Term
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Definition
| separation of church and state |
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Term
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Definition
| protects freedom of religion; prohibits the government from creating an official of established church, preferring one religion over another, or benefiting believers over another or benefitting believers instead of nonbelievers |
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Term
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Definition
| protects freedom of religion; prohibits government from interfering with the expression of religious beliefs, practices of religion is fine unless breaks law, right to have no religion at all |
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Term
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Definition
| defamation (hurting another person’s reputation by spreading falsehoods) using spoken words |
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Term
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Definition
(hurting another person’s reputation by spreading falsehoods
defamation using written words |
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Term
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Definition
| must have the place to be searched and persons or things to be seized (must be reasonable) |
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Term
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Definition
| when police conduct an illegal search any evidence seized during that search must be excluded in court |
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Term
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Definition
| when officers believe that the search warrant they are executing is legal, they are acting in this sense and even evidence may be admitted in court even if the warrant is later discovered to be invalid on technical grounds |
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Term
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Definition
| not seen by most people, investigates a crime and formally charges someone with a crime |
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Term
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Definition
| once defendant has been acquitted, this amendment forbids trial from being tried again (no same instance of a crime) |
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Term
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Definition
| defendant cannot be forced to testify against him/herself |
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Term
| Substantive Due Process of Law |
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Definition
| Supreme Court will examine the content of a law to determine whether it violates fundamental rights not specifically mentioned in the Constitution; conducted under fair laws |
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Term
| Procedural Due Process of Law |
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Definition
| requires the government to comply with certain standards in criminal cases beyond the rights specifically mentioned in the Bill of Rights, such as trial by jury |
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Term
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Definition
| limits the power of the government to take private property for public use unless they pay a fair amount |
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Term
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Definition
| defendant must be brought to trial quickly and openly; though he himself may deny this right |
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Term
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Definition
| group of 12 people who decide your innocence |
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Term
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Definition
| writ that says you can’t put someone in jail without some evidence |
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Term
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Definition
| guarantee that everyone gets a lawyer; most important because without it the defendant is unable to assert any other rights he has |
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Term
| Jury Trial in Civil Cases |
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Definition
| right to jury trial; those deciding between disputes between private parties over noncriminal matters, such as personal injuries or contracts |
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Term
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Definition
| prohibits excessive fines |
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Term
| No Cruel & Unusual punishments-Death Penalty |
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Definition
| does not specify what these are and must be proportional to the crime committed; death penalty applied only for the crime of murder |
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Term
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Definition
| the rights that are not listed in the Constitution—right to privacy |
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Term
| Powers Reserved to the States |
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Definition
| everything we didn't say falls to the States |
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Term
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Definition
| process that you are due as a citizen |
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