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Definition
| innermost layer composed of endothelial cells with a thin underlying layer of connective tissue |
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| middle layer composed of circular oriented smooth muscle cells |
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Definition
| outermost layer composed of connective tissue. usually merges with surrounding connective tissue of organ. |
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Definition
| largest ones, near the heart that contain circumferential sheets and fenestrated sheets of elastic fibers primarily within tunica media. extra elastic fibers located in internal elastic lamina of intima and external elastic lamina of adventitia. allow stretching during systole and subsequent relaxation between systolic blood flow (important in moderatio of blood pressure) |
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Definition
| tunica media highly invested with blood vessels |
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Definition
| derived as major branches off elastic arteries to supply organs and extremities. muscle important in constriction/dilation of the artery that allows direct role in controlling blood flow. smooth muscle of tunica media respons to nervous, hormonal and local metabolite stimuli. 3 tunicas plus internal and external elastic laminas very distinct |
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Definition
| most distal branches of arterial system in which smooth muscle layer is still continuous. most important for controlling blood flow/pressure. |
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| small lumenal diameter and only occasional and scattered smooth muscle cells. important in controlling blood flow thru capillaries |
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Definition
| smallest blood vessels of system with thinnest walls. site of all exchange. meshwork supplying all cells of the body. consists of endothelium and basal lamina (one cell thick) |
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Definition
| multipotent cell occasionally found in capillaries that retain ability to differentiate into several other types of cells. important in repair. |
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Definition
| endothelia forms complete lining without any defects - most common type |
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Definition
| endothelia processes minute pores that renders capillary wall more permeable. found in GI tract, endocrine glands, kidney, choroid plexus. |
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Definition
| channels that are larger than normal capillaries and have a highly fenestrated basal lamina. found in liver, spleen, bone marrow, and some endocrine glands |
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Definition
| large lumen and thin walls. tunicas less distinctly demarcated. |
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Definition
| need for valves in veins of legs to return blood to the heart |
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Definition
| striations like skeletal muscle, but not as full (nucleus centrally located). cylindrical cells that are often branched produces a woven or interlaced appearance. rich supply of capillaries |
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Definition
| type of cardiac muscle cells |
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Definition
| larger cells, frothy central cytoplasm with few striations all located peripherally. component of cardiac conduction system |
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Definition
| junctional complex connecting ends of adjascen cardiac muscle cells. desmosomes. adherent junctions.gap junctions. |
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Definition
| actin fibers cross between cells |
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Definition
| allow greater coordination between cells |
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Definition
| no regeneration possible due to high degree of differentiation. lost tissue replaced by a connectie tissue scar. |
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Term
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Definition
| run parallel for capillary and venous side of circulatory system. movement via muscle compression. requires valves to prevent backflow |
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Definition
| endothelial cells not tightly joined, edges loosely overlap. fibers anchor endothelial cells to surrounding structures, expose slits and keep vessels from collapsing when interstitial pressure increased. overlapping endothelial cells forms minivalves in lymphatic capillaries, prevents backflow. |
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Definition
| extremely thin wall due to low pressure, vessel often partially collapsed in section. equipped with valves. typically found adjascent to circulatory vessels. |
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Definition
| inner layer of simple squamous epithelial and supporting layer of fine connective tissue |
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Definition
| middle layer of cardiac muscle. thickest layer. atria thinner. ventricle thicker. myocytes separated by rich capillary network. |
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Definition
| outermost layer. synonymous with visceral pericardium. composed of simple squamous epithelial covering, underlying connective tissue contains copious amounts of adipose |
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Definition
| provide tension for chordae tendinae |
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Definition
| collagenous and elastic structures that prevent prolapse of AV valves |
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Definition
| composed of irregular twirling of small fibers that lack intercalated discs and are embedding in collagenous connective tissue |
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Definition
| modified myocytes that act as terminal branches of cardiac conduction system in ventricles. located just deep to endocardium. cells typically larger than myocytes and often binucleated. less myofibrils. large glycogen stores surrounding nucleus (shows up as clear area around nucleus). |
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