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| angular orientation of a body segment with respect to a fixed line of reference. -- should be consistently measured in the same direction from a single reference - either horizontal or vertical |
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| and at a joint formed between the longitudinal axes of adjacent body segments. -- should consistently be measured on the same side of a given joint. --the straight fully extended position at a joint is regarded as 0 degrees |
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| used to measure joint angles -- essentially a protractor with two long arms attached |
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| Precisely located center of rotation at a joint at a given instant in time -- |
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| change in the angular position or orientation of a line segment -- the counterclockwise direction is regarded as positive, and the clockwise direction is regarded as negative |
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| component of acceleration of a body in angular motion directed toward the center of curvature, represents change in direction |
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| rate of change in the angular position or orientation of a line segment |
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| rate of change in angular velocity. x = change in angular velocity/change in time |
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| procedure for identifying the direction of an angular motion vector -- stick out your right hand.. point your thumb which ever way the vector is facing.. the way your fingers curl is the direction of the spin |
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| component of acceleration of a body in angular motion directed along a tangent to the path of motion: represents change in linear speed |
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| a vector quality that affects the outcome of interactions between two bodies |
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| measured in radians, the distance is how many times it went around ... ? |
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| Physical law stating that the buoyant force acting on a body is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body |
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| ability to control equilibrium |
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| an expression of the inverse relationship between relative velocity and relative pressure in a fluid flow |
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| Coefficient of restitution |
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Definition
| number that serves as an index of elasticity for colliding bodies |
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| point around which a body's weight is equally balanced, no matter how the body is positioned |
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| point around which the mass and weight of a body are balanced, no matter how the body is positioned |
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| a contraction involving shortening of a muscle |
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| describing a contraction involving lengthening of a muscle |
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| the point of support, or axis, about which a lever may be made to rotate |
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| Force Couple------------------------ |
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Definition
| push or pull, the product of mass and acceleration |
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| a contraction with no change in muscle length |
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| energy of motion calculated as 1/2 mv^2 |
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| tendency of a body to resist a change in its state of motion |
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| flow characterized by smooth, parallel layers of fluid |
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| Deviation in the trajectory of a spinning object toward the direction of spin, resulting from the magnus force |
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| lift force created by spin |
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| Principle of Conservation of Momentum |
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| energy by virtue of a body's position or configuration, calculated as the product of weight and height |
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| force acting in the direction of a body's motion |
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| single vector that results from vector composition |
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| velocity of a body with respect to the velocity of something else, such as that surrounding fluid |
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| velocity of a body with respect to the velocity of something else, such as that surrounding fluid |
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| resistance to disruption of equilibrium |
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| Surface Drag/Skin Friction |
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| resistance derived from friction between adjacent layers of fluid near a body moving through the fluid |
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| flow characterized by mixing of adjacent fluid layers |
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| drag increases approximately with the square of velocity when relative velocity is low |
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| resistance created by the generation of waves at the interface between two different fluids, such as air and water |
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| Resistance created by a pressure differential between the lead and rear sides of a body moving through a fluid |
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| Force acting on a body in a fluid direction perpendicular to the fluid |
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