Term
T/F
Thin and thick filaments can overlap in the A band |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
Oxidative phosphorylation occurs whithin the mitochondria of muscle cells |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
The lever system at the elbow joint provides a mechanical advantage meaning that when the biceps muscle contracts to lift an object in the hand, the force needed to develop in the biceps can be considerably less than the actual load that is moved |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
The larger a motor unit is in a muscle, the more precisely controlled the gradation of muscle contraction will be |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
Ligaments attach muscles to bones |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
The parasympathetic nervous system is always inhibitory to the organs it innervates |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
Sympathetic innervation to the salivary glands stimulates salivation while parasympathetic innervation to the same glands inhibits saliva release |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following statements concerning the length-tension relationship of skeletal muscle is incorrect? |
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Definition
| maximum tension can be developed if a resting muscle has been stretched by more than 30% before stimulation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Which organ is not innervated by the parasympathetic division? |
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Definition
| the majority of blood vessels |
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Term
| Which of the following is not a method of gradation in skeletal muscle contraction? |
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Definition
| stimulating variable portions of each motor unit |
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Term
| A neuromodulator implicated as a neural sleep factor is |
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Definition
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Term
| Calcium turns on cross bridges by physically repositioning the troponin-tropomyosin complex to uncover the actin cross-bridge binding sites in |
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Definition
| Both skeletal and cardiac muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| binds to adrenergic receptors |
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Term
| The peripheral nervous system |
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Definition
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Term
| Which is not a normal age related change that occurs in muscles of older individuals? |
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Definition
| a reduction in the blood supply |
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Term
| What would occur if ACh was not removed from the nicotinic receptors on skeletal muscle cells? |
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Definition
| sodium would continue to move into the cell causing excitation |
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Term
| In a muscle fiber undergoing maximal tetanic stimulation, the velocity of shortening _____as the load _________ |
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Definition
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Term
| During an isotonic contraction of a muscle in the arm |
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Definition
| the tension in the muscle remains constant |
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Term
| Conscious initiation of muscle contraction is controlled by |
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Definition
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Term
| The smallest unit of contraction within a skeletal muscle is a: |
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Definition
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Term
| The origin of a muscle is its |
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Definition
| stationary end of attachment |
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Term
| Which statement is characteristic of sympathetic activity |
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Definition
| the pupils of the eye dilate |
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Term
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Definition
| bind to acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Indicate which is the proper sequence of events in skeletal muscle contraction:
- myosin binds to actin
- action potentials is propogated down T-tubule
- thin filaments are pulled in toward center of A band
- tropomyosin moves to uncover binding site on actin
- calcium is released from sarcoplasmic reticulum
- calcium binds to troponin
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Definition
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Term
| Fatigue is the failure of a muscle fiber to maintain_____as a result of previous contractile activity |
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Definition
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Term
| According to the sliding-filament mechanism of muscle contraction, the |
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Definition
| thin filaments slide inward toward the center of the A band |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is not a determination of whole muscle tension? |
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Definition
| the proportion of each motor unit that is contracting at any given time |
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Term
| The striated appearance of skeletal muscle is due to the |
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Definition
| regular orderly arrangement of the thick and thin filaments into A and I bands |
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Term
| Which of the following is not a characteristic of skeletal muscle? |
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Definition
| is innervated by afferents from the central nervous system |
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Term
| The first source of ATP used by skeletal muscles comes from: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Atropine_____the effect of acetylcholine at _____receptors and ______ _______ receptors |
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Definition
| blocks, muscarinic, does not affect, nicotinic |
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Term
| The T tubules in skeletal muscle |
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Definition
| provide a means of rapidly transmitting the action potential from the surface into the central portions of the muscle fiber |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Is the most powerful fiber |
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Definition
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Term
| Is found predominantly in muscles adapted for low-intensity and long-duration activities |
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Definition
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Term
| Is found predominantly in muscles designed for endurance |
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Definition
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Term
| Is found predominantly in muscles designed for sprinting |
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Definition
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Term
| Can not be transformed into another fiber type by specific training |
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Definition
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Term
| Produces the most lactic acid |
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Definition
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Term
| Causes vasoconstriction in the majority of arterioles throughout the body |
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Definition
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Term
| Is found in cholinergic neurons |
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Definition
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Term
| Causes dilation of bronchioles during sympathetic activity |
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Definition
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Term
| Is found on the dendrites of all postganglionic fibers in the autonomic nervous system |
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Definition
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Term
| Causes vasodilation of arterioles in skeletal muscle |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the receptor found in heart muscle |
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Definition
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