Term
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Definition
| a fracture in the earth where movement has occurred |
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Term
| An earthquakes epicenter is... |
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Definition
| the epicenter is the location on the surface directly above the focus |
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Term
| When an earthquake occurs, energy radiates in all directions from its source, which is called the... |
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Definition
| focus. the point within earth where the earthquake starts is called the focus |
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Term
| Earthquakes are usually associated with.. |
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Definition
| earthquakes are usually associated with large fractures in earths crust and mantle faults |
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Term
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Definition
| earthquakes occur due to the release of built up energy |
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Term
| Most earthquakes are produced by the rapid release of elastic energy stored in rock that has been subjected to great forces.. |
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Definition
| went the strength of the rock is exceeded, it suddenly breaks causing the vibrations of an earthquake |
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Term
| Most earthquakes are produced by the rapid release of which kind of energy stored in rock subjected to great forces? |
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Definition
| elastic energy stored in rocks |
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Term
| During an earthquake, ground surface... |
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Definition
| can move in any direction |
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Term
| The adjustments of materials that follow a major earthquake often generate smaller earthquakes are called ... |
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Definition
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Term
| Major earthquakes are sometimes preceded by smaller earthquakes called... |
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Definition
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Term
| The slow continuous movement that occurs along some fault zones is referred to as... |
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Definition
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Term
| The san francisco earthquake of 1906 occured along what fault? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which seismic waves travel most rapidly? |
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Definition
| p waves travel more rapidly |
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Term
| What is true about p waves? |
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Definition
| p waves are pull puch waves the push (compress) and pull (expand)rocks in the direction the waves travel. p waves are also known as compression waves |
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Term
| Overall which seismic waves are most destructive? |
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Definition
| the surface waves are the most destructive, because surface waves move in and up-down , side to side motion. the side-to side motion is especially damaging to the foundation of buildings |
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Term
| What is the minimum number of seismic waves or amount of energy released at the source of the earthquakes epicenter? |
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Definition
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Term
| An earthquakes magnitude is a measure of the size of the seismic waves or the amount of energy released at the source of the earthquake |
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Definition
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Term
| what instrument records earthquake waves |
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Definition
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Term
| How much of an increase in wave amplitude is seen from an earthquake measuring 5.4 on the richter scale compared to one measuring 4.4? |
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Definition
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Term
| A succession of ocean waves set in motion by a submarine earthquake is a |
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Definition
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Term
| Violent shaking from an earthquake can cause soil and rock on slopes to fail cause a _____ . . . . . |
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Definition
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Term
| Why do earthquakes often cause damaging fires ? |
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Definition
| The fires started when gas and electrical lines were cut. Many city's water lines had also been broken by the quake, which meant that the fires couldn't be stopped. |
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Term
| Long-range earthquake forecasts are based on the idea that earthquakes are ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| What layers of earth make up the lithosphere ? |
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Definition
| Crust and uppermost mantle |
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Term
| Through which Earth layer are S waves NOT transmitted ? |
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Definition
| Outer core, because it is liquid |
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Term
| Earth's core is made of an ally of _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Wegener's continental drift hypothesis stated that all the continents once joined together to form _____. |
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Definition
| A single supercontinental |
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Term
| The supercontinent in the continental drift hypothesis was called _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| In the plate tectonics theory, the lithosphere is divided by _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| A tectonic plate consists of _____. |
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Definition
| Crust and uppermost mantle |
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Term
| A divergent boundary at two oceanic plates can result in a ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of boundary occurs where two plates move together, causing one plate to descend into the mantle beneath the other plate ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Give an example of a transform fault boundary ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| New Ocean crust is formed at ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| What occurs when divergence occurs between two oceanic plates ? |
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Definition
| This process results in upwelling of material from the mantle to create new seafloor. |
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Term
| The Himalayas in South Asia are an example of what type of plate boundary ? |
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Definition
| Continental-continental ( convergent boundary ) |
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Term
| Volcanic island arcs are associated with type of plate boundary ? |
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Definition
| Oceanic-oceanic ( convergent boundaries ) |
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