Term
| What are the 4 steps of the recording process? |
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Definition
| Preparation, Recording, Overdubbing, Mixing Down |
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Term
| What are tie lines usually made of? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Goals, budget, writing songs, practice, hiring, target audience, timeline, lawyer, advertising |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| high end audio equipment, final tweaking and editing, levels, audio or visual |
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Term
| Sound arrives at the ear in the form of periodic variations called _____ ________ ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some waveform characteristics? (7) |
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Definition
| amplitude, frequency, velocity, wavelength, phase, harmonic content, envelope |
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Term
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Definition
| The rate at which an acoustic generator, electrical signal or vibrating mass repeats within a cycle of positive and negative amplitude |
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Term
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Definition
| Distance over time @ 68 deg. F |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Physical distance in a medium between the beginning and end of a cycle |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is diffraction of sound? |
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Definition
| Sound bending around an object in a manner that reconstructs the signal back to it's original form in both FREQUENCY AND AMPLITUDE |
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Term
| What is frequency response? |
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Definition
| The charted output of an audio device |
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Term
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Definition
| How waveforms start in relativity to one another |
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Term
| What is harmonic content? |
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Definition
| Overtone frequencies that are whole-number multiples of the fundamental frequency |
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Term
| What does an envelope consist of? |
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Definition
Attack
Sustain
Decay
Release |
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Term
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Definition
| Expression of differences in intensities between 2 levels |
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Term
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Definition
20logSPL/SPLref
SPLref=.0002 dynes/cm2 |
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Term
| What is the threshold of hearing? |
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Definition
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Term
| When distance is doubled..... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Pressure behind electrons in a wire |
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Term
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Definition
20logV/Vref
Vref=.775 volts |
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Term
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Definition
| Flow of electrons along a line over time |
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Term
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Definition
10logP/Pref
Pref=1 milliwatt or .001 watt |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the threshold of hearing? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the threshold of feeling? |
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Definition
| About 118 dB SPL and between 200Hz and 10kHz |
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Term
| What is psycho-acoustics? |
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Definition
| How and why the brain interperates a particular sound stimulus a certain way |
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Term
| What is auditory perception? |
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Definition
The ear producing harmonic distortion that doesn't exist in the original signal whenever it is subjected to sound waves above a certain loundess level. This results in:
-beats
-combination tones |
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Term
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Definition
| what you hear when two tones differ only slightly in frequency and have approximately the same amplitude |
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Term
| What are combination tones? |
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Definition
| They result when two loud tones differ by more than 50Hz |
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Term
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Definition
| Phenomenon by which loud signals prevent the ear from hearing softer sounds |
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Term
| What are 3 reflections telling the perception of space? |
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Definition
-Direct Sound
-Early Reflections
-Reverberation |
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Term
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Definition
| Randomly decaying set of sounds often heard after the source stops |
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Term
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Definition
| Repeating a signal using a short delay of 4-20 ms, making you think there are 2 signal sources |
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Term
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Definition
| A science dealing with the production and effects of sound waves |
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Term
| What is acoustic isolation? |
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Definition
| Preventing sound from moving in or out of a space |
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Term
| What is frequency balance in a room? |
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Definition
| Allowing the room to not alter sound at all. |
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Term
| What is acoustic separation? |
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Definition
| Separating louder and softer instruments |
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Term
| What do you want to keep in mind when dealing with studio acoustics? |
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Definition
Acoustic Isolation
Frequency Balance
Acoustic Separation
Reverberation
Cost |
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Term
| What are 4 types of studios? |
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Definition
Professional
Audio-For-Visual
Project
Portable |
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Term
| What factors do you need to deal with in a control room? |
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Definition
Acoustic Isolation
Symmetry
Frequency Balance
Transition Loss
Absorbtion
Reflection
Reverberation
Equipment Noise
Power Conditioning
Grounding Techniques |
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Term
| What is the best and most solid material for building a studio? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are 2 cost effective and efficient materials when building a studio? |
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Definition
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Term
| What could you do to a studio floor to help acoustics? |
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Definition
| Use hockey puck isolation mounts or rubber underlay |
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Term
| What frequencies travel through barriers most easily? |
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Definition
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Term
| Reflective=_______, Absorbative=____ |
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Definition
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Term
| What could you do to regulate excess machine noise in your control room? |
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Definition
Replace fans
Regulate fan speeds
Install Hard Drive enclosures
Put computer in isolated alcove
Remote machinery |
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Term
| Room should have flat frequency response and add no color to the sound. True or False? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a quarter wavelength trap? |
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Definition
| An enclosure with a depth that is 1/4 the wavelength of the offending frequencies fundamental frequency |
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Term
| What is a pressure-zone trap? |
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Definition
| Works on principle that sound pressure is doubled at large boundary points that are at 90 degree angles |
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Term
| What is a functional trap? |
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Definition
| Uses material generally formed into a tube or half-tube structure that is rigidly supported so as to reduce structural vibrations |
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Term
| What are 3 components of reverberation? |
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Definition
Direct Signal
Early Reflection
Reverberation |
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Term
| What are acoustic echo chambers? |
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Definition
| Isolated room with highly reflective surfaces |
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Term
|
Definition
| velocity(ft/sec)/frequency(hertz) |
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Term
| How much does velocity increase with each degree in temperature? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is velocity sometimes labeled instead of "v"? |
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Definition
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Term
| When frequency is doubled..... |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| A logarhythmic value that expresses differences in intensities between two levels |
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Term
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Definition
| Acoustic pressure that builds up within a defined atmospheric area |
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Term
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Definition
| How harmonics affect the fundamental frequency |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| When one power is twice another, how much deciBel increase do you get? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Root Mean Square, the relative average of a complex waveform |
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Term
| What is the peak of a waveform? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| DeciBel Full Scale, Common meters in ProTools |
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Term
|
Definition
| All frequencies playing at equal intensities |
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Term
|
Definition
| All frequencies playing at equal volume |
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Term
| What is a Fletcher-Munson Curve? |
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Definition
| Represents what our hearing is perceiving (SPL and frequency) at 83-85 dB |
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Term
| A loudness level is also referred to as a ____ or a ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the components of a channel? |
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Definition
Mic Pre
EQ
Fader
Routing Matrix
Output
Aux's |
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Term
| What are the components of a mic pre? |
|
Definition
Gain/Trim Knob
PAD
Phase Button
Phantom Power
(Mic/Line Switch) |
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Term
| What is a dynamic microphone? |
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Definition
| Piece is surrounded by wire that lays in magnet. Utelizes magnetic flux |
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Term
| What are 3 types of microphones? |
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Definition
| Dynamic, Ribbon, Condenser |
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Term
| What is an omnidirectional polar pattern? |
|
Definition
| Picks up sound equally in all directions |
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Term
| What is a cardioid polar pattern? |
|
Definition
| Flat top, vents on the side |
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Term
|
Definition
| Measured at -3dB/octave points |
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Term
|
Definition
| Difference between max SPL and min SPL |
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Term
| What is transient response? |
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Definition
| How well the microphone responds to changing energies |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is a condenser microphone? |
|
Definition
| 2 plates of opposite polarity, uses capacitative flux |
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Term
| What type of microphone reacts best to energy changes? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What microphones use Phantom Power? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Will phantom power affect a dynamic microphone? Ribbon? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Direct Injection, transformer and voltage/impedance converter, this can be passive or active |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Turning signal up by ___dB will double signal level. |
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Definition
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