Term
A 23 y/o man recieved a gunshot wound and his greater splanchnic nerve was destroyed. Which of the following nerve fibers would be injured?
A) general somatic afferent and pre-ganglionic sympathetic fibers
B) General visceral afferent and post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers
C)General visceral afferent and preganglionic sympathetic fibers
D)General somatic efferent and postganglionic sympathetic fibers
E) General visceral afferent and general somatic efferent |
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Definition
| C) The greater splanchnic nerves contain general visceral afferent and preganglionic sympathetic general visceral efferent fibers (BRS) |
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Term
A 17 y/o boy was involved in a gang fight and a stab wound severed the white rami communcantes at T6. This injury would result in degerantion of nerve cell bodies in which of the following structures?
A)Dorsal root ganglion and anterior horn of spinal cord B)Sympathetic chain ganglion and dorsal root ganglion C)Sympathetic chian ganlion and posterior horn of the spinal cord
D)Dorsal root ganglion and lateral horn of the spinal cord
E)Anterior and Lateral horns of the spinal cord |
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Definition
| D)Dorsal root ganglion and lateral horn of the spinal cord The white rami communcates contain preganglionic sympathetic gernal visceral efferent fibers and general visceral afferent fibers whose cell bodies are located in the lateral horn of the spinal cord and the dorsal root ganglion. |
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Term
A 21 y/o patient with a stab wound reveals a laceration of the right vagus nerve proximal to the origion of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Which of the following conditions would most likely result?
A) Contraction of the bronchial muscle
B) Stimulation of bronchial gland secreation
C) Dilation of the bronchial lumen
D) Decrease in cardiac rate
E) Constriction of the coronary artery |
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Definition
| C) Dilation of the bronchial lumen The parasympathetic nerve fibers in the vagus nerve sconstric teh bronchial lumen, contract bronchial smooth muscle, stimluate gland secretion, decrease heart rate and constrict coronary artery. The vagus n. also carries afferent fibers of pain, cough, reflex and stretch of the lung (during inspiration) |
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Term
| What is the parasympathetic effect of the Occulomotor n (CN III)? |
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Definition
pupillary constriction
(Horner's syndrome lose sympathetic so parasympathetic causes constriction of pupil) |
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Term
| What is the parasympathetic effect of the Facial n. (CN VII)? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the parasympathetic effect of the glossopharyngeal n. (CN IX)? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the parasympathetic effect of the vagus n (CN X)? |
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Definition
decrease heart rate
Bronchial constriction
Increase blood flow to gut
Increase penstalsis and secretion |
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Term
| What is the parasympathetic effect of the sacral splanchnic nerve? |
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Definition
decreases peristlsis
contract internal anal spincter
promtes breakdown of stored glycogen
slowed urine production |
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Term
| How is the suprarenal adrenal gland unique? |
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Definition
| It secretes norepinephrine and epinephrine into the blood stream producing a whole-body flight or flight responce. |
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Term
| What is the location of sympathetic preganglionc cell bodies |
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Definition
lateral horn of T1-L2
dorsal root ganglion |
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Term
| What is the location of parasympathetic preganglionc cell bodies |
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Definition
General visceral efferent fibers of CN III, VII, IX, X
Intermediate gray spinal segments S2-4 |
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Term
| What is the location of parasympathetic preganglionc cell fibers |
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Definition
pelvic nerves
CN III, VII, IX, X |
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Term
| What is the location of sympathetic preganglionc cell fibers |
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Definition
white rami T1-L3
sympathetic trunk
splanchnic nerves |
|
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Term
| what is the location of sympathetic postganglionic cell bodies? |
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Definition
paravertebral ganglia
prevertebral ganglia |
|
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Term
| what is the location of sympathetic postganglionic cell fibers? |
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Definition
Fibers to structures of the of body wall and limbs in gray rami and spinal nerves
plexuses assciated with arteries supplying organs |
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Term
| what is the location of parasympathetic postganglionic cell bodies? |
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Definition
| ganglion clusters in walls of viscera |
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Term
| what is the location of parasympathetic postganglionic cell fibers? |
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Definition
| within viscera of body cavities, accompanying trigeminal nerve branches in the head |
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Term
| What are the target effectors of the sympathetics? |
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Definition
Smooth muscle
Cardiac Muscle
Secretory cells |
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Term
| What are the target effectors of the parasympathetics? |
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Definition
| Viscera of head and thorax, abdominal and pelvic cavities |
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Term
| Whats is the primary neurostransmitter of preganglionic neurons in the sympathetics? |
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Definition
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Term
| Whats is the primary neurostransmitter of preganglionic neurons in the parasympathetics? |
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Definition
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Term
| Whats is the primary neurostransmitter of postganglionic neurons in the sympathetics? |
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Definition
Norepinephrine
**except sweat glands use ACh** |
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Term
| Whats is the primary neurostransmitter of postganglionic neurons in the parasympathetics? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Neuropeptides of postganglionic neurons in sympathetics? |
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Definition
| Neuropeptide Y and others |
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Term
| Neuropeptides of postganglionic neurons in parasympathetics? |
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Definition
| vasocative intestinal polypeptide and others |
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Term
| General physiologic effects of sympathetics? |
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Definition
| Mobilization of resources for intense activity |
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Term
| general physiological effects of parasympathetics? |
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Definition
| Promotion of restorative processes |
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Term
| what caues Increase blood flow to skin? |
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Definition
| parasympathetic stimulation |
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Term
| what causes pupil dilation? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what causes decrease tear flow? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what causes decreased cardiac output? |
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Definition
| parasympathetic stimulation |
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Term
| what causes increased pancreatic insulin secretion |
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Definition
| parasympathetic stimulation |
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Term
| what causes a postive effect on ejaculation |
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Definition
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Term
| what causes Decreased bronchial diameter |
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Definition
| parasympathetic stimulation |
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