Term
| What bones make up the skull? |
|
Definition
| facial bones and cranial bones |
|
|
Term
| Name the auditory ossicles. |
|
Definition
| malleus, incus and stapes |
|
|
Term
| What is special about the hyoid bone? |
|
Definition
| the hyoid bone does not articulate with any other bone |
|
|
Term
| What does the hyoid bone support? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bones make up the vertebral column? |
|
Definition
| vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx |
|
|
Term
| What bones make up the thoracic cage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are the ribs and sternum, and the vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx in the axial or appendicular skeleton? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bones make up the pectoral girdle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bones make up the pelvic girdle? |
|
Definition
| coxal bone which is composed of the ilium, ishium and pubis |
|
|
Term
| What bones make up the lower extremities? |
|
Definition
| femur, tibia, fibula, patella, tarsals, metatarsals and phalanges |
|
|
Term
| What bones make up the upper extremities? |
|
Definition
| humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges |
|
|
Term
| What type of bones are arms and legs with expanded ends? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of bones is cube-shaped, such as in the wrist and ankles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of bones are cranial, ribs, scapulae and plate-like bones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of bones has a variety of shapes, such as the vertebrae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of bones can be found between sutures of cranial bones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The patella is what type of bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List the functions of bones. |
|
Definition
| functions to support, protect, store energy, produce blood cells, maintain homeostasis, produce hormones, and store minerals |
|
|
Term
| Where is energy stored in bones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is hematopoiesis or hemopoiesis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What makes up the bone matrix? |
|
Definition
| mineral salts and collagen fibers |
|
|
Term
| What type of tissue is bone? |
|
Definition
| connective tissue (supporting) |
|
|
Term
| Which bone cells are bone destroying cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a mature bone cell called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which bone cells are bone building cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is a mature bone cell located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the shaft of the long bone called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the hollowed out part of the shaft called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is located in the medullary cavity in an adult? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of tissue is in the medullary cavity of an adult? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of bone makes up most of the shaft of the bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is spongy bone found? |
|
Definition
| lining the medullary cavity |
|
|
Term
| What is the structural unit of spongy bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the structural unit of compact bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of marrow is found in the hollow spaces in spongy bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of red marrow? |
|
Definition
| site of blood cell production |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the formation of bone tissue |
|
|
Term
| What type of tissue makes up the embryonic skeleton? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the primary ossification center located? |
|
Definition
| in the middle of the diaphysis of the long bone |
|
|
Term
| What type of bone cells begins ossification process? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of bone cells hollow out the medullary cavity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the secondary ossification center? |
|
Definition
| in the epiphysis where bone replaces the cartilage |
|
|
Term
| If the epiphyseal plate is cartilaginous has bone growth stopped? |
|
Definition
| no, because it stays cartilaginous as long as the bone is growing |
|
|
Term
| What are the soft spots on the cranium of an infant? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the pituitary gland located and in which bone? |
|
Definition
| in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone |
|
|
Term
| What do the meninges attach to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do the olfactory nerves pass through to get inside the brain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is located on the temporal bone and contains air cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the canal the leads to tympanic membrane? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the hyaline cartilage called between the ribs and sternum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for the first cervical vertebra? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for the second cervical vertebra? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What process is on the second cervical vertebra that the first cervical vertebra pivots around? |
|
Definition
| dens (or odontoid process) |
|
|
Term
| What is the tendon that attaches the gastrocnemius to the calcaneus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the superior portion of the ilium called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most posterior and interior point of ischium? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does the femur articulate with the coxal bones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What and where is the largest foramen in the body? |
|
Definition
| obturator foramen; in the coxal bone of the pelvic girdle |
|
|
Term
| What is the opening in the occipital bone called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the opening in the center of the vertebrae called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the openings in the cribriform plate called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the paranasal sinuses and where they drain. |
|
Definition
| maxillary sinus, sphenoidal sinus, ethmoidal sinus and frontal sinus; they drain into the nasal cavity |
|
|
Term
| Name three vitamins necessary for bone maintenance. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which vitamin is necessary for calcium absorption? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which vitamin is necessary for collagen formation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which vitamin needs ultraviolet radiation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does physical exercise do to bones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the lack of physical exercise do to bones? |
|
Definition
| bone tissues waste away becoming thinner and weaker |
|
|
Term
| What type of joint is held together by dense CT? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of movement does the above joint have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of the above joint. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of joint is held together by fibrocartilage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of movement do cartilaginous joints exhibit? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give two examples of cartilaginous joints. |
|
Definition
| symphysis pubis and intervertebral discs |
|
|
Term
| What type of joint has a joint cavity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of membrane surrounds the joint cavity of a synovial joint? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do synovial membranes secrete? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of synovial fluid? |
|
Definition
| functions to reduce friction |
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a synovial joint. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the fluid filled sacs that are sometimes associated with synovial joints? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the fluid filled sacs bursae? |
|
Definition
| reduces friction between ligaments or tendons |
|
|
Term
| Which type of membrane is found in the inner lining of bursae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give four examples of freely moveable joints. |
|
Definition
| shoulder, hip knee, elbow, wrist, ankle, thumb, jaw and neck (freely moveable joints = synovial joints) |
|
|
Term
| What are two examples of ball-and-socket joints? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are two examples of hinge joints? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give two examples of pivot joints. |
|
Definition
| atlas and axis; proximal ends of the radius and ulna |
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a saddle joint. |
|
Definition
| between the carpals and the metacarpals of the thumb |
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a gliding joint. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a condyloid joint. |
|
Definition
| between the metacarpal bone and the phalanges |
|
|
Term
| What is movement away from the midline? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is movement toward the midline? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is movement that decreases the angle between bones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is movement that increases the angle between bones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is extension beyond the anatomical position? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is movement of a body part upward? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is movement of a body part downward? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is movement of the sole of the foot outward? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is movement of the sole of the foot inward? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is bending the foot upward? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is bending the foot downward? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is movement of a bone forward on a horizontal plane? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is movement of a bone backward on a horizontal plane? |
|
Definition
|
|
