Term
| cortisol exerts _____ feedback |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary to suppress its own secreations |
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Term
| exogenous glucocorticoid drug would result in... |
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Definition
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Term
| cortisol is the opposite of___ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
replacement therapy- adrenal insufficiency
most frequent- antininflammatory effects
allergic reactions
prevention of graft rejection |
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Term
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Definition
| osteoporosis, peptic ulceration, cataracts, adrenal supression |
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Term
| effects of NSAID drugs ( adverse) |
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Definition
| GI tract- irritation, gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and bleeding |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| side effects of opioid anagesics |
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Definition
| miosis, sedation,supression of cough, tolerance to pain |
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Term
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Definition
| coma, pinpoint pupils, respiratory depression |
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Term
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Definition
| detoxification and temporary maintence treatement of opioid addiction |
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Term
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Definition
antitussive, antidiarrheal
low potency agonists for mild to moderate pain |
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Term
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Definition
very rapidly reverses opioid induced respiratory depression
precipitate withdrawel syndrome in physical dependence-- naloxone |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
bleeding/ swelling
disruption of musculoskelteal units
vascular disruption |
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Term
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Definition
direct- bone
indirect- blow or traction |
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Term
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Definition
| bone sticks out through skin |
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Term
|
Definition
| bleeding or hemorrahigc shock |
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Term
|
Definition
| nerves are injured from traction |
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Term
| early stage: bone or joint |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| compartment syndrome, decreased sensation, paleness,severe pain, weakness |
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Term
|
Definition
thromboembolism
pulmonary/fat emobolism 24-72 hours post injury |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| local pain, swelling, thing brown drainage, musty odor, brownze discoloration of skin; fever, tachycardaia, somnolence, shock, eventually coma |
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Term
|
Definition
7-14 days post trauma
muscle pain, stiffness, progressive rigidity convulsion and death |
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Term
|
Definition
| contracture, complex regional pain syndrome |
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Term
| late stage: bone and joint |
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Definition
malunion, nonunion
chronic osteomyelitis, necrosis |
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Term
| nonunion is the result of____ |
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Definition
| infection, inadequate immobilization, distraction to fx site, disruption of blood flow, ill-conceived surgical intervention |
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Term
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Definition
result of bacterial infection of bone
occurs in open fracture or surgical intervention of closed fracture, bacteria can live in dead bone which can lead to amputation, becuase there is no way to get the antibiotic to the dead bone without blood flow |
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Term
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Definition
common in fxs and dislocations where bone is rendered ischemic
restoration of blood flow must be rapid
associated with decreased ROM and 2 to degenerative arthritis |
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Term
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Definition
| usually a complication of intra articular fractures |
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Term
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Definition
| width wise straight across, result of simple angulatory forces |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| angulated break; occurs on an angle |
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Term
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Definition
| bone is broken in three or more fragments, crush injury--> often amputated |
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Term
|
Definition
metaphyseal- soft bone ends
diaphyseal- thick shaft
epiphyseal- grow plate in long bones |
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Term
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Definition
| less than 15lbs of weight; balence purpses only |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| 3 months of immobility prior to WB status |
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Term
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Definition
| leg appears shortened, external rotation healing process 12-16 wks |
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Term
|
Definition
car bumper injury
tx- hinge brace most common cause is axial loading |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| high energy injuryings- falling, jumping tend to be spiral fractures |
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Term
| what is the most common joint disorder? |
|
Definition
| osteoarthritis; degenerative joint disease ( wear and tear) |
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Term
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Definition
| knee, hip, spine, fingers, thumb, big toe, neck |
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Term
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Definition
| spur formed when osteoblast formation increases while reorption decreases |
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Term
|
Definition
bony enlargements of distal and proximal IP joints
Heberden- distally
Bouchard- proximal |
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|
Term
| OA is greater in what popualation? |
|
Definition
women (hands), 25% of the population ( 67 million) older than 45
men are dx before 45 and women are dx after 45 |
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Term
|
Definition
| grating of joints with movement |
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Term
| in developmental trauma disorder what are the percentages of perpertrators? |
|
Definition
77% parents
11% relatives
2% other child care provider
10% unknown |
|
|
Term
| what percentage of perpertrators are under the age of 40? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what percent of perps. are women |
|
Definition
| 61%- neglect and maltreatment |
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Term
| what age group is at the hightest risk of DTD |
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Definition
| 67% are under 1, 80% under 3 |
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Term
|
Definition
avoidance- rejection and failure to provide basic emotional/physical support
ambivalent- detachment and neglect
disorganization- traumatized, repeated exposure to uncontrolled and unpredictable stress |
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Term
| structures develop into eyes at___ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| eyes have already formed at ____ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| vision pathways to cortext is developed but the visual structures are still immature at ____ |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| eyes migrate closer together leaadig to widely spaced eyes |
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Term
| intrauterine infections can cause____ |
|
Definition
| cataracts, glaucoma, or chorioretinitis |
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Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the choroid and retinal layers of the eye |
|
|
Term
| leading causes of blindness in children are _____ |
|
Definition
cortical vision impairments
reinopathy of prematurity
optic nerve hypoplasia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
coloboma of eye
heart defect
choanal Atresia
retarded growth/development
genital abnormalities
ear malformation |
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|
Term
|
Definition
coloboma
choanal atresia
cranial nerve defect
charge ears |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| missing tissue- congenital defect of the eye caused by failure of complete growth in affected area |
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Term
|
Definition
| unsteady jiggling of the eye |
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|
Term
| cortical vision impairment |
|
Definition
| bran based visual impairment; temp or perm. |
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Term
|
Definition
x linked trait in 8% of men
red/green is the most common |
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|
Term
| retinopathy of prematurity |
|
Definition
most common cause of retinal damage in premies
25% of infants less than 2500grams
vascular damage to retina |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| partial retinal detachment, surgeical procedure- scleral uckle or vitrectomy |
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Term
|
Definition
| end stage, complete retinal detahcment, surgery ( open-sky) |
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Term
|
Definition
shaken infant syndrome- retinal hmorrahges
toxoplasmosis
tay-sachs- abnormal cellular material in retina
retinal tumors- retinoblastoma |
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Term
|
Definition
| small thin optic nerve transmits impair information to brain , sensory systagmus is observed |
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Term
|
Definition
| increase intraocular pressure, hardening of eye, damage to cornea |
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Term
|
Definition
| occurs 1st year, blockage of liquid flow from abnormal membran that covers the meshwork |
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Term
|
Definition
| secondary to infection,ROP, occular inflammation, eye truama |
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Term
|
Definition
| far sightness- most common in children |
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Term
|
Definition
| surface of cornea has ellipical rather than sperical shape, light rays do not focus on single point and image is blurred |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| squint or cross eyes, poor convergence |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| problem with sound transmitting portions outer or middle ear |
|
|
Term
| treacher collins syndrome |
|
Definition
| heredity, underdevelopment of external ear canal and middle ear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| progressive condition that occurs as early as late adolescene.... hardening of the ear |
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|
Term
| tx for conductive hearing loss |
|
Definition
| antibiotics, removal of ear wax, placement of tubes |
|
|
Term
| sensorineural hearing loss |
|
Definition
problem or damage to inner ear
chochlear hairs, acoustic nerve or brain stem. not corrected with surgery, need hearing aid or cochlear implants |
|
|
Term
| most common virus associated with sensorineural hearing loss is_____? |
|
Definition
| cytomegaly virus ( CMV) most common congenital cause, problems with loudness and distortion of sounds |
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