Term
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Definition
| most specialized reion of the tubular portion of the alimentary tract. lacks typical layering |
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Definition
| mucous membrane consisting of nonkeratinized stratified squamous (may be keritinized in regions of greater friction). submucosa contains many small salivary glands. |
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Definition
| region of transition from keratinized to nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium. red margin |
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Definition
| red region of dry epithelium. redness due to increased number and height of connective tissue papillae carrying an abundance of capillaries |
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Definition
| muscular organ used for tasting, gripping, manipulating food. speaking. |
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Definition
| most prominent on the tongue but also found on soft palate, pharyngeal walls, and epiglottis. barrel shaped structures that extend through the epithelium from the basal lamina. |
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Definition
| opening through which microvilli project from bud cells. nerve fibers wrapped around base. |
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Definition
| fasciles all arranged in different planes and angles |
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Definition
| projections used to grip food |
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Definition
| long, pointed projections. appear white due to keratinization. most numerous |
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Definition
| mushroom shapes with nonkeritinized epithelium. appear as small red dots. some contain taste buds. |
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Definition
| broad, circular and surrounded by deep moats. walls of crypts contain numerous taste buds |
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Definition
| serous glands that empty into the base of moat surrounding circumvillate papillae. dissolve food molecules to aid in sense of taste |
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Definition
| leaf shaped projections that overlap like shingles on the lateral posterior portion of the tongue. endowed with taste buds and ducts of serous glands emerge between papillae. |
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Term
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Definition
| cradle each acinus. contract to help propel secretory products. |
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Term
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Definition
| demonstrate secretory granules that contain water, salts, enzymes and other proteins |
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Definition
| foamy appearance with flattened basal nuclei |
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Definition
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Definition
| lined with simple squamous or a low cuboidal epithelium |
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Definition
| lined with simple columnar cells with reversed polarity that appear to have a striated basal border. pump ions from saliva into surrounding connective tissues. water follows via osmosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| formed by the junction of several intralobar ducts. begin as simple columnar epithelium eventually shifting to a stratified cuboidal/columnar. |
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Term
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Definition
| lined by stratified cuboidal/columnar or pseudostratified epithelium which shifts to a stratified squamous just before empyting into the oral cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| largest. flattened pads in front of each ear. compound acinar glands containing only serous cells. produce salivary amylase. contain significant clusters of adipose (increases with age) |
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Term
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Definition
| compound tubuloacinar seromucous glands located under middle third of body of mandible. produce bulk of saliva that enters oral cavity thru Whartons ducts. mixed serous and mucus. |
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Term
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Definition
| series of compound tubuloacinar glands located under tongue. seromucous glands but mucous cells predominate. |
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Term
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Definition
| lumenal lining. consists of 3 layers. |
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Definition
| either nonkeritinized stratified squamous or simple columnar |
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Definition
| supporting loose irregular connective tissue. home to many immune cells. |
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Definition
| thin layer of smooth muscle |
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Definition
| relatively thick layer of loose connective tissue. rich in blood vessels. |
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Definition
| network of nerves and small parasympathetic ganglia. between submucosa and circular muscle layer. controls secretion and absorption functions. |
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Term
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Definition
| inner circular and outer longitudinal muscle layers |
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Term
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Definition
| inner circular layer enlarged here. at junction of organs. |
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Term
| Myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus |
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Definition
| small ganglia located between muscle layers. controls motility. |
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Term
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Definition
| outermost layer of loose connective tissue when the tube is attached to a mesentery and surrounded by a simple squamous epithelium. |
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Term
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Definition
| outermost layer composed of loose connective tissue when the outer layer blends in with the connective tissue of surrounding structures |
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Term
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Definition
| lined with stratified squamous epithelium. diffuse lymphoid tissue common within lamina propria. thick muscularis mucosa. |
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Definition
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Term
| muscularis externa of esophagus |
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Definition
| skeletal muscle upper 1/3, smooth muscle lower 2/3 |
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Term
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Definition
| cardia, body, fundus, pylorus |
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Term
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Definition
| liquefies food via chemical/enzymatic and mechanical digestion |
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Term
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Definition
| lined by simple columnar epithelia arranged in glands |
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Term
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Definition
| common to all stomach regions as they line the surface between and within the lips of the gastric pits. different type of mucous than goblet cells. secrete via pinocytotic vesicles. appear foamy near apical surface. also make lysozyme. half life 3-5 days. |
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Term
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Definition
| secreted by surface mucus cells to destroy cell wall of gram positive bacteria |
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Term
| undifferentiated reserve cell |
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Definition
| found in gastric pits. can differentiate into several cell types as they migrate into proper position. |
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Term
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Definition
| produce chemically different type of mucous. smaller and stain darkly |
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Term
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Definition
| eosinophilic (stain pink). pyramidal. upper portions of gastric glands. complex invaginations with microvilli. secrete HCl and intrinsic factor. |
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Term
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Definition
| deeper portions of glands. basophilic cytoplasm (stain dark purple). secrete pepsinogen |
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Term
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Definition
| small pyramidal. clear unstained cytoplasm. stain with silver or chromium salts. secrete products into lamina propria to enter capillaries. |
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Term
| cardiac and pyloric glands |
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Definition
| contain primarily mucus secreting cells |
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Term
| gastric glands (fundus and body) |
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Definition
| produce bulk of enzymes. short pits with compound glands. |
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Term
| isthmus and neck portions |
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Definition
| mucous neck cells and enteroendocriine cells |
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Term
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Definition
| predominantly chief cells with some parietal and scattered enteroendocrine cells |
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Term
| lamina propria in stomach |
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Definition
| occupies space between glands |
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Term
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Definition
| has 3 layers: innermost oblique, middle circular, outer longitudinal |
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Term
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Definition
| contains more mast cells and other lymph cells than other organs |
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Term
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Definition
| small mucosa projections into lumen. only in small intestine. center is lamina propria |
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Term
| absorptive cells of small intestine |
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Definition
| most abundant. simple columnar with dense microvilli that form striated border. |
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Term
| goblet cells of small intestine |
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Definition
| become more abundant distally |
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Term
| lamina propria of small intestine |
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Definition
| forms core of each villus. capillaries and lacteals. richly infiltrated with lymphoid cells |
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Term
| intestinal crypts of Lieberkuhn |
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Definition
| simple, straight, tubular, glandular invaginations of the mucosa |
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Term
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Definition
| grouped together in deepest parts of crypts. pink granules release lysozyme. |
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Term
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Definition
| transverse folds in the submucosa |
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Term
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Definition
| densely packed, long, broad, flat villi. |
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Term
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Definition
| submucosal glands that secrete sodium bicarbonate. aids in the neutralization of the HCl from the stomach |
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Term
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Definition
| villi slight shorter and less closely packed. |
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Term
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Definition
| villi shorter, finger like. more widely dispersed. have peyer's patches |
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Term
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Definition
| lymphoid nodules embedded in diffuse lymphoid tissue. located in lamina propria on opposite side from mesentery. |
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Term
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Definition
| blind evagination of the cecum. contains absorptive, goblet, enteroendocrine, undifferentiated and Panneth cells. nodular lymphoid infiltration of lamina propria |
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Term
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Definition
| deep crypts but no villi. absorptive, goblet and undifferentiated cells. goblet cells |
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Term
| Rectoanal junction (line of Hilton) |
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Definition
| mucosa shifts from simple columnar to stratified squamou |
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