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| Organisms are arranged or grouped by the science of ... |
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| the brnach of biology concered with naming and classifyin the diverse forms of life |
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| _,_ and _ were considered plants while some of the protists were grouped with animals |
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| bacteria, fungi, and protists |
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| the origins of taxonomy date back to ____. However the foundation for modern classification, _____, was developed by Linnaeus in the 1700's |
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| organisms are classified or grouped into categories. These categories are further divided into smaller and smaller groupings creating an organizational ___ |
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| the lowest two categories of the taxonomic hierarchy make up the ___ of an organism |
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scientific name
(Genus, Species) |
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| List the categories from biggest to smallest |
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| Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species |
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| the field of biology that uses phylogeny to categorize the diversity of living organisms |
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| the perceived evolutionary history of an organism |
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| after the plant and animal system failed an introduction of ___ was established |
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| Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia |
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| Monera belongs to the Domain |
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| these belong in the domain Eukarya |
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| Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia |
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| refers to a grouping which contains organisms with different immediate ancestors |
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| in the evolutionary tree, the three branches were known as the ... |
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| shape, size, and structure |
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| chromosome number and structure |
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| does it fly? swim? how does it move? how does it sound? |
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| hoe long does it live? how often does it reproduce? |
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| where does it live? and what does it eat? |
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| the more closely related an organism is to another, the __ number of differences there are between them |
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| very different organisms can have similar chaeracteristics which are the result of ___ |
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| the grouping which includes all the organisms which are interbreeding. The organisms can produce viable, fertile, offspring, but they can not produce viable fertile, offspring with another group of organisms |
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| the grouping which includes all the organisms which have the same shape and structure. many species were originally distinguished by this. if two organisms look alike they must be the same species. |
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| based on the ability to reproduce. Individuals may look similar but not reproduce and therefore are not the same species or they may look different but can reproduce and therefore are the same species |
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| this is defined by an organisms ecological role and is determined by the habitat occupied |
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| the smallest group of individuals that shares a common ancestor sharing an ecolutionary history |
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| this incredible number of species and the ways that they are all interacting from is from the basis of ___ |
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| the organisms that make up the two prokaryotic domains are |
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| which were the first domains to arise on Earth |
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| prokaryotes range from __ micrometers |
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| what are some differences between Bacteria and Archaea |
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the type of semi-rigid permiable cell wall
bacteria can be divided into two groups |
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| this bacterial cell wall is composed of ___ which is a complex structural polysaccharides cross linked by peptides |
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| what are the cell wall shapes of bacterium |
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bacilli - rod
Cocci - sphere
spirilla - corkscrew |
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| What is the difference between Gram Positive and Negative? |
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| being able to stain the cell wall or not |
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| in a heterogeneous environment mobile bacteria demonstrate a behavior known as __, which is the orientations or movements of an organism either toward or away from a stimulus |
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| if the movement is toward the stimulus then it is called |
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| three main types of taxis are? |
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Chemotaxis
Phototaxis
Magnetotaxis |
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| movement to or away from food, a chemical stimulus |
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| is the movement away or from light |
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| is the movement away from or toward Earths MagField |
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| surrounding the cell walls of some prokaryotes are either |
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| the capsule and slime layer both function to attach the prokaryote to a surface and may also act as a protective covering |
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| highly organized structure that is firmly attached to the cell wall |
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| much less organised and more loosley attached to the cell wall |
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| hiar like structures on the surface of certain bacteria that aid in attachment |
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| are protective resting structures in which the bacterial chromosome is surrounded by a durable wall |
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| salt loving, that inhabit the extremely salty, Deap Sea |
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| salt loving, that inhabit the extremely salty, Deap Sea |
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| heat loving, including thermocacidophiles, which live in acididc hot springs or in the hot water |
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| some prokaryotes grow up using autotrophic methods and derive their energy from inorganic chemicals,what is |
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| others obtain thier enerfy from sunlight via photosynthesis, what is |
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| there are also heterotrophic bacteria that must have an organic food source for their energy, this may occur in the pressence of Oxygen or without oxygen, what is |
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| the proccess used by prokaryotes in which asexual reproduction replicates the entire parent cell into two daughter cells |
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| Some Prokaryotes are able to transfer gentic information between two prokaryotes by a special sex pilus |
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| the small dounle stranded ring of DNA that carries extrachromosomal genes in some bacteria |
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| many eukaryotes form a ___ relationship with prokaryotes and rely on each other for an exchange some commodity |
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| most bacteria are harmless to humans, however some are __ |
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| some diseases that are caused by pathogenetic bacteria are: |
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| Gonorrhea, Syphilis, Tuberculosis, and Lyme Disease |
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| because of the widespread use of antibiotics, some pathogenic bacteria have developed__ |
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| small particles that come in many different shapes, have two parts, Genomes and Capsids |
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| the genetic information can be either DNA or RNA |
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| a protein coat that surrounds and protects the genome is the |
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| Some viruses also have an envelope which is |
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| a membrane that surrounds the capsid |
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| Even Bacteria are susceptible to viral infection from __ |
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| smaller entities, of ssRNA with no protein coat, plant pathogens |
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| unusual infectious particles, no genetic material, example is KURU which caused MCD, improperly folded version of a protien, result in physical changes in tissue |
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| what is the differene between Kingdom Protista and Eukaryotics? |
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| Nucleus, Organelles, and 2 or more chromosomes (DNA plus protiens) |
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| Protista was put into three general groups called |
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| Plant like, Fungus like, and Aniaml Like |
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| what are the photostynthetic eukaryotes at the base of most aquatic food webs |
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| the heterotrophic protists, which actively seek and ingest their food |
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