Term
| How many vertebrae are there in the spine? |
|
Definition
| 30-35 (depending on number in coccyx) |
|
|
Term
| what are the 8 typical landmarks of a vertebrae? |
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Definition
| Body, transverse process, spinous process, pedicle, lamina, vertebral foramen, superior/anterior articulating surfaces and intervertebral foramen |
|
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Term
| What is the purpose of the pedicle? |
|
Definition
| To join together the body and transverse process |
|
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Term
| What is the purpose of the lamina? |
|
Definition
| to join together the transverse process and the spinous process |
|
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Term
| What is the purpose of the Vertebral foramen? |
|
Definition
| act as an opening for the spinal cord to travel |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the inferior/superior articulating surfaces? |
|
Definition
| allow for stacking of vertebrae |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the intervertebral foramen? |
|
Definition
| act as a lateral opening between vertebrae for spinal nerves to exit on either side |
|
|
Term
| How many cervical vertebrae are there? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many thoracic vertebrae are there? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many lumbar vertebrae are there? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the sacrum located? |
|
Definition
| between the L5 and the coccyx |
|
|
Term
| where is the coccyx located? |
|
Definition
| the very end of the spine |
|
|
Term
| only _______ vertebrae have a transverse foramen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the transverse foramen? |
|
Definition
| allow passage of vertebral artery into cranial cavity |
|
|
Term
| all cervical vertebrae have all the characteristics of a typical vertebrae, true or false? |
|
Definition
| false, C1 and C2 do not. But C3-C7 do |
|
|
Term
| C1 is also known as the ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| C1 supports the head by articulating with the _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| C1 has no body, true or false |
|
Definition
| true, its body is actually attached to C2 |
|
|
Term
| Instead of a pedicle and lamina, the atlas has _____ |
|
Definition
| anterior and posterior arches |
|
|
Term
| C2 is also known as the ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the Dens (Odontoid process) |
|
Definition
| A structure in C2 pointing upward from the body that is actually the body of C1 |
|
|
Term
| The dens fits into the anterior surface of the posterior arch of the atlas, true or false? |
|
Definition
| False, the dens fits into the POSTERIOR surface of the ANTERIOR arch of the atlas |
|
|
Term
| The joint between the occypital condyles, and superior articulating surfaces of the atlas is where the ____ motion takes place? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the articulation of C1 and C2 allow for the _____ motion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the distinguishing characteristics of the thoracic vertebrae? |
|
Definition
| facets at the pedicle and transverse process to allow for articulation with the ribs |
|
|
Term
| what part of the rib does the pedicle facet on the thoracic vertebrae articulate with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what part of the rib does the transverse process on the thoracic vertebrae articulate with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The thoracic region has less ROM than the cervical region, true or false? |
|
Definition
| True, rib attachment limits ROM |
|
|
Term
| Lumbar vertebrae do not allow for rotation, true or false |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is there no rotation in the lumbar region? |
|
Definition
| articulating surfaces aligned vertically and due to the sheer amount of weight these vertebrae must bear, rotation would herniate or rupture the disks |
|
|
Term
| the sacrum contains ____ fused vertebrae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 5 landmarks of the sacrum include |
|
Definition
| Articular surfaces, median crest, sacral canal, sacral hiatus and dorsal & ventrical foramina |
|
|
Term
| the coccyx is composed of ____ fused vertebrae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The coccyx is considered the vestigial remnant of the tail, true or false? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Define: Intervertebral disk |
|
Definition
| a fibrocartilage disk between vertebrae |
|
|
Term
| There are no disks between C1 and C2, true or false |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 2 components of a vertebral disk? |
|
Definition
| annulus fibrosis & nuclear pulposus |
|
|
Term
| The annulu fibrosis has _____ (number) layered sheets of collagen known as Lamellae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the intervertebral disk? |
|
Definition
| act as cushion and allow for movement between vertebrae |
|
|
Term
| Define: anterior/psterior longitudinal ligament |
|
Definition
ligaments that run up and down n the anterior and posterior surfaces of the bodies of vertebrae
NOTE: anterior ligament is wider than posterior |
|
|
Term
| Define: ligamentum flavum |
|
Definition
an elastic ligament that joins the laminae of vertebrae
NOTE: not continuous |
|
|
Term
| Define: interspinous ligament |
|
Definition
| ligaments that join the lateral sides of the spines of the vertebrae |
|
|
Term
| Define: supraspinous ligament |
|
Definition
| ligaments that join the tips of the vertebral spine |
|
|
Term
| Define: ligamentum nuchae |
|
Definition
| an elastic ligament that is the continuation of the supraspinous ligament in the cervical region |
|
|
Term
| what is the purpose of the ligamentum nuchae |
|
Definition
| provdide SA for muscle attachment and reduce muscle activity in holding head up |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| concave areas of the spine (throacic and saccral) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| convex areas of the spine (cervical and lumbar) |
|
|
Term
| Purpose of cervical convex curve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| purpose of lumber convex curve |
|
Definition
| support body's center of gravity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "hunch back"/exaggerated lower cervical/thoracic curve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| exaggerated lumber curve (swayback) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lateral curvature of spine |
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