definition
Behind rock bars
in rock holes
below waterfalls
inside meander loops
Downstream from a tributary
behind undulations on ocean floor |
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Term
| Controls where metals and minerals are found |
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Definition
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Term
| Many valuable metals and minerals are found around... |
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Definition
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Term
Why is so much energy lost?
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Definition
- inefficient production and trasport
- 2nd law of thermodynamics
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Term
| What are a few of the major fuels used by the world? |
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Definition
| Coal, oil, natural gas and nuclear |
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Term
| The US uses about __ barrels of fuel per capital per year, Indian orTanzania use __ barrels |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Remains of organic matter from plants and animals, usually trapped within sedimentary rocks |
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Term
| When sedimentary rockes undergo heating and burial, oranic remains... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Marine bacteria and algae |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The largest coal deposits formed during the... |
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Definition
| Carboniferous and Permian period, and Cretaceous period. |
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Term
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Definition
| Naturally occuring hydrocarbons (liquid, solid, or gas) in marine sedimentary rocks that have undergone burial/heating |
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Term
| In older rocks, the rate of leakage is... |
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Definition
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Term
| Name a few alternative energy sources |
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Definition
Biomass energy
Hydroelectric
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar, Wind, Tides
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Term
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Definition
| Wood and animal dung, fast growing grasses, using methane from waste products |
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Term
| Earth is ___ billion years old. |
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Definition
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Term
| THe Hadean Eon was characterized by... |
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Definition
| Dense hot atmosphere. No oxygen. Lots of CO2, sulfur, nitrogen,and water vapor. |
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Term
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Definition
| Atmospher no longer acidic, still no oxygen, life begins. |
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Term
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Definition
| Breathed in CO2 gave off O2. Lead to the formation of the ozone making it safe for life. |
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Term
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Definition
| breathed O2, split into two branches: Plants and animals |
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Term
| Evidence that Earth's atmosphere and oceans were not O2 rich are found in... |
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Definition
| rocks formed from iron dissolved in water (can only happen without O2) |
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Term
| What four criteria define something that is living? |
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Definition
- Metabolism- chemical reactions by which the organism gets energy
- Growth- ordering molecules to make larger ones
- Reproduction- Cell division and self-replication
- Evolution- changes in the characteristics or organisms over many generations
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Term
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Definition
| Minimum system that can sustain life: Living things, non-living environment and an energy source |
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Term
| An ecostystem needs a minimum of two kinds of organisms called- |
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Definition
| Autotrophs and Heterotrophs |
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Term
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Definition
| Make their own food by taking nutrients and energy (plants, photosynthetic bacteria) |
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Term
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Definition
| Decomposers-- Break down live or dead organic matter. (Bacteria, Fungi) |
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Term
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Definition
| interconnections between trophic levels |
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Term
| External energy for most ecosystems is the... |
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Definition
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Term
| The first law of thermodynamics is... |
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Definition
| In any physical or chemical change, energy is neither created nor destroyed, but changed from one form to another. |
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Term
| The Second Law of thermodynamics says: |
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Definition
| Energy always changes from a useful, organized form to a less useful, unorganized one (heat) |
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Term
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Definition
| The total amound of organic matter in an ecosystem |
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Term
| Autotrophs are ____ producers |
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Definition
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Term
| Heterotrophs are _____ producers |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Group of individuals of the same species living in an area, interbreeding and sharing genetic information |
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Term
| Growth rate=___ rate-___rate |
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Definition
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Term
| If population grows too fast and rescources are limited, growth will... |
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Definition
slow down. Overcrowding=spread of disease
too little food per individual=decline in reproduction rates |
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Term
| Nuclear energy is derived from |
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Definition
| atomic nuclei of radioactive isotopes, chiefly uranium. |
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