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| List the four major powers of the Grand Alliance that defeated Napoleon. |
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| Britain, Austria, Prussia, and Russia |
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| In what city did representatives of the victorious nations gather to decide how to restore the order and stability of Europe? Who was the leading figure at this congress (thus the period from 1815-1848 is called the "Age of Metternich")? |
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| Vienna, Austria; Prince Klemens von Metternich |
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| What principle guided the congress as they sought to restore those rules whom Napoleon had ousted? |
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| The cooperation among the member nations of Europe to avoid wars and to suppress nationalism and liberalism was known as what? |
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| Name the two countries in which the alliance system suppressed uprisings in the 1820s. What country did members of the alliance systems assist in its revolt during the 1820s? |
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| Lord Castlereagh and Alexander I |
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| Spokesman for the great powers (Russia and Austria) |
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| Charles Maurice de Talleyrand |
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| representative of defeated France in the Congress of Vienna |
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| compensation to other nations for war damages |
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| reinstated the powers of absolute monarchy, the aristocracy, and Roman Catholicism |
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| someone who wished to reverse the trends begun by the French Revolution and restore Europe to its pre-Revolutionary conditions |
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| any attempt by Europe to establish or reestablish colonies in the Western Hemisphere would be considered an "unfriendly" act of aggression |
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| After Napoleon's defeat, who was invitied to assume the throne of his brother Louis XVI? |
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| What nations were members of the Quadruple Alliance? |
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| Austria, Prussia, Russia, and Great Britain |
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| Did every member of the Quintuple Alliance agree with the plans to restore the Spanish colonies to the monarchy of Spain? If not, who disagreed? |
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| Was the Congress of Vienna proposing a conservative or liberal approach to reorganizing Europe? Why? |
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| In what country did the revolution fires of the 1830s and 1848 first spark? |
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| What country gained its independence from the Netherlands through the revolts of the 1830s? |
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| Following the violence of the "June Days," whom did the people of France elect as president of the Second French Republic? |
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| Napoleon III (Louis Napoleon) |
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| Name the young Austrian ruler who renounced the concessions of his predecessor and crushed nationalistic revolts throughout his empire? |
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| What policy did Czar Nicholas I institute in Russia to strengthen his control over the state? |
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| stressed individual rights such as life, liberty, and property |
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| cause for national freedom; promoted a strong drive for unification in both the Italian and German states |
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| France's new king, sought to restore absolute rule; had reactionary policies |
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| rebellion by people in Paris that forced Charles X to leave |
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| made king after Charles X left ("citizen king") |
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| recognized the independence of Belgium |
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| Battle by whom.....p 424 that lasted three days that thousands of Frenchmen lost their lives |
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| instituted a policy of "Autocracy, Orthodoxy, and Nationalism" which is also called ....p 425 |
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| What three European nations fought on the side of the Turks against Russia in the Crimean War? |
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| Britain, France, and the Kingdom of Sardinia |
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| Name the prime minister of Sardinia primarily responsible for the unification of Italy. |
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| Who was the Prussian politician primarily responsible for the unification of Germany? Against what three European countries did he take Prussia to war in order to achieve his goal? |
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| Otto von Bismarck, Denmark, Austria, and France |
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| As a result of Austria's military defeat, what nationality within the Austrian Empire was able to achieve self-government? |
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| What was Czar Alexander II's most inportant social reform? |
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| the politics of reality in which they used whatever means necessary to advance their national goals |
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| first major international conflict after Napoleon died |
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| nationalistic movement for unification of Italy |
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| strong patriot whom followed Mazzini wanted to unify Italy and therefore gathered .... p 429 |
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| cause was the throne of Spain |
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| a Monarchs who ruled them Austro-Hungarian Empire |
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| established the modern nursing profession, what country was she from? What war was she in? |
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| What is the name of the cultural movement that gave literary and artistic expression to the concepts of "Liberty, Equality,Fraternity"? |
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| List six prominent themes prevalent in the works of Romantic writers. |
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| Longing for distant lands and past, fascination with supernatual and mysterious, glorification of the Noble Savage, Nature, Freedom, and Nationalism |
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| What man bridged the gap between classical and romantic music? |
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| Ludwig van Beethoven; what did he do for the orchestra? p 438 |
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| Romantic musicians often expressed their affection for their homeland through their musical compositions. Identify the national backgrounds of each of the following:,Frederick Chopin, Franz Liszt, Peter Tchaikovsky, Giuseppi Verdi, Richard Wagner. |
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| Polish, Hungary, Russian, Italy, German |
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| What aspect of Romanticism did the paintings of Constable and Turner illustrate? |
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| one of the most famous romatic novelists who wrote Ivanhoe |
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| leading French romatic who wrote The Hunchback of Notre Dame |
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| English poet who wrote Kubla Khan |
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| German author who wrote plays |
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| American writer who wrote peoms and short stories |
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| American writer who wrote books |
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| George Gordon, Lord Byron |
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| English poet who died in Greek vs Turks war |
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| greatest Russian poet who used nationalism as a major theme in his writings p 437 |
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| most famous neoclassical painter |
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| the great romantic (painter) who painted Liberty leading the People |
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| wrote operas; how were his operas different from Wagner? p 439 |
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