Term
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Definition
| two adjacent vertebrae, their joints, and the IV disc between them. given the name of the superior member of the unit. |
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Term
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Definition
| consists of two vertebrae and associated soft tissues |
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Term
| capsular ligaments for facet articulations |
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Definition
| contribute to stability and limitation of motion |
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Term
| ligaments with high elastin content |
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Definition
| can store kinetic energy that can be used to help restore segment to original position |
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Term
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Definition
| fibrocartilage; bound with hyaline cartiliage above and below to each segment |
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Term
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Definition
| gelatinous core of IV disc that acts to distribute and redirect stress and store energy |
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Definition
| when sidebending is attempted from neutral (anatomical) position, rotation of vertebral bodies follows to the opposite direction |
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Term
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Definition
| when sidebending is attempted from non-neutral position, rotation must precede sidebending to same side. motion occuring when the spine is in a position where facet structures determine the motion characteristics |
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Term
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Definition
| Motion introduced in one plane limits and modifies motion in the other planes |
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Term
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Definition
| plane where flexion and extension occur about a transverse axis. |
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Term
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Definition
| point of balance of an articular surface from which all physioloic motions in that articulation take place. that range of forward bending (for T spine) or backward bending (for L spine) where the motion is not dependent upon the facets but on the body of the vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs with forward bending |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| mechanincs of group curves |
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Definition
| unilateral muscle contraction creates concavity (short-term, resolves with relaxation). Long-term anatomic adaptation associated with positional change (tissue change over time) |
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Term
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Definition
| spinal curve that involves several segments. compensatory changes often named according to this |
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Term
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Definition
| compensation in coronal plane. when the sacral base is unlevel, the body compensates to try to keep the eyes level. early in the process the thoracic and lumbar spine for a long C-shaped curve that is concave away from the short leg. with more time the compensatory mechanisms redistribute and an S-shaped curve forms with the lumbar concavity away from the short leg and the thoracic concavity towards the short leg |
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Term
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Definition
| patient bends forward at waist. monitor for symmetry of thoracic area, spinal line, and rib hump |
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Term
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Definition
| sidebending preceeds rotation |
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Term
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Definition
| usually occur with groups of segments. greatest motion occurs towards the middle segments |
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Term
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Definition
| rotation occurs first with sidebending following in the same direction. one segment usually close to the center of the group must rotate to the side you are trying to rotate to |
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Term
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Definition
| bony limit (ligamentous resistance increases as you approach this barrier) |
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Term
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Definition
| limit of active motion. soft tissue tension accumulation limits the active motion of an articulation. can be moved by doing warm-up exercises for the joint |
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Term
| Flexion of Cervical Spine |
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Definition
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Term
| Extension of Cervical Spine |
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Definition
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Term
| Sidebending of cervical spine |
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Definition
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Term
| Rotation of Cervical Spine |
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Definition
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Term
| Flexion of Thoracic Spine |
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Definition
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Term
| Extension of thoracic spine |
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Definition
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Term
| Sidebending of Thoracic Spine |
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Definition
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Term
| Rotation of Thoracic spine |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Extension of Lumbar Spine |
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Definition
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Term
| Sidebending of Lumbar Spine |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| lay down on your left side |
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Term
| transverse (horizontal) axis |
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Definition
| sagittal plane rotates on this |
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Term
| longitudinal (vertical) axis |
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Definition
| transverse plane rotates on this |
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Term
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Definition
| coronal plane rotates on this |
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Term
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Definition
| a rounded process of bone fits into a bondy ligamentous socket, permitting rotation. Example: atlanto-axial joint |
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Term
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Definition
| permit gliding or sliding movements. example: acromioclavicular joint |
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Term
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Definition
| permit flexion and extension only. example: humero-ulnar joint |
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Term
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Definition
| multiaxial; a rounded head fits into a concavity, permiting movement on several axes. Example: pelvic-femoral joint |
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Term
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Definition
| biaxial; saddle shaped heads permit movement in two directions. Example: carpometacarpal joints |
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Term
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Definition
| biaxial; permit flexion and extension, abduction and adduction, and circumduction. Example: metacarpophalangeal joint |
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Term
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Definition
| level of suprasternal notch |
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Term
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Definition
| angle of lewis aka sternal angle |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| level of spine of scapula |
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Term
| spinous process of T7 and transverse process of T8 |
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Definition
| level of inferior angle of scapula |
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