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| one of the most diverse and productive communities of algae. Found usually in the southern Gulf of Mexico. Symbiotic with unicellular algae to function as primary producers. Most common algae found in this location is Corralines. |
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| rock areas that arise from the ocean floor. Found in NW Gulf of Mexico |
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| an extensive deep (~100m) reef tract that occurs on the Mississippi-Alabama outer continental shelf. It is unknown what kind of algae live here. |
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| oil and gas platforms that provide substratum for algae to grow |
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| extracting DNA from an environmental sample and running PCR (Haj's research in Gabon) |
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| a biological phenomenon by which an organism produces one or more biochemicals that influence the growth, survival, and reproduction of other organisms |
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| a total decrease in the level of oxygen; waters that have no oxygen (Dead Zone in GOM) |
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| the breakdown of materials by microbial action |
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| any biological species or group of species whose function, population, or status can be used to determine ecosystem or environmental integrity |
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| chemical factors that have an effect on the development of seaweeds; includes salinity and any chemical substances present in the water |
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| the common name for Undaria; its cultivated and harvested in Japan, China, and Korea; used in noodles, soups, soybeans, and seaweed salads |
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| (also Sea Caviar) the common name for Caulerpa; it is cultivated in the Philippines and used in fresh salads |
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| the common name for Alaria; it is collected in the wild in Ireland and Scotland and used in bar soap |
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| the common name for Gracilaria; it's cultivated in tanks in Hawaii and used in alcoholic drinks; has a reputation for being an aphrodisiac |
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| algae that have a narrow range of temperature toleration |
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| a deep zone of water (down to 500m) where only certain organisms can survive due to the minimal amount of light able to penetrate to those depths |
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| species that live in the euphotic zone at a maximum density of 20m in depth |
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| species that live in the euphotic zone at a maximum density of 50m in depth |
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| algal species that are eliminated when the salinity levels of water increase |
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| algal species that are eliminated when the salinity levels of water decrease; usually marine species |
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| species sensitive to salinity variation |
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| organic substances that have a positive effect on plankton populations, Ex.Chrysophyceans produce organic acids, lowers the pH, releases minerals, leading to more Chrysophyceans |
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| the shore area that is exposed during low tide and reflooded at high tide undergoes an alternation of emersion and submersion and its biological effect is manifested by the different seaweeds living within the oscillating tides |
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| the process of persistent species replacing opportunistic species |
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| the belt between the upper limit of the marine vegetation and the mean level of high tide |
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| conspicuous horizontal bands or variable height that form by associations in the littoral belt, and continue along the coast |
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| an oceanographic phenomenon that involves wind-driven motion of dense, cooler, and usually nutrient-rich water towards the ocean surface, replacing the warmer, usually nutrient-depleted surface water |
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| algae whose distribution was continuous in the past, but it no longer continuous in their geographic distribution |
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| communities with monocots that are not true grasses |
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| (also Sea Grapes) the common name for Caulerpa; it is cultivated in the Philippines and used in fresh salads |
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| communities in the littoral zone ith low wave energy (protected bays). They are dominant coastal vegetation north of Mobile Bay |
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| deep reef tracts that arise from the sea floor (Ex. Alabama Alps) |
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| anything that grows on land and not in or on the water |
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| terrestrial algae associated with the soil (edaphic algae) |
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| the total content of salts dissolved in the water |
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| the blues and greens of the color spectrum; the ones located in the deep waters of the ocean |
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| a sulfated polygalactan extracted from the walls of various red algae that is used as a gelling agent; other uses- confectionary, stabilizer, packing material, laxative, etc... |
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| polysaccharides extracted from the walls of brown algae for industrial application- found in Sargassum, Laminaria, Macrocystis, Ascophyllum, and others. |
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| mucilaginous sulfated polygalactans in the cell walls of red algae that are extracted for use as gelling agents in the food industry; three types- kappa, iota, and lambda |
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| growing inside the pore spaces of rocks |
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| the upper layer of a stratified water body whose waters are typically warmer in the summer and more oxygen rich than the bottom waters |
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| living on the surface of rocks |
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| growing on the surface of plants or algae; these algae seek protection (against rough seas, or excessive illumination) from the host. Ex; sphacelaria grows on sargassum |
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| cannot synthesize organic compounds therefore lives in a habitat where they have access to nutrients |
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| algae that lives in the benthos, and on the surface of a substrate, animal, other plants, etc... |
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| algae that are found all over the world, regardless of height. Characteristic of extreme eurythermal algae |
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| algae hidden inside rocks |
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| organic substances that have a negative effect on plankton populations. Ex. Dinoflagellates produce Saxitoxins, which are harmful to finfish, seabirds, marine mammals, and humans |
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| algae that fights off bacteria; Cladophora, Centroceras, Clavulatum, and Gelidium |
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| algae that kills fungus; Bryopsis, Cladophora, Centroceras, Clavulatum, Gelidium, and Jania |
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| algae that defends against herpes; Chaetomorpha, Cladophora, Entermorpha, Ulva, and Centroceras |
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| algae that reduces inflammation; Gelidium |
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| algae that defends against the flu virus; Gelidium and Ceramium |
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| algae that fights viral disease; Bryopsis, Chaetomorpha, Cladophora, Entermorpha, Ulva, Centroceras, and Gelidium |
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| the common name for Entermorpha and Monostroma; cultivated and harvested in Japan for use as condiments on food |
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| the common name for Palmaria palmata; harvested in Ireland and Canada and used as a condiment and cocktail snack, Also can be eaten raw or cooked with potatoes , soup, or fish |
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| algae that produces agar; most common- Gelidium and Gracilaria |
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| algae that produces carrageenans; most common- Kappaphycus and Eucheuma |
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| algae that grows on the soil; ex. cyanobacteria, tribophyceans, chlorophyceans and diatoms |
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| an ensemble of stations in which the ecological conditions in respect to the level of the water are essentially the same. Three types: supralittoral, littoral, and infralittoral |
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| classification of different types of stations inhabited by marine algae |
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| an ecological unit formed by an algal flora that is composed of algae that are always the same. |
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| algae that are not continuous in their geographic distribution |
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| the anoxic area of the Gulf of Mexico that has little to no biodiversity |
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| some algae produce a chemical as a way to fend off predators |
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| algae that grows on rocks, and but is camouflaged to look like the rock |
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| waters that are low in nutrients such as phosphates and combined nitrogen, and consequently low in primary productivity and biomass, but typically high in species diversity |
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| a situation in which a member of one species lives on or in another species and feeds upon the host to its harm |
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| agar,carrageenans, and alginic acid |
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| free floating or swimming microscopic algae, with or without motility, and without associations with submerged substrates |
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| consisting of a three dimensional packet of cells- characteristic of Desmococcus, the most common alga in the world |
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| algae that grow on the surfaces of substrates, where they are exposed to the atmosphere and sunlight |
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| the region of greatest rate of vertical temperature change in a stratified body of water |
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| algae that take advantage of whatever is available- be it food, minerals, etc... these type of algae usually precede succession |
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| across the tropics; an alga that can occur in all tropical regions |
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| being acceptable to the mouth as a flavor |
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| alga (cyanobacteria) or bacteria that live at the very surface of water |
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| process that produce results, be it minerals, nutrients, chemicals, etc... |
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| are organic compounds that are not directly involved in the normal growth, development, or reproduction of organisms |
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| a phenomenon where a material undergoes a temporary change in color after being subjected to high energy electromagnetic radiation, such as ultraviolet light or X-ray |
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| organisms whose ranges overlap or are even identical, so that they occur together at least in some places |
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| property of certain gels or fluids that are thick (viscous) under normal conditions, but flow (become thin, less viscous) over time when shaken, agitated, or otherwise stressed |
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| living or growing on the exterior surface of an animal usually as a parasite |
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| the depth of the water in a lake or ocean, that is exposed to sufficient sunlight for photosynthesis to occur |
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| - species that stand a salinity variation way below or above their optimum |
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| - tolerating a wide range of temperature |
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| - Waters rich in nitrates, phosphates and calcium (eutrophic) have an abundant flora in which Chlorophyceans and Cyanobacteria are dominant |
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| : The nature of the substratum the algae grows on, and especially the size of the particles of unconsolidated material, permits the distinction of facies |
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| - Sea Grapes- Caulerpa lentillifera; Cultivated in Philippines ;Used as fresh salads |
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| requiring organic compounds of carbon and nitrogen for nourishment; |
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| - is a brown sea vegetable growing wild on rocky coastlines around Japan, Korea, and China - Sargassum fusiforme |
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| - The deepest layer of lake water, cold and devoid of oxygen |
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| i think growing on the underside of rocks |
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| - non-indigenous species (e.g. plants or animals) that adversely affect the habitats they invade economically, environmentally or ecologically |
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| - the algal dominated zone below low water mark |
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| - dark purple edible seaweed of the Atlantic coasts of Europe and North America- Chondrus crispus |
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| - A species that exerts a large, stabilizing influence throughout an ecological community, despite its relatively small numerical abundance |
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| - also called dashima (다시마 dasima) or haidai , is edible kelp from the family Laminariaceae widely eaten in East Asia. |
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| - There is invariably one factor which, when changed, would have the greatest effect on the population (e.g., a resource which is in short supply, which if increased would allow the population to grow) |
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| a general name for all kinds of plants living under water, both fresh and salt, also algae growing in any damp place |
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| Lithophytes are a type of plant that grows in or on rocks. Lithophytes feed off moss, nutrients in rain water, litter, and even their own dead tissue |
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| - a shore; the zone between high tide and low tide waterlines |
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| radiations with longer wave length are absorbed faster than shorter wavelength (think of the diagram with light into water, blue goes much further down than red which means red is absorbed faster) |
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| - Like land plants, certain elements are necessary in elevated concentrations, they are the macroelements: N, P, S, Ca, Mg, Si, etc |
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| Any of various tropical evergreen trees or shrubs that grow in shallow coastal water |
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| process where an organic substance is converted to an inorganic substance |
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| Organisms that are part autotrophic and part heterotrophic |
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| is a type of edible seaweed in the genus Cladosiphon, naturally found in Okinawa |
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| - (5-60 μ) small species that can be found even with light intensities less than 0.06-0.07% compared with the water surface |
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| Thriving in a habitat rich in nitrogen |
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| Japanese name for various edible seaweed species of the red alga Porphyra |
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| - certain elements necessary in weak concentrations, they are the oligoelements: Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, etc |
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| Morphological convergence |
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| - adaptation of terrestrial algae by morphing their thallus |
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| - another adaptation of terrestrial algae that is like amino acids as protection from UV radiation |
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| Variation in the composition of the water and its degree of turbulence; brackish, saline, exposed, protected. |
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| a thing constructed to mediate constantly flowing water to test algae (when that stupid guy from Alaska came to talk to us) |
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| organisms that use algae as dietary source |
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| extract put off by macroalgae to defend mesograzers in the antarctic |
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| also an extract put off my macroalgae to defend mesograzers (forgive my poor definitions on this and the other extract, i dont understand it much) |
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