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Definition
-"resting phase"
-cell makes enzymes needed for DNA synthesis
-cells spend most of cell cycle in this phase
-varies most amoung cell types
-cell mass gradually increases
-most DNA content? |
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Definition
-protein synthesis
-opportunity for DNA repair |
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Definition
-mitosis (nuclear division)
-cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) |
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Definition
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Definition
-continute to G1
-differentiate into specialized cells
-enter G0 phase |
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Definition
-found in cytoplasm
-cyclins activate cdks |
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| cdk levels are constant throughout cell cycle? |
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| determine if cell can pass checkpoint |
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Definition
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Definition
| -phoshorylates/activates cdk |
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Definition
| -phosphorylates/inhibits cdk |
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Definition
| -can remove 2nd phosphate group (caused by Wee kinase) |
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Definition
| -inhibits/causes rearrangement of cdk active site |
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Term
| quantity control of cyclins and CKIs |
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Definition
| -ubiquitin labels for degradation |
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Term
| determines whether cells progresses to next checkpoint |
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Definition
| number of active complexes |
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| determines number of active complexes |
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Definition
-cyclin and CKI concentration
-action of kinases/phosphatases |
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| cyclin and CKI levels determined by |
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Definition
| ubiquitinylation and synthesis |
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Definition
| growth factor and mitogen |
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Term
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Definition
-pre-RCs form during G1
-S-cdk triggers DNA replication
-preinitiation complex forms
-activation of replication origins causes disassembly of pre-RCs
-pre-RCs cannot reform until G1
-because pre-RC formation is stimulated by APC and inhibited by cdks |
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Definition
| open structure, genes can be expressed |
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| condensed structure, genes cannot be expressed |
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