Term
| Crossmatch (Compatibility Test) |
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Definition
| is the test between the blood of a person who is to receive a transfusion and the blood of a donor. |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the crossmatch test? |
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Definition
| to reveal any possible incompatibility between a donor's blood and the recipient's blood. Agglutination or hemolysis is considered evidence of incompatibility. A PRIMARY purpose of a crossmatch is to prevent a transfusion reaction. |
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Term
Type and Screen vs. Type and Crossmatch
What are the differences between the tests run? |
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Definition
T&S = ABO Blood Group
Rh Typing
Antibody Screen
T&C = ABO Blood Grouping
Rh Typing
Antibody Screen
Compatibility Testing (Crossmatch) |
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Term
| What are the specimen requirements for pretransfusion testing? |
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Definition
- Fresh serum or plasma (Less than 3 days / 72 hours old)
- Plasma is the preferred specimen for Transfusion Services with no waiting time to clot. Serum is the preferred specimen for complement identification since EDTA could neutralize complement.
- History of pregnancy or transfusion within the proceeding 3 months.
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Term
| What are the patient specimen labeling requirements for pretransfusion/compatibility testing? |
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Definition
The patient must be positively identified at the time of blood drawing.
- Patient's full name
- Identification number (prefix & SSN)
- Initials of the person drawing the blood
- Date and Time of draw
- Location of the patient
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Term
| What information is required on the SF518? |
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Definition
- Patient's full name
- Identification number
- Location of the patient
- Section 1 MUST BE COMPLETED IN FULL
- Blood component requested
- Physician's name
- Diagnosis or operative procedure
- Date and time of drawing
- Signature of person drawing blood
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Term
| Who is authorized to sign as the person drawing blood? |
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Definition
- Midical Officer (MO)
- Registered Nurse (RN)
- Laboratory Technician
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Term
| If the information on the specimen does not match the information on the SF518, what are we required to do? |
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Definition
| Reject the sample, do not give the original sample back, to ensure that another sample is taken. |
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Term
| What are the requirements for a Pretransfusion Record Review? |
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Definition
| Compatibility testing must include checking previous transfusion service records for recipient's serologic history. If patient has been previously tested, current testing must be compared with interpretation of prior testing. |
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Term
| What is the importance of a Pretransfusion Record Review? |
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Definition
| Gives results of patient's ABO and Rh type done previously. If current results to not agree, redraw the patient. You may be working with a specimen from the wrong patient. Check for previously identified antibodies. Antibody may be undetectable now due to decreasing titer or dosage. |
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Term
| Negative Antibody Screen on T&S |
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Definition
| Crossmatched blood is not set aside for the patient. If blood is needed later, an immediate spin crossmatch can be performed quickly. |
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Term
| Negative Antibody Screen on T&C |
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Definition
| Follow the MSBOS to determine how many units of blood to set aside. MSBOS lists the blood levels needed for common elective surgeries. If blood is required by the MSBOS, do an immediate spin crossmatch and set aside blood. |
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Term
| Positive Antibody Screen on T&S |
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Definition
| Identify the antibody. Perform an AHG crossmatch. Set aside antigen-negative blood for the patient. |
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Term
| Positive Antibody Screen on T&C |
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Definition
| Identify antibody (unless emergency) Perform an AHG crossmatch (always), set aside antigen-negative blood. |
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Term
| Suitable donor units (Packed RBCs) for Type O are? |
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Definition
Type O
Alternative - None |
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Term
| Suitable donor units (packed RBCs) for Type A? |
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Definition
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Term
| Suitable donor units (packed RBCs) for Type B? |
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Definition
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Term
| Suitable donor units (packed RBCs) for type AB? |
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Definition
Type - AB
Alternatives - A, B, O |
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Term
Fresh Frozen Plasma
Patient Type O |
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Definition
Donor type - O
Acceptable alternative - A, B, AB |
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Term
Fresh Frozen Plasma
Type A patient |
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Definition
Donor unit Type A
Alternative - Type AB |
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Term
Fresh Frozen Plasma
Patient Type B |
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Definition
Donor Unit Type - B
Alternative - AB |
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Term
Fresh Frozen Plasma
Patient's Type - AB |
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Definition
Donor Unit Type AB
Alternative - None |
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Term
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Definition
| Component compatible with patient's RBCs prefferred, but all ABO groups acceptable. |
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Term
| Single Donor Cryoprecipitate |
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Definition
| All ABO groups are acceptable. |
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Term
| Whole blood patient type/donor type and alternatives. |
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Definition
| No alternative is allowed, whole blood donor unit bust be the same ABO and Rh as the recipient. |
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Term
| What is the major factor in determining alternate ABO groups? |
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Definition
| The major factor is the recipients ABO antibodies. Donor antigens must be compatible with patient plasma. |
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Term
| What is returning the patient to his/her own ABO group after transfusion of a different ABO group based on? |
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Definition
| It is based on the presence or absence of Anti-A and/or Anti-B from donor units already infused, that is now detectable in recipient's blood. |
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Term
| What are some times when transfusion of non-group-specific blood can be necessary? |
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Definition
- Massive bleeding
- Trauma
- Disseminated intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
- Blood group/type shortage
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Term
| What percentage of Rh-negative patients who receive Rh-positive donor blood may form anti-D? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the use of the Antibody Screen in Compatibility Testing? |
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Definition
| Antibody screen is used to detect clinically significant unexpected antibodies. |
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