Term
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Definition
| takes into account physical and medical causes of a disorder so treatment is biomedical in nature |
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Term
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Definition
| assumes that there are biological, psychological and social components to a person's disorder |
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Term
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Definition
psychotic disorder
- positive symptoms (added to normal behavior) - delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and disorganized behavior
- negative symptoms (loss of something from behavior) - disturbance of affect and avolition
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Term
| Major depressive disorder |
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Definition
| characterized by at least one major depressive episode |
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Term
| persistent depressive disorder |
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Definition
| a depressed mood not severe enough to meet criteria for major depressive episode |
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Term
| seasonal affective disorder |
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Definition
| depression that onsets during winter months |
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Term
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Definition
| manic episodes with or without major depressive episodes |
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Term
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Definition
| hypomania with at least one major depressive episode |
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Term
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Definition
| combination of hypomanic episodes and periods of dysthymia that aren't major depressive episodes |
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Term
| catecholamine theory of depression |
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Definition
| too much norepinephrine and serotonin in the synapse leads to mania while too little leads to depression |
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Term
| generalized anxiety disorder |
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Definition
| a disproportionate and persistent worry about many different things for at least six months |
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Term
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Definition
| irrational fears of specific objects or situations |
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Term
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Definition
| anxiety due to social or performance situations |
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Term
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Definition
| marked by recurrent panic attacks: intense, overwhelming fear and sympathetic nervous system activity with no clear stimulus |
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Term
| Obsessive-compulsive disorder |
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Definition
| characterized by obessions (persistent, intrusive thought and impulses) and compulsions (repetitive tasks that relieve tension but cause significant impairment in a person's life) |
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Term
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Definition
| characterized by an unrealistic negative evaluation of one's appearance or a specific body part; extreme measures are often taken to correct perceived imperfection |
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Term
| Posttraumatic stress disorder |
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Definition
- intrusion symptoms (reliving the event, flashbacks, nightmares)
- avoidance symptoms (avoidance of people, places, objects associated with trauma)
- negative cognitive symptoms (amnesia, negative mood and emotions)
- arousal symptoms (increased startle response, irritability, anxiety)
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Term
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Definition
| person avoids stress by escaping from his identity |
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Term
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Definition
| an inability to recall past experience without an underlying neurological disorder |
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Term
| dissociative identity disorder |
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Definition
| the occurrence of two or more personalities that take control of a person's behavior |
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Term
| depersonalization/derealization disorder |
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Definition
| involves feelings of detachment from the mind and body, or from the environment |
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Term
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Definition
| involves at least one somatic symptom, which may or may not be linked to an underlying medical condition, that causes disproportionate concern |
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Term
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Definition
| a preoccupation with thoughts about having or coming down with a serious medical condition |
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Term
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Definition
| involves unexplained symptoms affecting motor or sensory function and is associated with prior trauma |
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Term
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Definition
| patterns of inflexible, maladaptive behavior that cause distress or impaired functioning in at least two of the following: cognition, emotions, interpersonal functioning, or impulse control |
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Term
| paranoid personality disorder |
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Definition
| involves a pervasive distrust and suspicion of others |
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Term
| schizotypal personal disorder |
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Definition
| involves ideas of reference, magical thinking and eccentricity |
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Term
| schizoid personality disorder |
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Definition
| involves detachment from social relationships and limited emotion |
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Term
| antisocial personality disorder |
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Definition
| involves a disregard for the rights of others |
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Term
| borderline personality disorder |
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Definition
| involves instability in relationships, mood, and self-image |
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Term
| histronic personality disorder |
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Definition
| involves constant attention seeking behavior |
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Term
| narcissistic personality disorder |
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Definition
| involves a grandiose sense of self-importance and need for admiration |
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Term
| avoidant personality disorder |
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Definition
| involves extreme shyness and fear of rejection |
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Term
| dependent personality disorder |
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Definition
| involves a continuous need for reassurance |
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Term
| obsessive-compulsive personality disorder |
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Definition
| involves perfectionism, inflexibility, and preoccupation with rules |
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Term
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Definition
| genetic factors, birth trauma, adolescent marijuana use, family history; associated with excess dopamine in the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| high levels of glucocorticoids (cortisol) and decreased norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine |
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Term
| causes of bipolar disorders |
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Definition
| increased norepinephrine and serotonin and highly heritable |
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Term
| symptoms/causes associated with alzheimers |
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Definition
genetic factors, brain atrophy, decreases in acetylcholine, beta-amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles of tau protein |
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Term
| things associated with Parkinson's disease |
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Definition
- bradykinesia - slowness in movement
- resting tremor - a tremor that appears when muscles are not being used
- pill-rolling tremor - flexing and extending the fingers while moving the thumb back and forth
- masklike facies - a facial expression consisting of static and expressionless facial features
- cogwheel rigidity - muscle tension that intermittently halts movement as an examiner attempts to manipulate a limb
- shuffling gait with stooped posture
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